Ubuqotho bemishini esezingeni eliphezulu, kusukela emishinini yokulinganisa ethuthukisiwe kuye engqalasizinda enkulu, kuncike esakhiweni sayo esiwumgogodla wokusekela—isisekelo somshini. Uma lezi zakhiwo zifaka amajiyometri ayinkimbinkimbi, angajwayelekile, aziwa ngokuthi izisekelo zokunemba ngokwezifiso (Isisekelo esingajwayelekile), ukukhiqiza, ukuthunyelwa, nezinqubo zokunakekela zesikhathi eside ziletha izinselele eziyingqayizivele zokulawula ukuwohloka nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi eqhubekayo. Kwa-ZHHIMG, siyabona ukuthi ukuzuza uzinzo kulezi zixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kudinga indlela ehlelekile, ukuhlanganisa isayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukucubungula okuthuthukisiwe, nokuphathwa komjikelezo wokuphila okuhlakaniphile.
I-Dynamics of Deformation: Ukuhlonza Izingcindezi Eziyinhloko
Ukuzuza ukuzinza kudinga ukuqonda okujulile kwamandla alulaza ubuqotho bejometri ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izisekelo zangokwezifiso zisengozini kakhulu emithonjeni emithathu eyinhloko yokuguqulwa:
1. Ukungalingani Kwangaphakathi Kwengcindezi Kusuka Ekucubungulweni Kwezinto: Ukwenziwa kwezisekelo zangokwezifiso, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zivela kuma-alloy akhethekile noma izinhlanganisela ezithuthukisiwe, kuhilela izinqubo ezishisayo neziqinile ezifana nokusakazwa, ukufoja, nokwelashwa kokushisa. Lezi zigaba ngokungagwemeki zishiya ngemuva izingcindezi eziyinsalela. Ezisekelweni ezinkulu zensimbi esakazwayo, izilinganiso zokupholisa ezihlukile phakathi kwezingxenye eziwugqinsi nezincane zidala ukugxila kwengcindezi okuthi, lapho kukhululwa esikhathini sokuphila sengxenye, kuholele ekuwohlokeni okuncane kodwa okubalulekile. Ngokufanayo, kuzinhlanganisela ze-carbon fibre, amanani ahlukahlukene ancipha ama-resin anezingqimba angabangela ingcindezi eyeqile yokuhlangana kobuso, okungase kubangele ukubola ngaphansi kokulayisha okuguquguqukayo futhi kubeke engcupheni ukuma okuphelele kwesisekelo.
2. Ukukhubazeka Okunqwabelanayo Okusuka Ekushicileleni Okuyinkimbinkimbi: Ubunkimbinkimbi bejiyomethri bezisekelo zangokwezifiso—ezinezindawo ezikhonkwane ezinama-axis amaningi kanye namaphethini embobo abekezeleleka kakhulu—kusho ukuthi amaphutha okucubungula anganqwabelana ngokushesha abe amaphutha abucayi. Ekugayweni kwama-eksisi amahlanu ombhede ongajwayelekile, indlela yamathuluzi engalungile noma ukusabalalisa amandla okusika okungalingani kungabangela ukuchezuka okunwebekayo kwendawo, okuholela ekutheni ucezu lomsebenzi luphinde lubophe umshini wangemva komshini futhi kuholele ekuvulekeni okungabekezeleleki. Ngisho nezinqubo ezikhethekile ezifana ne-Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) kumaphethini embobo eyinkimbinkimbi, uma inganxeshezelwa ngokucophelela, ingathula ukungafani kobukhulu obuhumusheka ekucindezelekeni okungahlosiwe lapho isisekelo sihlanganiswa, okuholela ekungeneni kwesikhathi eside.
3. Ukulayisha Kwemvelo Nokusebenza: Izisekelo zangokwezifiso zivame ukusebenza ezindaweni ezidlulele noma eziguquguqukayo. Imithwalo yangaphandle, okuhlanganisa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, izinguquko zomswakama, nokudlidliza okuqhubekayo, kuyizici eziphawulekayo zokuguga. Isisekelo se-turbine yomoya yangaphandle, isibonelo, sihlangabezana nemijikelezo yokushisa yansuku zonke edala ukufuduka komswakamo ngaphakathi kukakhonkolo, okuholela ekuqhekekeni okuncane kanye nokwehliswa kokuqina kukonke. Ezisekelweni ezisekela okokukala okunembe kakhulu, ngisho nokunwetshwa kokushisa kweleveli encane kungalimaza ukunemba kwezinsimbi, kudinge izixazululo ezihlanganisiwe njengezimo ezilawulwayo kanye nezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhlukanisa ukudlidliza.
Ubungcweti Bekhwalithi: Izindlela Zobuchwepheshe Zokuzinza
Ukulawula ikhwalithi nokuzinza kwezisekelo zangokwezifiso kufinyelelwa ngesu lobuchwepheshe elinezici eziningi elibhekana nalezi zingozi kusukela ekukhethweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuya ekuhlanganisweni kokugcina.
1. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezinto Ezibalulekile kanye Nesimo Sangaphambili Sokucindezeleka: Impi yokulwa nokuguqulwa iqala esigabeni sokukhetha impahla. Ezisekelweni zensimbi, lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ama-alloys anwebeka kancane noma ukubeka izinto ezisetshenziswayo ekubunjweni okuqinile nokuhlanganisa ukuze kuqedwe ukonakala. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa okujulile kwe-cryogenic ezintweni ezifana nensimbi ye-maraging, evame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zokuhlola ukuhamba kwezindiza, kunciphisa kakhulu okuqukethwe kwe-austenite eyinsalela, kuthuthukisa ukuzinza. Ezisekelweni eziyinhlanganisela, imiklamo yokubeka i-smart ply ibalulekile, ngokuvamile ishintshanisa izikhombisi-ndlela ze-fiber ukuze kulinganiswe i-anisotropy nokushumeka ama-nanoparticles ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla ahlanganayo futhi kuncishiswe ukuwohloka okubangelwa ukubola.
2. Umshini Wokunemba Nge-Dynamic Stress Control: Isigaba sokucubungula sidinga ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe besinxephezelo esiguqukayo. Ezikhungweni ezinkulu zokwenza imishini ye-gantry, amasistimu okulinganisa angaphakathi kwenqubo abuyisela idatha yangempela yokuguquguquka ohlelweni lwe-CNC, okuvumela ukulungiswa kwendlela yamathuluzi esikhathi sangempela—uhlelo “lokulinganiswa-inqubo-inxephezelo” yokulawula iluphu evaliwe. Ezisekelweni ezakhiwe, izindlela zokushisela okokufaka okuphansi kokushisa, njenge-laser-arc hybrid welding, zisetshenziswa ukuze kuncishiswe indawo ethinteke ukushisa. Ukwelashwa kwasendaweni kwangemva kokushiswa, njengokuchama noma umthelela we-sonic, bese kusetshenziselwa ukwethula izingcindezi ezicindezelayo ezizuzisayo, ngokuphumelelayo ukunqanda ukucindezelwa okulimazayo kwensalela nokuvimbela ukuguquguquka kwangaphakathi komsebenzi.
3. Idizayini Ethuthukisiwe Yokuguquguquka Kwendawo: Izisekelo zangokwezifiso zidinga ukuqanjwa kabusha kwesakhiwo ukuze kuqinise ukumelana kwazo nengcindezi yendawo ezungezile. Ezisekelweni ezisezindaweni zokushisa ezeqisayo, izici zedizayini ezifana nezakhiwo ezingenalutho, ezinezindonga ezincane ezigcwele ukhonkolo wegwebu zinganciphisa isisindo ngenkathi ngasikhathi sinye zithuthukisa ukwahlukanisa okushisayo, zinciphise ukunwetshwa kokushisa nokufinyela. Kuzisekelo zemojuli ezidinga ukuqaqa njalo, izikhonkwane zokuthola indawo enemba kanye nokulandelana kwebhawudi okugxilile ngaphambili kusetshenziswa ukuze kube lula ukuhlanganisa okusheshayo, okunembile kuyilapho kuncishiswa ukudluliswa kwengcindezi ekhuphukayo engadingeki esakhiweni esiyinhloko.
Isu Lokulawula Ikhwalithi Yomjikelezo Wempilo Egcwele
Ukuzibophezela kwekhwalithi yesisekelo kudlulela ngale kwesitezi sokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa nendlela ephelele kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo wokusebenza.
1. Ukukhiqiza Nokuqapha Kwedijithali: Ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo ze-Digital Twin kuvumela ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kwamapharamitha wokukhiqiza, idatha yengcindezi, nokokufaka kwemvelo ngamanethiwekhi ezinzwa ahlanganisiwe. Emisebenzini yokusakaza, amakhamera we-infrared thermal thermal mephu inkambu yokushisa yokuqinisa, futhi idatha ifakwa kumamodeli we-Finite Element Analysis (FEA) ukuze kuthuthukiswe idizayini yesikhuphukeli, iqinisekisa ukuncipha ngesikhathi esisodwa kuzo zonke izigaba. Ukwelapha okuyinhlanganisela, izinzwa ezishumekiwe ze-Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) ziqapha izinguquko zohlobo lwesikhathi sangempela, okuvumela ama-opharetha ukuthi alungise amapharamitha wenqubo futhi avimbele ukonakala okuhlangana kobuso.
2. I-In-Service Health Monitoring: Ukukhipha izinzwa ze-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT) kunika amandla ukuqapha kwezempilo kwesikhathi eside. Amasu anjengokuhlaziya ukudlidliza kanye nokulinganisa okuqhubekayo kobunzima asetshenziselwa ukuhlonza izimpawu zokuqala zokuguga. Ezakhiweni ezinkulu ezifana nezisekelo zebhuloho, ama-accelerometers ahlanganisiwe e-piezoelectric namageji ohlobo lwesinxephezelo okushisa, ahlanganiswe nama-algorithms okufunda komshini, angabikezela ukuxazululeka noma ukutshekisa ingozi. Ukuze uthole izisekelo zensimbi ezinembayo, ukuqinisekiswa ngezikhathi ezithile nge-laser interferometer kulandelela ukuwohloka kwe-flatness, kucuphe ngokuzenzakalelayo amasistimu okulungiswa okuncane uma ukuguqulwa kusondela umkhawulo wokubekezelela.
3. Ukulungisa Nokwenza Kabusha Ukuthuthukiswa: Ezakhiweni eziye zawohloka, izinqubo ezithuthukisiwe zokulungisa ezingabhubhi kanye nezokukhiqiza kabusha zingabuyisela noma zithuthukise ukusebenza kwasekuqaleni. Imifantu emincane ezisekelweni zensimbi ingalungiswa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-laser cladding, ifake i-homogeneous alloy powder ehlangana nge-metallurgically ne-substrate, ngokuvamile okuholela endaweni elungisiwe enobulukhuni obuphakeme nokungagqwali. Izisekelo zikakhonkolo zingaqiniswa ngomjovo onengcindezi ephezulu yama-epoxy resins ukuze kugcwaliswe izikhala, kulandelwe isifutho se-polyurea elastomer coating ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana namanzi futhi andise ngokuphawulekayo ubude besikhathi sokusebenza kwesakhiwo.
Ukulawula ukuwohloka nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yesikhathi eside yezisekelo zomshini wokunemba ngokwezifiso kuyinqubo edinga ukuhlanganiswa okujulile kwesayensi yezinto, izimiso zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe, nokuphathwa kwekhwalithi okuhlakaniphile, okubikezelayo. Ngokusekela le ndlela edidiyelwe, i-ZHHIMG ithuthukisa kakhulu ukuguquguquka kwemvelo nokuzinza kwezingxenye eziyisisekelo, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kokusebenza okuphezulu kwezinto ezizisekelayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-14-2025