Isisekelo Somshini Wegranite vs. Isisekelo Sensimbi: Kungani Ukuzinza Kwezinto Kubalulekile Emishinini Eqondile

Nansi imibuzo abakhi bemishini abayizwayo kumakhasimende ngaso sonke isikhathi:"Uma injini yami eqondile inempendulo yesikali se-nanometer, i-encoder yami inembile ngaphansi kwe-micron futhi i-interferometer yami ingalinganisa noma yini - kungani isisekelo somshini sibalulekile?"Impendulo iwukuthi zonke lezo zingxenye ezinembe kakhulu zibhekiselwa esisekelweni. Injini eqondile ikhiqiza amandla okushisa kanye namandla kazibuthe; izikali ze-encoder zifakwa ezakhiweni ezikhula futhi zinciphe; uhlelo lokulinganisa lubika ukunyakaza maqondana nohlaka, hhayi maqondana "neqiniso". Umaisisekelo somshini onembileiyanyakaza, iyadlidliza noma iphumule ngaphakathi, i-metrology engcono kakhulu emhlabeni imane iqopha lokho kukhukhuza ngokunemba okukhulu. Isisekelo yisona kuphela isici somshini esithinta yonke enye — yingakho ukukhetha izinto kuyisinqumo sobunjiniyela, hhayi umugqa wezindleko.

Ukuzinza Kokushisa

Iphutha lokushisa lihlala lingumthombo omkhulu wephutha lejiyometri emishinini yokunemba, ngokuvamile libalelwa ku-40-70% wesabelomali samaphutha esiphelele emishinini yokucubungula ngokunemba kanye ne-metrology. I-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa kwe-Granite cishe ingu-5-6 × 10⁻⁶/°C — cishe ingxenye yensimbi — futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, i-granite ine-conductivity ephansi yokushisa, ngakho-ke izinguquko zokushisa ziyanda kancane kancane futhi ama-gradients akheka kancane kancane kunokuba kube ngokushesha. Izisekelo zensimbi nezensimbi eziphonswe zisabela ngokushesha ekushintsheni kwe-ambient: ukuvulwa komnyango we-workshop, umugqa wokupholisa, ilanga ngefasitela. Lokhu akusho ukuthi izisekelo zensimbi azisebenziseki — isisekelo sensimbi esiklanywe kahle esinesakhiwo esilinganayo kanye nokupholisa okusebenzayo singenza kahle kakhulu — kodwa umakhi womshini kumele aphathe ngenkuthalo lokho i-granite ekumelana nakho ngokunganaki.

Ukudambisa Ukudlidliza

Isakhiwo sangaphakathi se-granite esicwebezelayo sichitha amandla okudlidliza cishe ngokuphindwe kayishumi kunensimbi. Emishinini enama-linear motors, ama-scan probes asheshayo noma ama-laser optics e-femtosecond, ukudambisa kunquma ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kuyabola kuma-millisecond noma kuyaqhubeka njengemiphetho efiphele kanye nokulinganisa okunomsindo. Insimbi ephothiwe ingaklanywa ngezimbambo kanye nezimbobo ezigcwele ukuze zimanzise kahle, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo kuncike ekhonweni lokuklama kanye nobukhulu bodonga.isisekelo somshini we-graniteinikeza ukuncishiswa okuphezulu kwemvelo yezinto ezibonakalayo, ngaphandle kwe-geometry — inzuzo enkulu lapho isakhiwo kumele sivuleke, sibe sincane noma sifakwe ephaketheni elijulile ukuze kuqondiswe izintambo kanye nokuhamba esiteji.

Ukuzinza Okulinganiselwe Ngokuhamba Kwesikhathi

Ukuphonswa kwensimbi ephonswe kanye nohlaka lwensimbi oluphonswe luthwala ukucindezeleka okusele okuvela ekuphonsweni, ekuphonsweni nasekusebenzeni okunzima. Ezinyangeni neminyaka, lokhu kucindezeleka kuyaphumula futhi isakhiwo siyahamba - ngokuvamile ama-micrometer ambalwa, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphezulu ngemva kokuthutha okunzima noma ukushaqeka kokushisa. Yingakho izisekelo zensimbi zidinga ukwelashwa kokushisa okunciphisa ukucindezeleka futhi ngokuvamile isikhathi "sokuzinza" ngaphambi kokulinganiswa kokugcina. I-Granite, eyakhiwe eminyakeni engamakhulu ezigidi futhi yambiwa emabhulokini amakhulu, ayinayo ukucindezeleka okusele okubangelwa ukukhiqiza ukuze iphumule: uma isiphelile, i-geometry yayo iyahlala.izingxenye ze-graniteezilinganisiwe namuhla ziqinisekiswa kabusha njalo eminyakeni eminingi kamuva ngaphakathi kwengxenye encane yokubekezelela kwazo kwasekuqaleni.

Ukumelana Nokugqwala kanye Nokuziphatha Okunamandla Kagesi

I-Granite ayiboli: inkungu yokupholisa, uketshezi olusikayo nomoya omanzi ayishiyi ingathinteki, ngakho-ke akukho ukugqoka okuvikelayo noma amafilimu kawoyela adingekayo - inzuzo yangempela emakamelweni okuhlanza e-semiconductor lapho ukuphuma kwegesi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinhlayiya kulawulwa ngokuqinile. I-Granite nayo ayiboli, okubalulekile emishinini ye-linear-motor (akukho ukukhangwa kwemfucumfucu yensimbi endaweni yethrekhi kamazibuthe) kanye ne-metrology ezwela kumazibuthe. Insimbi, ngokuphambene nalokho, idinga ukucwebezeliswa, ukupenda noma ukugcotshwa ngamafutha, futhi yonke ingubo ingumthombo wokungcola noma ukuguguleka okungenzeka.

Ukuqhathanisa Okuseceleni Komunye

Umbono Oqotho Wobunjiniyela: Kunini Lapho Insimbi Isazwakala Kahle?

I-Granite ayiyona impendulo efanele ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi umhlinzeki othembekile ngobuchwepheshe uzosho kanjalo. Insimbi iyanqoba lapho isisekelo kumele sibe sikhulu kakhulu kodwa sibe lula, lapho kudingeka izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezenziwe noma izindonga ezincane, noma lapho ingcindezi yezindleko ibusa futhi isidingo sokunemba sincane. Imiklamo ye-hybrid ivame kakhulu futhi ivame ukuba yindlela engcono kakhulu yobunjiniyela: uhlaka lwensimbi oluhlanganisiwe oluphethe indawo yokubhekisela ye-granite enembile, izakhiwo ezibunjiwe ngamaminerali eziboshwe emigqeni ye-granite, noma amakholomu e-granite aboshwe kumafreyimu angaphansi ensimbi athambile. Umbuzo ofanele awusiwo "i-granite noma insimbi?" kodwa"yisiphi isici - ukushisa, ukudambisa, ukuzinza - esikhawulela ukunemba kwalo mshini, futhi iyiphi impahla ewuletha ngesisindo nezindleko ezamukelekayo?"

Lokho Amandla Efomethi Enkulu Akwenza Kube Khona

Ithiyori yezinto ezibonakalayo iba ngokoqobo kuphela uma umenzi ekwazi ukukhiqiza isisekelo esidingwa umshini wakho. Ukwenziwa kwe-granite enembile esikalini sezimboni kuchazwa ngamakhono ambalwa okulinganisa: umshini owodwaizisekelo ze-granitekufika kumathani ayi-100, ubude bomshini bufika kumamitha angu-20, ububanzi bufika ku-4000 mm kanye nobukhulu bufika ku-1000 mm, kanye nokugaya ubuso obukhulu obufika ku-6000 mm. Le mikhawulo inquma ukuthi isisekelo sesigaba se-lithography, itafula le-CMM elinosayizi ogcwele noma isisekelo se-laser-gantry singenziwa njenge-monolith eyodwa engenakucindezeleka — esikhundleni sokuhlanganiswa kusuka ezingcezu ezincane ezinamajoyinti aba ngamaphuzu abuthakathaka futhi ashisa. Uma kuhlolwa noma yikuphiumhlinzeki we-granite oqondile, cela imvilophu yangempela yethuluzi lomshini kanye nokungaqiniseki kokuhlolwa kwegrinder yabo enkulu kunazo zonke, hhayi nje kuphela ukubekezelelana kwencwajana yepuleti elingu-500 mm.

Isiphetho: Ukuzinza Kuyisisekelo Somshini Wonke

Ama-linear motors, ama-encoder kanye nama-interferometers alinganisa futhi abuyisele — kodwa angabuyisela kuphela amaphutha uhlelo lokulawula oluwaziyo, okubhekiselwe kusisekelo esihlala siqinile. Ukuqina kokushisa kwe-granite, ukudambisa okungaphakathi, ukungavikeleki kokugqwala kanye nokukhululeka ekucindezelekeni okusele kwenza kube yinto yokubhekisela yezisekelo zomshini ezinembile kumishini ye-metrology, i-semiconductor kanye ne-laser; izakhiwo zensimbi ne-hybrid ezakhiwe kahle zihlala zisebenza lapho ubukhulu, ukuma noma izindleko zibusa khona. Ukunqoba kobunjiniyela kuvela ekufaniseni izakhiwo zezinto nesabelomali samaphutha somshini — kanye nokukhetha umenzi onekhono elikhulu eliqinisekisiwe lokuletha leyo nto ngosayizi umshini wakho owudingayo.

I-ZHHIMG®ikhiqiza izisekelo zomshini we-granite oqondile ofinyelela ku-100 t / 20 m ngokugaya okukhulu okufika ku-6000 mm, kufaka phakathi amatafula e-CMM, izisekelo zesigaba se-semiconductor kanye nezisekelo ze-laser-gantry.Xhumana nathiukuxoxa ngomklamo wakho wesisekelo.