1. Ukuma kohlangothi lomphetho oqondile maqondana nendawo yokusebenza: Beka umphetho oqondile we-granite epuletini eliyisicaba. Dlulisa igeyiji yokudayela, efakwe isikali esingu-0.001mm, ngebha eyindilinga ejwayelekile bese uyibeka ku-zero esikweleni esijwayelekile. Bese, ngokufanayo, beka igeyiji yokudayela ohlangothini olulodwa lomphetho oqondile. Ukufundwa kwegeyiji yokudayela kuyiphutha lokuma kohlangothi lwalolo hlangothi. Ngokufanayo, hlola iphutha lokuma kohlangothi kolunye, bese uthatha iphutha elikhulu.
2. Isilinganiso Sendawo Yokuxhumana Ye-Parallel Straightedge: Faka i-ejenti yokubonisa endaweni yokusebenza ye-straightedge ezohlolwa. Gaya indawo epuletini lensimbi elibunjiwe noma e-straightedge okungenani ngokunemba okufanayo ukuze wembule amaphuzu okuxhumana ahlukile endaweni yokusebenza. Bese ubeka ishidi elibonakalayo (njengeshidi le-plexiglass) elinezikwele ezincane ezingama-200 ezingama-2.5mm x 2.5mm, ezilinganisa ama-50mm x 25mm, kunoma yisiphi isikhundla endaweni yokusebenza ye-straightedge ezohlolwa. Qaphela isilinganiso sendawo yesikwele ngasinye equkethe amaphuzu okuxhumana (ngamayunithi angu-1/10). Bala isamba sezilinganiso ezingenhla bese uhlukanisa ngo-2 ukuze uthole isilinganiso sendawo ye-contact point yendawo ehlolwe.
Okwesithathu, sekela irula elihambisanayo ngamabhulokhi alinganayo ukuphakama kumamaki ajwayelekile okusekela angu-2L/9 kusuka ekugcineni ngakunye kwerula. Khetha ibhuloho lokuhlola elifanele ngokusekelwe kubude bendawo yokusebenza yerula (ngokuvamile izinyathelo ezingu-8 kuya kwezingu-10, kanye nobubanzi obuphakathi kuka-50 no-500mm). Bese, beka ibhuloho ekugcineni kwerula bese ubopha i-reflector noma ileveli kuyo. Hambisa ibhuloho kancane kancane kusukela kolunye uhlangothi lombusi uye kolunye, uhambisa ububanzi ngabunye kusukela ku-autocollimator ene-graduation engu-1″ (noma engu-0.005mm/m) noma ileveli ye-elekthronikhi ene-graduation engu-0.001mm/m (kubude bomphezulu osebenzayo obungaphezu kuka-500mm, umbusi weKlasi 1 one-graduation engu-0. Ukufunda kulesi sikhundla kungathathwa ngeleveli ehambisanayo engu-0.01mm/m (ileveli yohlobo lohlaka ene-graduation engu-0.02mm/m ingasetshenziswa ezingeni lesi-2). Umehluko phakathi kokufundwa okuphezulu nokuncane yiphutha lokuqonda kwendawo yokusebenza yeleveli. Kunoma yiliphi i-200mm yendawo yokusebenza, iphutha lokuqonda linganqunywa kusetshenziswa ipuleti lebhuloho elingu-50mm noma elingu-100mm, kusetshenziswa indlela engenhla.
IV. Ukulingana kwezindawo zokusebenza eziphezulu nezingezansi, kanye nendawo yokusebenza kanye nendawo yokusekela engezansi, kwezinga elifanayo. Uma ipuleti eliyisicaba elifanele lingatholakali, uhlangothi lwezinga lungabekwa endaweni yokusekela kanye nomehluko wokuphakama kwezinga elilinganisiwe kusetshenziswa i-lever micrometer ene-graduation engu-0.002mm noma i-micrometer ene-graduation engu-0.002mm.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-04-2025