Ungazikhetha kanjani izilawuli zokuhlola i-granite ezinesisindo esifanele ngokuya ngobude be-span?

Ngokungafani nokukhukhuleka kokushisa okudonsela ukunaka okukhulu, ukukhukhuleka kwesisindo sakho kwenzeka kuphela ngenxa yomthwalo womshini. Uma irula yokuhlola i-granite ibekwe phezu kwesikhala sokuhlolwa, isisindo sayo siqu sidala ukugoba okuncane. Ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhathi esifushane, lo mphumela uhlala ungathandeki. Kodwa njengoba isikhathi esingasekelwa sikhula, ukukhukhuleka kukhuphuka kakhulu. Ngisho ne-granite emnyama yezinga eliphezulu ayikwazi ukubalekela lo mthetho wezinto ezibonakalayo. Abasebenzisi abaningi bokugcina basola ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo ngokufundwa okubi, kuyilapho imbangela yangempela iwukukhuluphala kwakho okungafani nesikhathi sokusebenza sangempela.

Ubuningi bezinto zokwakha bubeka isisekelo. I-ZHHIMG isebenzisa i-granite emnyama enobukhulu obuphezulu cishe ngo-3100 kg/m³, iletha ukuqina okuphezulu ngevolumu ngayinye uma kuqhathaniswa nezithasiselo zemabula ezinobukhulu obuphansi. Imikhiqizo yemabula esezingeni eliphansi ivame ukunciphisa ukujiya kanye nobunzima obuphelele ukuze inciphise izindleko; ngaphansi kobubanzi obuphakathi, ukugoba okusobala kwenzeka futhi konakalisa ukusebenza kwe-metrology. Ngemva kokuzibophezela kwayo okugxile kumakhasimende, i-ZHHIMG yenqaba ngokuqinile ukufakwa kwezinto eziphansi futhi ihlola ubude bokusebenza obuvumelekile bomlawuli ngamunye ngesikhathi sokuklama ngokwezifiso.

I-effective span ibhekisela ebangeni langempela legebe phakathi kwamaphuzu amabili asekelayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwangempela, hhayi nje ubude obuphelele bombusi. I-granite ruler ende ingasebenza nge-span emfushane ephumelelayo, kuyilapho iyunithi yobude obuphakathi ingabhekana ne-gap enkulu engasekelwa. Abasebenzisi kumele bacacise i-real-working span ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa ukujiya, i-cross-section kanye ne-self-weight ephumela kuyo.

Ezimweni zesikhathi esifushane ezingaphansi kuka-800 mm, isisindo somzimba esilinganiselwe sihlangabezana nezidingo; ukuphambuka kwamandla adonsela phansi kuhlala kuncane, futhi ukubaluleka kungaya ekucushweni okuphathekayo. Uma ububanzi obusebenzayo bufinyelela ku-800 1600 mm, isisindo esinqamulayo kanye nesisindo somzimba kumele kwandiswe ngokufanayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugoba. Ezindaweni ezingaphezu kuka-1600 mm, ukumane welule ubude akwanele. Ingxenye yesakhiwo kumele ihlelwe kabusha, futhi isisindo somzimba siphakanyiswe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphambuka ngaphakathi kwamabanga okubekezelelana achazwe yizindinganiso ze-DIN, ASME kanye ne-GB metrology. Kwezinye izimo, izikhundla zamaphuzu okusekela ezilungiselelwe nazo ziyanconywa ukuze kulungiswe ukuphambuka okubangelwe amandla adonsela phansi.

Ukucacisa ngokweqile kufanele futhi kugwenywe. Ukuzithwala ngokweqile akuthuthukisi ukunemba kakhulu, kodwa kuletha izingozi zokuphepha ngesikhathi sokunyakaza ngesandla, ukufakelwa kanye nokuthuthwa endaweni. Ama-rules amakhulu adinga izinsiza ezengeziwe zokuphakamisa futhi akhuphule izindleko zokusebenza kwe-workshop. Ukuzithwala okunengqondo okuqondiswe ebangeni elisetshenziswayo langempela kufinyelela ibhalansi engcono kakhulu phakathi kokuqina nokusebenza.

Ithimba lobunjiniyela le-ZHHIMG lenza ukulingisa ukuphambuka kwerula ngalinye lokuhlola i-granite ngokwezifiso ngokwezimo zokusekelwa ezimenyezelwe amakhasimende. Besebenzisa ulwazi lwe-metrology oluqoqwe amashumi eminyaka kanye nolwazi olujwayelekile lomhlaba wonke oluhlanganisa i-DIN 875, i-ASME kanye nezinye izici, ochwepheshe balungisa i-geometry yesigaba esiphambene futhi babale isisindo somuntu siqu esifanele, kunokulandela kuphela izinketho zekhathalogi ezinosayizi oqinile.

Ngemva komshini wokugaya imishini emikhulu ngaphakathi kweshabhu elilawula ukushisa elilawulwa ukushisa, irula ngalinye eliqediwe liqinisekiswa ngokuphelele. Amathuluzi okuhlola afaka phakathi ama-interferometer e-laser e-Renishaw kanye namazinga e-elekthronikhi e-WYLER aqopha idatha eqondile ngaphansi kokusethwa kwe-real-linguated support-span. Amadokhumenti okulinganisa alandelelwa ezikhungweni ze-metrology zikazwelonke aqopha ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ze-target-span, hhayi nje kuphela i-static bench flatness. Lo mkhuba usiza amakhasimende ukuqonda ukuthi yimaphi amapharamitha e-span ithuluzi eligcina ibanga lalo lokunemba eliqinisekisiwe.                             

Ngisho noma isisindo sakho kanye nobubanzi obuhambisana kahle, imininingwane yokusetshenziswa kwensimu ithonya imiphumela yokugcina. Abasebenzi kufanele babeke izisekelo ezindaweni ezikhethiwe ze-fulcrum eziphakanyiswe umenzi, esikhundleni sokubekwa kwephuzu elingahleliwe. Lapho uhlola izingcezu zomsebenzi zegebe eliguquguqukayo, gwema ukwandisa ububanzi obungasekelwanga ngaphezu komkhawulo oqinisekisiwe womlawuli we-granite. Ukuze uthole izikhala ezinkulu kakhulu, sebenzisa imisebenzi yokulinganisa izingxenye eziningi noma ukhethe izisekelo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zezigaba ezinkulu. Izisekelo zokugcina nezokuthutha kufanele ziphinde zifane nokwakheka kwe-fulcrum yesimo sokusebenza ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwakheka kwengcindezi yangaphakathi okuhlala njalo.

Ukulinganisa isisindo sobubanzi obufanele kunikeza ukusebenza okuzinzile kwezikhombisi-ndlela emikhakheni eminingi edingayo: ukuhlolwa kwendlela yokuqondisa ithuluzi lomshini, ukulungiswa kohlaka lwemishini ye-semiconductor, ukulinganiswa kwepulatifomu yemoto eqondile, ukuhlolwa kwemishini emikhulu kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwedivayisi ye-laser enembile. Abalingani abaningi bomhlaba wonke abavela kubakhiqizi be-Fortune 500 kuya ezikhungweni zocwaningo bathembele kumathuluzi okulinganisa i-granite alungiselelwe ngokwezifiso e-ZHHIMG emisebenzini ye-metrology yesikhala eside.

Iqhutshwa yifilosofi yayo yekhwalithi yokuthi ukukhiqizwa okunembile kakhulu akuvumeli ukuyekethisa, i-ZHHIMG iyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukwakheka ngokwezifiso okuqondiswe kuhlelo lokusebenza kwemikhiqizo ye-granite metrology. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezijwayelekile zekhathalogi, ithimba lihlinzeka ngokulungiswa kwesakhiwo okusekelwe kububanzi kumakhasimende abhekene nezimo ezikhethekile zokuhlola igebe elikhulu, okususa izingozi zokuphazamiseka kwamandla adonsela phansi esigabeni sokuklama umkhiqizo.