Ungakhetha kanjani amapuleti obuso be-granite obunembile obuphezulu obunokuqina okuhlala isikhathi eside?

Ekukhiqizeni okunembe kakhulu, ukulinganiswa kwe-metrology, ukucubungula kwe-semiconductor, kanye nokuhlolwa kwemishini ye-laser ephezulu, ipuleti lobuso le-granite lisebenza njengesithwali sokulinganisa ukuchaneka okuyinhloko. Ubuningi bezinto zalo, ukuzinza kwesakhiwo, kanye nokugcinwa kokunemba kwesikhathi eside kunquma ngqo ukuthembeka kohlelo lonke lokukhiqiza nokulinganisa. Abathengi bomhlaba wonke bavame ukubhekana nezinselele ezahlukahlukene zokukhetha, okuhlanganisa ikhwalithi yezinto zokusetshenziswa ezingaguquki, imikhiqizo engacacile emakethe, ukuguqulwa kokunemba ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside, kanye nedatha yokuhlola ehlanekezelwe evela kubakhiqizi. Ukukhetha amapuleti obuso be-granite asezingeni eliphezulu, aqinile futhi anokuqina okuhlala isikhathi eside kuye kwaba yisidingo esiyinhloko sokuthengwa kwamabhizinisi okukhiqiza ngokunembile emhlabeni jikelele. Lesi sihloko sethula ngokuhlelekile izindlela zokukhetha zobungcweti ezivela ezinhlangothini ezinhlanu: izici zezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukusebenza kwenqubo, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, isitifiketi nokuhlolwa, kanye namandla omenzi, kusiza abasebenzisi bomhlaba wonke ukugwema izingibe zemboni futhi bakhethe imikhiqizo ye-granite enembile esezingeni eliphezulu ngempumelelo.

Izakhiwo zomzimba ezingokwemvelo zamatshe aluhlaza ziyisici esiyinhloko esinquma ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside kwamapuleti ongaphezulu e-granite. I-granite enembile kakhulu inesisindo esikhulu, isakhiwo sezinhlamvu ezincane, i-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa okuphansi, kanye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokudlidliza, okwenza kube yindawo engenakufakwa esikhundleni sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinembile kakhulu.

Abaphakeli abaningi abashibhile basika amakhona futhi basebenzisa imabula evamile njenge-granite yobuchwepheshe enembile. Imabula inokwakheka okuxekethile, ukuminyana okuphansi, ukumuncwa kwamanzi amaningi, kanye nokumelana nokuguquguquka kokushisa okungekuhle. Ngaphansi kokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukuguguleka komswakama, kanye nokucindezeleka komshini isikhathi eside, ithambekele ekugugulekeni okuncane, ukugoba kobuso, kanye nokuncipha kokunemba, yehluleka ngokuphelele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokunemba zesikhathi eside zezimo ezinembile kakhulu.

I-granite yangempela enembile esezingeni eliphezulu isebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-granite emnyama ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezinobukhulu obungu-3100kg/m³. Leli tshe linesakhiwo esifanayo, ukumuncwa kwamanzi okuphansi kakhulu, ukumelana okunamandla kokucindezela, kanye nokuqina kokushisa okuvelele. Izakhiwo zalo ezibalulekile zomzimba zidlula i-granite evamile evela eYurophu naseMelika, ngesilinganiso sokuguquguquka esiqondile esiphansi kakhulu futhi cishe akukho ukuguqulwa okungenakuguqulwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi. I-granite yobungcweti enobukhulu obuphezulu iyisisekelo sezinto ezingenakuphulwa sokusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwemishini yokulinganisa nokucubungula ngokunemba.

Izinto zokusetshenziswa zekhwalithi ephezulu zodwa azikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nokuqina kwesikhathi eside. Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuhle kanye nezindawo zokukhiqiza zobungcweti kubalulekile ekuguquleni izinzuzo zezinto ezibonakalayo zibe ukunemba komkhiqizo okuhambisanayo. Ukugcinwa kokunemba kwesikhathi eside kwamapuleti ongaphezulu e-granite kuncike ekugayweni okunembile okukhulu, ukwelashwa okuvamile kokuguga, kanye nezinhlelo zokukhiqiza ezilwa nokudlidliza.

Okokuqala, amapuleti obuso be-granite anembile kakhulu adinga ukwakheka okuhlanganisiwe kanye nokupholishwa kahle yimishini yokugaya emikhulu kakhulu, enembile kakhulu. Imishini yokugaya enembile kakhulu ivumela ukupholishwa okuqondile kwezinga elincane kwamapuleti amakhulu futhi isuse amaphutha okunemba kwendawo abangelwa ukucutshungulwa okuhlukaniswe ngezigaba. Abakhiqizi abathembekile basebenzisa imishini yokugaya ye-CNC ethuthukisiwe efanelekile kuma-workpiece amakhulu kakhulu nasindayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke into ithambile futhi isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ekucindezelekeni.

Okwesibili, indawo yokusebenzela yobuchwepheshe ehlala njalo, enomswakama ohlala njalo kanye nengenalo uthuli ibalulekile ekuqedeni nasekuhlanganiseni ngokunembile. Indawo yokusebenzela ehlala njalo isebenzisa izitezi zekhonkrithi eziqinile kakhulu, ezihlonyiswe ngemisele ekhethekile yokumunca ukushaqeka kanye nama-crane athule ukuze kuhlukaniswe ukuphazamiseka kokudlidliza kwangaphandle ngokuphelele. Indawo yokushisa okuzinzile kanye nomswakama isusa amaphutha okunemba abangelwa ukushintshashintsha kwemvelo, iqinisekise ukuthi yonke ipuleti lobuso be-granite lifinyelela ukunemba okuzinzile kwezinga le-nano ngemva kokugaya nokuhlanganisa kahle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa okuphelele kokuguga kuyimpoqo. Imikhiqizo efanelekile idlula ekugugeni kwemvelo kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuguga kokudlidliza komshini ukuze ikhulule ngokuphelele ukucindezeleka kwamatshe angaphakathi. Lokhu kuvimbela ngempumelelo ukugoba kobuso kanye nokuguquka okubangelwa ukucindezeleka okusele, kufezwe ukuqina okuhlala njalo kokunemba okulinganiselwe.

Njengezingxenye zokulinganisa ze-metrological zobungcweti, amapuleti obuso be-granite kumele aqinisekiswe ngezinhlelo zokuhlola ezigunyaziwe kanye nezitifiketi ezijwayelekile zomhlaba wonke. Abathengi kufanele bagxile ekutheni amakhono okuhlola abakhiqizi kanye nezinkomba zomkhiqizo ziyahambisana yini nezindinganiso zezimboni zomhlaba wonke.

Imikhiqizo ye-granite enembile esezingeni eliphezulu isekela ukuhlolwa ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe, kufaka phakathi i-DIN yaseJalimane, i-ASME yaseMelika kanye ne-GGGP, i-JIS yaseJapan, i-BS yaseBrithani, i-TOCT yaseRussia, kanye nezindinganiso ze-GB zaseShayina, okuhlangabezana nezidingo zokulinganisa ngokunemba kwezimboni zomhlaba wonke. Okwamanje, abakhiqizi abangochwepheshe kumele bahlonyiswe ngemishini yokuhlola esezingeni lomhlaba, kufaka phakathi ama-German Mahr precision dial gauges, amathuluzi okulinganisa aseJapane eMitutoyo, amazinga kagesi aseSwitzerland WYLER, ama-interferometer e-laser aseBritish Renishaw, kanye nezinye izinsimbi ezisezingeni eliphezulu.

Yonke idatha yokulinganisa umkhiqizo ingalandelelwa ezikhungweni zezwe ze-metrological, ngezitifiketi zokulinganisa ezisemthethweni ezikhishwe yizikhungo ze-metrology zesifundazwe nezomasipala. Idatha yokuhlola elandelelwa ngokugcwele nenegunya kuphela engaqinisekisa ukunemba komkhiqizo kwangempela futhi igweme idatha yokunemba engamanga evela emikhiqizweni yemakethe engeyona ejwayelekile.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Ukuqina kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo ye-granite enembile kuhlobene eduze namandla aphelele omenzi. Abakhiqizi abahle kakhulu bafaka izinhlelo zokukhiqiza ezijwayelekile, izitifiketi eziphelele zomhlaba wonke, kanye namakhono okusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe okuqhubekayo, okwakha iziqinisekiso eziqinile zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo eqhubekayo.

Okokuqala, beka phambili abakhiqizi abanezitifiketi zesistimu zamazwe ngamazwe eziphelele, okuhlanganisa i-ISO9001 Quality Management System, i-ISO14001 Environmental Management System, i-ISO45001 Occupational Health and Safety Management System, kanye nesitifiketi se-CE. Isitifiketi esigcwele seziqu simelela izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezijwayelekile, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuzinzile, kanye nokusebenza okuhambisanayo, okugwema ngempumelelo izingozi zekhwalithi ezibangelwa ukuphathwa okungajwayelekile kwefektri.

Okwesibili, abakhiqizi abanamalungelo obunikazi obuzimele kanye nokuhlelwa kwamazwe ngamazwe bathembeke kakhulu. Amabhizinisi anezimpawu zokuhweba zamazwe ngamazwe ezibhalisiwe kanye namalungelo obunikazi eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, nakwezinye izifunda ezithuthukile aphumelele ukuqinisekiswa okuqinile kwemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubambisana okujulile kwesikhathi eside namanyuvesi adumile emhlabeni wonke kanye nezikhungo zezwe ze-metrology kwenza kube lula ukuqhubeka nokwenza ngcono ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula nokuhlola, okugcina ukunemba komkhiqizo kanye nokuzinza kuphambili embonini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu bokukhiqiza kanye nomthamo wokucubungula kuyizinkomba ezibalulekile zokuhlola. Amafektri amakhulu ajwayelekile, amagceke okugcina izinto zokusetshenziswa zobungcweti, kanye nemigqa yokukhiqiza ehlakaniphile ivumela ukukhiqizwa okuzinzile kwemikhiqizo enembile kakhulu, okuqinisekisa ikhwalithi eqhubekayo kanye nomthamo owanele wokulethwa, kanye nolwazi olucebile emikhiqizweni ye-granite enkulu kakhulu kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu eyenziwe ngokwezifiso.

Ukucubungula i-granite ngokunemba okukhulu kuncike kakhulu emaqenjini ochwepheshe ochwepheshe kanye nobuciko bokupholisha ngesandla obuvuthiwe. Bonke abasebenzi bobuchwepheshe bathola ukuqeqeshwa kwe-metrology okuhlelekile futhi banekhono ezindinganisweni zokuhlola zomhlaba wonke. Ochwepheshe bokupholisha abaphezulu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 yesipiliyoni embonini bangafinyelela ukulawulwa kokunemba kwesandla kwezinga le-micron futhi banikeze ukuthamba kwezinga le-nano, bakhe inzuzo eyinhloko engenakuphikwa ukucubungula ngomshini kuphela okungenakukwazi ukufana nayo. Baqashelwa kabanzi ngamakhasimende ngokuthi “amazinga kagesi ahambayo”.

Okwamanje, ifilosofi yekhwalithi yebhizinisi kanye nezibopho zamakhasimende zichaza inani lomkhiqizo wesikhathi eside. Abakhiqizi bokunemba okuphezulu banamathela ezimisweni zekhwalithi eziqinile kanye nesibopho samakhasimende esithi “Akukho ukukopela, Akukho ukufihla, Akukho ukudukisa”. Yonke inqubo kusukela ekukhetheni izinto zokusetshenziswa, ukucubungula kanye nokupholisha kuya ekuhlolweni nasekulethweni ilawulwa ngokuqinile ukuze kuqedwe ngokuphelele imikhuba emibi yemboni.

Ukukhetha amapuleti obuso be-granite aqinile futhi azinzile isikhathi eside kungaphezu nje kokuthengwa okulula; kuwukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezinto zokwakha, ubuciko, ukuhlolwa, kanye namandla omenzi. Izindlela zokukhetha eziyinhloko zisekelwe ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ze-granite zobungcweti eziqinile, ezisekelwa ubuchwepheshe bokucutshungulwa kokushisa okungaguquki kanye nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka, okuqinisekiswa yisitifiketi esilandelwayo esigunyaziwe, futhi esiqinisekiswe amandla okukhiqiza aqinile kanye namaqembu obuchwepheshe ochwepheshe.

Njengomkhiqizi wezingxenye ezisebenza ngokunemba okuphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni onezitifiketi ezigcwele zomhlaba wonke kanye namalungelo obunikazi angaphezu kwama-20 kanye nezimpawu zokuhweba zomhlaba wonke, i-ZHHIMG inamathela njalo ezindinganisweni zekhwalithi ephezulu. Sigxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-granite enembile yokuzinza okuphezulu, sinikeza izixazululo zokulinganisa ezithembekile ze-ultra-precision benchmark ze-semiconductor yomhlaba wonke, amandla amasha, imishini enembile, ukuhlolwa kokukhanya, kanye nezimboni zokukhiqiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Sizibophezele ekukhuthazeni intuthuko yemboni enembile kakhulu, i-ZHHIMG inikeza imikhiqizo enembile kakhulu futhi ezinzile kakhulu, ithola ukwethenjwa kwesikhathi eside emabhizinisini e-Fortune 500 kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo lwesayensi eziphezulu emhlabeni jikelele.