I-Granite iwuhlobo lwetshe elivuthayo elimbiwa amandla alo eqisayo, ukuminyana, ukuqina, nokumelana nokugqwala.Kodwa i-granite ibuye ibe nezinto ezihlukahlukene kakhulu– ayiyona nje eyezikwele nonxande!Eqinisweni, Sisebenza ngokuzethemba ngezingxenye zegwadle ezakhiwe ngomumo, ama-engeli, namajika akho konke ukuhlukahluka njalo—ngemiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Ngokucutshungulwa kwesimo sethu sobuciko, izindawo ezisikiwe zingaba zicaba ngendlela ehlukile.Lezi zimfanelo zenza i-granite ibe into efanelekile yokwakha usayizi wangokwezifiso nezisekelo zemishini eklanywe ngokwezifiso kanye nezingxenye ze-metrology.I-Granite yilokhu:
■ kuyasebenziseka
■ isicaba lapho isikiwe futhi isiqediwe
■ ukumelana nokugqwala
■ isikhathi eside
■ ihlala isikhathi eside
Izingxenye ze-Granite nazo kulula ukuzihlanza.Lapho udala imiklamo yangokwezifiso, qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha i-granite ngezinzuzo zayo eziphezulu.

AMAZINGA / IZICELO ZOKUGQOKA OKUPHEZULU
I-granite esetshenziswa yi-ZHHIMG emikhiqizweni yethu evamile yepuleti langaphezulu inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-quartz, okunikeza ukumelana okukhulu nokuguga nokulimala.Imibala yethu Emnyama Ephakeme inamazinga aphansi okumunca amanzi, enciphisa amathuba okuthi amageji akho anembe agle ngenkathi usetha kumapuleti.Imibala yegwadle ehlinzekwa yi-ZHHIMG iphumela ekubenyeni okuncane, okusho ukuthi ukucindezelwa kwamehlo kuyancipha kubantu abasebenzisa amapuleti.Sikhethe izinhlobo zethu zegwadle ngenkathi sicabangela ukunwetshwa kokushisa emzamweni wokugcina lesi sici sincane.

IZICELO ZOKUFANELEKILE
Uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza ludinga ipuleti elinomumo ngokwezifiso, okufakwayo okuluchungechunge, izikhala noma okunye ukukhanda, uzofuna ukukhetha into efana ne-Black Jinan Black.Le nto yemvelo inikezela ngokuqina okuphezulu, ukudambisa ukudlidliza okuhle kakhulu, nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi umbala wodwa awuyona inkomba yezimfanelo ezibonakalayo zetshe.Ngokuvamile, umbala we-granite uhlobene ngokuqondile nokuba khona noma ukungabi khona kwamaminerali, okungenzeka kungabi nalutho ezimfanelweni ezenza izinto ezinhle zamapuleti angaphezulu.Kukhona ama-granite aphinki, ampunga, namnyama ahamba kahle kakhulu kumapuleti angaphezulu, kanye nama-granite amnyama, ampunga, naphinki angafaneleki ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa okunembayo.Izici ezibalulekile ze-granite, njengoba ziphathelene nokusetshenziswa kwayo njenge-surface plate material, azihlangene nombala, futhi zimi kanje:
■ Ukuqina (ukuchezuka ngaphansi komthwalo - kuboniswa yi-Modulus of Elasticity)
■ Ubulukhuni
■ Ukuminyana
■ Ukumelana nokugqoka
■ Ukuzinza
■ I-Porosity

Sihlole izinto eziningi ze-granite futhi saqhathanisa lezi zinto.Ekugcineni sithola umphumela, i-Jinan black granite iyimpahla engcono kakhulu esake sayazi.Igwadule elimnyama laseNdiya kanye negwadle laseNingizimu Afrika ziyafana neJinan Black Granite, kodwa izakhiwo zazo ezibonakalayo zingaphansi kweJinan Black Granite.I-ZHHIMG izoqhubeka nokubheka izinto eziningi ze-granite emhlabeni futhi iqhathanise izakhiwo zayo ezibonakalayo.

Ukuze ukhulume kabanzi ngegwadle elilungele iphrojekthi yakho, sicela usithinteinfo@zhhimg.com.

Abakhiqizi abahlukene basebenzisa amazinga ahlukene.Kunamazinga amaningi emhlabeni.
I-DIN Standard, ASME B89.3.7-2013 noma Federal Specification GGG-P-463c (Granite Surface Plates) nokunye njengesisekelo sokucaciswa kwazo.

Futhi singakwazi ukwenza ipuleti lokuhlola ukunemba kwe-granite ngokwezidingo zakho.Siyakwamukela ukuthintana nathi uma ufuna ukwazi ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana namazinga amaningi.

I-flatness ingabhekwa njengawo wonke amaphuzu angaphezulu aqukethwe ngaphakathi kwezindiza ezimbili ezifanayo, indiza eyisisekelo kanye nendiza yophahla.Isilinganiso sebanga phakathi kwezindiza wukucaba kwendawo yonke.Lesi silinganiso sokucaba sivame ukubekezelela futhi singabandakanya ukuqokwa kwebanga.

Isibonelo, ukubekezelelwa kokucaba kwamabanga amathathu ajwayelekile kuchazwa ekucacisweni kombuso njengoba kunqunywa ifomula elandelayo:
■ Ibanga Laselabhorethri AA = (40 + diagonal squared/25) x .000001" (uhlangothi olulodwa)
■ IBanga Lokuhlola A = IBanga Laselabhorethri AA x 2
■ Igumbi Lamathuluzi IBanga B = IBanga Laselabhorethri AA x 4.

Kumapuleti angaphezulu anosayizi obujwayelekile, siqinisekisa ukubekezelela ukucaba okudlula izimfuneko zalokhu kucaciswa.Ngaphezu kokucaba, izihloko zekheli le-ASME B89.3.7-2013 & Federal Specification GGG-P-463c ezihlanganisa: ukunemba kokulinganisa okuphindayo, izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zamatshe agwadule angaphezulu, ukuphela kwendawo, indawo yokusekela, ukuqina, izindlela zokuhlola ezamukelekayo, ukufakwa okufakiwe okufakwe imicu, njll.

Amapuleti angaphezulu egwadle e-ZHHIMG namapuleti okuhlola egwadle ahlangabezana noma adlule zonke izimfuneko ezibalulwe kulokhu kucaciswa.Okwamanje, akukho ukucaciswa okuchazayo kwamapuleti e-engeli egwadule, ama-parallel, noma izikwele eziyinhloko.

Futhi ungathola amafomula amanye amazinga kuLANDA.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukugcina ipuleti lihlanzekile.Uthuli oluqhunyiswa emoyeni ngokuvamile luwumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokuguga nokudabuka epuletini, njengoba luvamise ukushumeka ezicucu zokusebenza nasezindaweni zokuthintana zamageji.Okwesibili, vala ipuleti lakho ukuze ulivikele othulini nasekulimaleni.Impilo yokugqoka inganwetshwa ngokumboza ipuleti lapho lingasetshenziswa, ngokuzungezisa ipuleti ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze indawo eyodwa ingatholi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile, nangokushintsha amaphedi okuxhumana ensimbi kugeji ngamaphedi e-carbide.Futhi, gwema ukubeka ukudla noma iziphuzo ezibandayo epuletini.Qaphela ukuthi iziphuzo ezibandayo eziningi ziqukethe i-carbonic noma i-phosphoric acid, engancibilikisa amaminerali athambile futhi ishiye imigodi emincane phezulu.

Lokhu kuncike ekutheni ipuleti lisetshenziswa kanjani.Uma kungenzeka, sincoma ukuhlanza ipuleti ekuqaleni kosuku (noma ishifu yomsebenzi) futhi futhi ekugcineni.Uma ipuleti lingcoliswa, ikakhulukazi uketshezi olunamafutha noma olunamathelayo, kufanele lihlanzwe ngokushesha.

Hlanza ipuleti njalo ngoketshezi noma i-ZHHIMG yokuhlanza amapuleti angenamanzi.Ukukhethwa kwezixazululo zokuhlanza kubalulekile.Uma kusetshenziswa i-solvent eguquguqukayo (i-acetone, i-lacquer thinner, utshwala, njll.) ukuhwamuka kuzopholisa phezulu, futhi kuphazamise.Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuvumela ipuleti ukuthi lijwayele ngaphambi kokulisebenzisa noma amaphutha okulinganisa azokwenzeka.

Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze ipuleti lizinze lizohluka ngosayizi wepuleti, kanye nenani lokupholisa.Ihora kufanele lanele amapuleti amancane.Kungase kudingeke amahora amabili amapuleti amakhulu.Uma kusetshenziswa okokuhlanza okusekelwe emanzini, kuzoba khona nokuhwamuka okuthile.

Ipuleti lizophinda ligcine amanzi, futhi lokhu kungase kubangele ukugqwala kwezingxenye zensimbi ezithintana nendawo engaphezulu.Abanye abahlanzi bazophinde bashiye insalela enamathelayo ngemva kokoma, okuzoheha uthuli oluphuma emoyeni, futhi empeleni kukhulise ukuguga, kunokuba kunciphise.

Lokhu kuncike ekusetshenzisweni kwepuleti nendawo ezungezile.Sincoma ukuthi ipuleti elisha noma insiza ye-granite enembile ithole ukulinganiswa kabusha okugcwele phakathi nonyaka owodwa wokuthenga.Uma i-granite surface plate izobona ukusetshenziswa okunzima, kungase kube ukuhlakanipha ukufinyeza lesi sikhawu sibe izinyanga eziyisithupha.Ukuhlolwa kwanyanga zonke kwamaphutha okulinganisa okuphindayo kusetshenziswa ileveli ye-elekthronikhi, noma idivayisi efanayo izobonisa noma yiziphi izindawo zokuguga ezikhulayo futhi kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela ukwenza.Ngemuva kokuthi imiphumela yokulinganiswa kabusha kokuqala isinqunyiwe, isikhawu sokulinganisa singanwetshwa noma sifinyezwe njengoba kuvunyelwe noma kudingwa isistimu yakho yekhwalithi yangaphakathi.

Singakunikeza isevisi ukukusiza ukuthi uhlole futhi ulinganise ipuleti lakho elingaphezulu legwadle.

Kunezizathu eziningana ezingabangela ukuhluka phakathi kokulinganisa:

• Indawo yayigezwa ngesisombululo esishisayo noma esibandayo ngaphambi kokulinganisa, futhi yayingavunyelwe isikhathi esanele sokujwayela.
• Ipuleti alisekelwa ngendlela engafanele
• Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa
• Okusalungiswa
• Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile noma okunye ukushisa okukhazimulayo ebusweni bepuleti.Qiniseka ukuthi ukukhanyisa phezulu akushisi indawo
• Ukwehluka kwezinga lokushisa elime mpo phakathi kobusika nehlobo (Uma kungenzeka, yazi izinga lokushisa elime mpo ngesikhathi ukulinganisa kwenziwa.)
• Ipuleti alivunyelwe isikhathi esanele sokujwayela ngemuva kokuthunyelwa
• Ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwempahla yokuhlola noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingakaliwe
• Ukushintsha kobuso ngenxa yokuguga

Zingaki izinhlobo zemigodi kugwadule olunembayo ?

Izikhala ku-Precision Granite Components

Emafekthri amaningi, amagumbi okuhlola namalabhorethri, amapuleti angaphezulu egwadle okunembayo kuthenjelwe kuwo njengesisekelo sokulinganisa okunembile.Ngenxa yokuthi zonke izilinganiso zomugqa zincike endaweni eyinkomba enembile lapho kuthathwa khona ubukhulu bokugcina, amapuleti angaphezulu ahlinzeka ngendiza eyinkomba engcono kakhulu yokuhlolwa komsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo ngaphambi komshini.Futhi ayizisekelo ezikahle zokwenza izilinganiso zobude kanye nezindawo zokugawula.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga eliphezulu lokusicaba, ukuzinza, ikhwalithi iyonke kanye nokusebenza kahle kubenza babe yisinqumo esihle sokukhweza amasistimu egeji emishini eyinkimbinkimbi, e-electronic kanye ne-optical.Kunoma iyiphi yalezi zinqubo zokulinganisa, kubalulekile ukugcina amapuleti angaphezulu elinganiselwe.

Phinda Izilinganiso kanye Flatness

Kokubili ukucaba nokuphindaphinda izilinganiso kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe indawo enembayo.I-flatness ingabhekwa njengawo wonke amaphuzu angaphezulu aqukethwe ngaphakathi kwezindiza ezimbili ezifanayo, indiza eyisisekelo kanye nendiza yophahla.Isilinganiso sebanga phakathi kwezindiza wukucaba kwendawo yonke.Lesi silinganiso sokucaba sivame ukubekezelela futhi singabandakanya ukuqokwa kwebanga.

Ukubekezelela ukucabana kwamabanga amathathu ajwayelekile kuchazwa ekucacisweni kombuso njengoba kunqunywa ifomula elandelayo:

I-DIN Standard, i-GB Standard, i-ASME Standard, i-JJS ejwayelekile... izwe elihlukile elinesitendi esihlukile...

Imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana ne-standard.

Ngaphezu kokuqina, ukuphindaphinda kufanele kuqinisekiswe.Ukulinganisa okuphindayo ukukalwa kwezindawo eziphansi zendawo.Kuyisilinganiso esithathwa noma yikuphi phezu kwepuleti elizophinda ngaphakathi kokubekezelelana okushiwo.Ukulawula ukucaba kwendawo ukuze kube nokubekezelelana okuqinile kunokucaba sekukonke kuqinisekisa ushintsho kancane kancane kuphrofayela yokucaba kwendawo, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe amaphutha endawo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ipuleti elingaphezulu lihlangabezana nakho kokubili ukucaba nokucaciswa kokulinganisa okuphindayo, abakhiqizi bamapuleti angaphezulu kwegwadle kufanele basebenzise i-Federal Specification GGG-P-463c njengesisekelo sokucaciswa kwabo.Leli zinga likhuluma ngokunemba kokulinganisa okuphindaphindwayo, izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo ze-surface plate granite, isiphetho esingaphezulu, indawo yephoyinti lokusekela, ukuqina, izindlela ezamukelekayo zokuhlola nokufakwa kwezinto ezifakiwe ezinentambo.

Ihlola Ukunemba Kwepuleti

Ngokulandela iziqondiso ezimbalwa ezilula, ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-granite surface plate kufanele kuhlale iminyaka eminingi.Ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kwepuleti, indawo yesitolo nokunemba okudingekayo, imvamisa yokuhlola ukunemba kwepuleti elingaphezulu liyahlukahluka.Umthetho ojwayelekile owokuthi ipuleti elisha lithole ukulinganiswa kabusha okugcwele phakathi nonyaka owodwa wokuthenga.Uma ipuleti lisetshenziswa njalo, kuyatuseka ukuthi lesi sikhawu sifinyezwe sibe yizinyanga eziyisithupha.

Ngaphambi kokuthi ipuleti elingaphezulu ligqokwe ngaphezu kokucaciswa kokucaba okuphelele, lizobonisa izigxobo ezigugile noma ezinamagagasi.Ukuhlolwa kwanyanga zonke kwamaphutha okulinganisa okuphinda kusetshenziswa igeji yokufunda ephindayo kuzokhomba izindawo ezigugile.Igaji yokufunda ephindayo iyithuluzi elinemba okuphezulu elithola iphutha lasendaweni futhi lingaboniswa kusikhulisi se-electronic magnification high.

Uhlelo lokuhlola olusebenzayo kufanele lubandakanye ukuhlola okuvamile nge-autocollimator, okuhlinzeka ngokulinganiswa kwangempela kokucaba okuphelele okulandelekayo ku-National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).Ukulinganisa okuphelele komkhiqizi noma inkampani ezimele kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ezithile.

Izinguquko Phakathi Kwezilinganiso

Kwezinye izimo, kukhona ukuhluka phakathi kokulinganisa kwamapuleti angaphezulu.Kwesinye isikhathi izinto ezinjengokushintsha kwendawo okubangelwa ukuguga, ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwempahla yokuhlola noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingalinganiselwe zingabalela lokhu kuhlukahluka.Nokho, izici ezimbili ezivame kakhulu izinga lokushisa nokusekela.

Enye yezinto eziguquguqukayo ezibaluleke kakhulu izinga lokushisa.Isibonelo, indawo engaphezulu kungenzeka ukuthi igezwe ngesisombululo esishisayo noma esibandayo ngaphambi kokulinganisa futhi akuvunyelwe isikhathi esanele sokujwayela.Ezinye izimbangela zokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa zihlanganisa okusalungiswa komoya obandayo noma oshisayo, ukukhanya kwelanga, ukukhanya okungaphezulu noma eminye imithombo yokushisa okukhazimulayo ebusweni bepuleti.

Kungase futhi kube nokuhluka kwezinga lokushisa eliqondile phakathi kobusika nehlobo.Kwezinye izimo, ipuleti alivunyelwe isikhathi esanele sokujwayela ngemva kokuthunyelwa.Kungumqondo omuhle ukurekhoda izinga lokushisa elime mpo ngesikhathi ukulinganisa kwenziwa.

Esinye isizathu esivamile sokuhlukahluka kokulinganisa ipuleti elingasekelwa ngokungafanele.Ipuleti elingaphezulu kufanele lisekelwe emaphuzwini amathathu, abekwe ngokufanelekile angama-20% ubude ukusuka ekugcineni kwepuleti.Izisekelo ezimbili kufanele zibekwe ku-20% wobubanzi phakathi ukusuka ezinhlangothini ezinde, futhi ukusekelwa okusele kufanele kugxile.

Amaphuzu amathathu kuphela angahlala aqinile kunoma yini ngaphandle kwendawo enembayo.Ukuzama ukusekela ipuleti ngamaphuzu angaphezu kwamathathu kuzokwenza ukuthi ipuleti lithole ukwesekwa kwalo ezinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene zamaphuzu amathathu, okungeke kube amaphuzu amathathu afanayo lapho lisekelwa khona ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.Lokhu kuzokwethula amaphutha njengoba ipuleti lichezuka ukuze lihambisane nokuhlelwa okusha kosekelo.Cabangela ukusebenzisa izitendi zensimbi ezinemishayo yokusekela eklanyelwe ukuhambisana namaphoyinti afanele okusekela.Izitendi zale njongo zivame ukutholakala kumkhiqizi wamapuleti angaphezulu.

Uma ipuleti lisekelwa kahle, ukulinganisa okunembile kuyadingeka kuphela uma isicelo sikucacisa.Ukulinganisa akudingekile ukuze kugcinwe ukunemba kwepuleti elisekelwe kahle.

Nweba Impilo YePlate

Ukulandela imihlahlandlela embalwa kuzonciphisa ukuguga kwepuleti le-granite elingaphezulu futhi ekugcineni, kunwebe impilo yalo.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukugcina ipuleti lihlanzekile.Uthuli oluqhunyiswa emoyeni ngokuvamile luwumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokuguga nokudabuka epuletini, njengoba luvamise ukushumeka ezintweni zokusebenza nasezindaweni zokuthintana zamageji.

Kubalulekile futhi ukumboza amapuleti ukuze uvikeleke othulini nasekulimaleni.Impilo yokugqoka inganwetshwa ngokumboza ipuleti uma lingasetshenziswa.

Zungezisa ipuleti ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze indawo eyodwa ingatholi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile.Futhi, kunconywa ukuthi kuthathelwe indawo amaphedi okuxhumana ensimbi ku-gauging ngamaphedi e-carbide.

Gwema ukubeka ukudla noma iziphuzo ezibandayo epuletini.Iziphuzo ezibandayo eziningi zine-carbonic noma i-phosphoric acid, engancibilikisa amaminerali athambile futhi ishiye imigodi emincane phezulu.

Lapho Ozobuyela Khona

Uma ipuleti elingaphezulu kwegwadle lidinga ukuphinde libekwe phezulu, cabanga ukuthi le sevisi yenziwe endaweni noma endaweni yokulinganisa.Kuhlale kuncono ukuthi ipuleti liphinde libuyele embonini noma endaweni ezinikele.Kodwa-ke, uma ipuleti lingagqokile kabi kakhulu, ngokuvamile phakathi kweyintshi engu-0.001 yokubekezelelana okudingekayo, lingaphinde livulwe esizeni.Uma ipuleti ligqokwe lifike endaweni lapho lingaphezu kuka-0.001 intshi ngenxa yokubekezelelana, noma uma libhodlozwe kabi noma lifakwe i-nicked, kufanele lithunyelwe efekthri ukuze ligaywe ngaphambi kokuphinda liphindwe.

Indawo yokulinganisa inemishini kanye nesethingi yefekthri ehlinzeka ngezimo ezikahle zokulinganiswa kwepuleti okufanele nokusebenza kabusha uma kunesidingo.

Kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu ekukhetheni uchwepheshe osebenza endaweni yokulinganisa nokufaka kabusha izulu.Cela ukugunyazwa futhi uqinisekise ukuthi okokusebenza okuzosetshenziswa uchwepheshe kunokulinganiswa okulandelekayo.Okuhlangenwe nakho nakho kuyisici esibalulekile, njengoba kuthatha iminyaka eminingi ukufunda indlela yokuhlanganisa ngokunembile igwadle.

Izilinganiso ezibucayi ziqala ngepuleti eliphezulu legwadle elinembayo njengesisekelo.Ngokuqinisekisa ireferensi ethembekile ngokusebenzisa ipuleti langaphezulu elilinganiswe kahle, abakhiqizi banethuluzi elilodwa elibalulekile lokulinganisa okuthembekile nezingxenye zekhwalithi engcono.Q

Uhlu lokuhlola Izinguquko Zokulinganisa

1. Ubuso bugezwe ngesisombululo esishisayo noma esibandayo ngaphambi kokulinganisa futhi akuvunyelwe isikhathi esanele sokujwayela.

2. Ipuleti alisekelwa ngendlela engafanele.

3. Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.

4. Okusalungiswa.

5. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile noma okunye ukushisa okukhazimulayo ebusweni bepuleti.Qiniseka ukuthi ukukhanyisa phezulu akushisi indawo.

6. Ukwehluka kwezinga lokushisa elime mpo phakathi kobusika nehlobo.Uma kungenzeka, yazi izinga lokushisa elime mpo ngesikhathi ukulinganisa kwenziwa.

7. Ipuleti alivunyelwe isikhathi esanele sokujwayela ngemuva kokuthunyelwa.

8. Ukusetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele kwempahla yokuhlola noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingalinganiselwe.

9. Ukushintsha kwendawo okubangelwa ukuguga.

Amathiphu Obuchwepheshe

• Ngenxa yokuthi zonke izilinganiso zomugqa zincike endaweni eyinkomba enembile lapho kuthathwa khona ubukhulu bokugcina, amapuleti angaphezulu ahlinzeka ngendiza eyinkomba engcono kakhulu yokuhlolwa komsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo ngaphambi komshini.
• Ukulawula ukucaba kwendawo ukuze kube nokubekezelelana okuqinile kunokucaba sekukonke kuqinisekisa ushintsho kancane kancane kuphrofayela yokucaba kwendawo, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe amaphutha endawo.
• Uhlelo lokuhlola olusebenzayo kufanele lubandakanye ukuhlola okuvamile nge-autocollimator, okuhlinzeka ngokulinganiswa kwangempela kokucaba okuphelele okulandelekayo ku-National Inspection Authority.

Phakathi kwezinhlayiya zamaminerali ezakha i-granite, ngaphezu kwe-90% yi-feldspar ne-quartz, okuyi-feldspar kakhulu.I-feldspar ivame ukuba mhlophe, grey, futhi inyama-bomvu, futhi i-quartz ngokuvamile ayinambala noma emhlophe empunga, eyakha umbala oyisisekelo we-granite.I-Feldspar ne-quartz ngamaminerali aqinile, futhi kunzima ukuhamba ngommese wensimbi.Ngokuqondene namabala amnyama egwadle, ikakhulukazi i-mica emnyama, akhona amanye amaminerali.Nakuba i-biotite ithambile, ikhono layo lokumelana nokucindezeleka alibuthakathaka, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo banenani elincane ku-granite, ngokuvamile elingaphansi kuka-10%.Lesi yisimo sezinto ezibonakalayo lapho igwadle liqine khona ngokukhethekile.

Esinye isizathu esenza i-granite iqine ukuthi izinhlayiya zayo zamaminerali ziboshwe ngokuqinile komunye nomunye futhi zifakwe komunye nomunye.Izimbotshana zivame ukubala ngaphansi kwe-1% yenani lomthamo wetshe.Lokhu kunikeza i-granite ikhono lokumelana nezingcindezi ezinamandla futhi ayingenwa kalula ngumswakama.

Izingxenye ze-Granite zenziwe ngamatshe angenawo ukugqwala, ukumelana ne-asidi ne-alkali, ukumelana nokugqoka okuhle nokuphila isikhathi eside, akukho ukulungiswa okukhethekile.Izingxenye zokunemba ze-Granite zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwamathuluzi embonini yemishini.Ngakho-ke, zibizwa ngokuthi izingxenye ze-granite ngokunemba noma izingxenye ze-granite.Izici zezingxenye zokunemba zegwadle ngokuyisisekelo ziyefana nalezo zamapulatifomu egwadle.Isethulo samathuluzi nesilinganiso sezingxenye zokunemba zegwadle: Ukwenziwa ngokunemba kanye nobuchwepheshe bomshini omncane kuyizikhombisi-ndlela ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokukhiqiza imishini, futhi seziphenduke inkomba ebalulekile yokukala izinga lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nemboni yezokuvikela ayinakuhlukaniswa nokunemba kwemishini kanye nobuchwepheshe bomshini omncane.Izingxenye ze-Granite zingasheleleka kahle esilinganisweni, ngaphandle kokuma.Ukukalwa kwendawo yokusebenza, imihuzuko evamile akuthinti ukunemba kokulinganisa.Izingxenye ze-Granite zidinga ukuklanywa futhi zikhiqizwe ngokuvumelana nezidingo zohlangothi lwesidingo.

Inkambu yohlelo lokusebenza:

Njengoba sonke sazi ukuthi iyanda imishini nemishini ekhetha izingxenye zegwadle ngokunemba.

Izingxenye ze-Granite zisetshenziselwa ukunyakaza okuguquguqukayo, ama-motor aqondile, i-cmm, i-cnc, umshini we-laser...

wamukelekile ukuthi usithinte ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Imishini yokulinganisa ye-Granite kanye nezingxenye zemishini zegwadle zenziwe ngegwadle elisezingeni eliphezulu laseJinan Black.Ngenxa yokunemba kwazo okuphezulu, ubude besikhathi eside, ukuzinza okuhle nokumelana nokugqwala, ziye zasetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlolweni komkhiqizo wemboni yesimanje kanye nezindawo zesayensi ezifana ne-mechanical aero space kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi.

Izinzuzo

-----Kuphindwe kabili njengensimbi;

---- Izinguquko ezincane zobukhulu zibangelwa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa;

-----Akunakuphazamiseka, ngakho-ke akukho ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi;

----Ikhululekile kuma-burrs noma ama-protrusions ngenxa yesakhiwo esihle sokusanhlamvu nokunamathela okungasho lutho, okuqinisekisa izinga eliphezulu lokuhlala phansi phakathi nempilo ende yesevisi futhi ingabangeli monakalo kwezinye izingxenye noma amathuluzi;

----Ukusebenza okungenazinkinga okuzosetshenziswa ngezinto kazibuthe;

----Ukuphila isikhathi eside nokungagqwali, okuholela ezindlekweni zokunakekela eziphansi.

Amapuleti angaphezulu kwegwadle anembe ahlanganiswe ngokunemba ezingeni eliphezulu lokusicaba ukuze afinyelele ukunemba futhi asetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokukhweza amasistimu wokukala omshini, kagesi kanye nawokubona.

Ezinye izici eziyingqayizivele ze-granite surface plate:

Ukufana ngobulukhuni;

Nembe ngaphansi komthwalo Izimo;

I-Vibration Absorbent;

Kulula Ukuhlanza;

Ukugoqa Ukumelana;

I-Porosity ephansi;

Ayina-Abrasive;

Okungewona Uzibuthe

Izinzuzo ze-Granite Surface Plate

Okokuqala, idwala emva kwesikhathi eside sokuguga kwemvelo, isakhiwo esifanayo, ubuncane be-coefficient, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kuyanyamalala ngokuphelele, hhayi ukukhubazeka, ngakho ukunemba kuphezulu.

Okwesibili, ngeke kube khona imihuzuko, hhayi ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziqhubekayo, ekamelweni lokushisa kungase futhi kugcinwe ukunemba kokulinganisa izinga lokushisa.

Okwesithathu, hhayi i-magnetization, ukulinganisa kungaba ukunyakaza okubushelelezi, akukho umuzwa we-creaky, ongathinteki umswakama, indiza ihleliwe.

Okwesine, ukuqina kuhle, ubulukhuni buphezulu, ukumelana nokuhuzuka kunamandla.

Ezinhlanu, ungesabi i-asidi, ukuguguleka kwe-alkaline liquid, ngeke ukugqwala, akudingeki upende uwoyela, akulula ukunamathela othulini oluncane, ukugcinwa, kulula ukuyigcina, impilo ende yesevisi.

Kungani ukhetha isisekelo se-granite esikhundleni sombhede we-cast iron machine?

1. Isisekelo somshini we-Granite singagcina ukunemba okuphezulu kunesisekelo somshini wensimbi.isisekelo somshini we-cast iron sithinteka kalula ngenxa yokushisa nomswakama kodwa isisekelo somshini we-granite ngeke;

2. Ngosayizi ofanayo wesisekelo somshini we-granite kanye nesisekelo se-cast iron, isisekelo somshini we-granite sibiza kakhulu kune-cast iron;

3. Isisekelo somshini okhethekile we-granite kulula ukuqedwa kunesisekelo somshini wensimbi.

Amapuleti angaphezulu kwegwadle angamathuluzi abalulekile kumalebhu okuhlola ezweni lonke.Indawo elinganisiwe, eyisicaba ngokwedlulele ye-surface plate ivumela abahloli ukuthi bayisebenzise njengesisekelo sokuhlola ingxenye kanye nokulinganiswa kwezinsimbi.Ngaphandle kokuzinza okunikezwa amapuleti angaphezulu, izingxenye eziningi ezibekezelelwa ngokuqinile emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezobuchwepheshe nezokwelapha kungaba nzima kakhulu, noma kungenzeki, ukuzikhiqiza ngendlela efanele.Yiqiniso, ukusebenzisa i-granite surface block ukuze ulinganise futhi uhlole ezinye izinto kanye namathuluzi, ukunemba kwe-granite ngokwayo kufanele kuhlolwe.Abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukulinganisa ipuleti elingaphezulu legranite ukuze baqinisekise ukunemba kwalo.

Hlanza i-granite surface plate ngaphambi kokulinganisa.Thela inani elincane le-surface plate cleaner engutsheni ehlanzekile, ethambile bese usula ingaphezulu legwadle.Ngokushesha sula okokuhlanza epuleti elingaphezulu ngendwangu eyomile.Ungavumeli uketshezi lokuhlanza lome emoyeni.

Beka i-gauge yokulinganisa ephindayo phakathi nendawo ye-granite surface plate.

Zero igeji yokulinganisa ephindayo ebusweni bepuleti legwadle.

Hambisa igeji kancane kancane ebusweni begwadle.Buka inkomba yegeji futhi urekhode iziqongo zanoma ikuphi ukuhluka kobude njengoba uhambisa insimbi kupuleti.

Qhathanisa ukuhluka kokucaba endaweni yonkana yepuleti nokubekezelela i-surface plate yakho, okuhlukayo kuye ngosayizi wepuleti kanye nebanga le-granite.Bheka ukucaciswa kombuso we-GGG-P-463c (bona Izinsiza) ukuze unqume ukuthi ingabe ipuleti lakho liyahlangabezana yini nezimfuneko zokucaba ngosayizi kanye nebanga.Umehluko phakathi kwephuzu eliphakeme kunawo wonke epuletini kanye nephuzu eliphansi kunazo zonke epuletini isilinganiso salo sokucaba.

Hlola ukuthi ukujula okukhulu kakhulu okungaphezulu kwendawo yepuleti kuwela ngaphakathi kwezicaciso zokuphindaphinda zepuleti lalowo sayizi nebanga.Bheka ukucaciswa kombuso kwe-GGG-P-463c (bona Izinsiza) ukuze unqume ukuthi ipuleti lakho liyahlangabezana yini nezimfuneko zokuphindaphinda ngosayizi walo.Yenqaba ipuleti elingaphezulu uma ngisho nephoyinti elilodwa lehluleka izimfuneko zokuphindaphinda.

Yeka ukusebenzisa i-granite surface plate ehlulekayo ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko zikahulumeni.Buyisela ipuleti kumkhiqizi noma enkampanini engaphezulu yegwadle ukuze ibhulokhi lipholishwe kabusha ukuze lihlangabezane nezimfuneko.

Ithiphu

Yenza ukulinganisa okusemthethweni okungenani kanye ngonyaka, nakuba amapuleti angaphezulu egwadle abona ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kufanele alinganiswe kaningi.

Ukulinganisa okusemthethweni, okurekhodikayo endaweni yokukhiqiza noma yokuhlola kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi noma umthengisi wamasevisi okulinganisa angaphandle, nakuba noma ubani engasebenzisa igeji yokulinganisa ephindaphindayo ukuze ahlole ngokungakahleleki ipuleti elingaphezulu ngaphambi kokulisebenzisa.

Umlando Wakuqala Wezicwecwe Ezingaphezulu ZeGranite

Ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe II, Abakhiqizi basebenzisa ama-Steel Surface Plates ukuze bahlole izingxenye.Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II isidingo sensimbi sanda kakhulu, futhi inqwaba ye-Steel Surface Plates yancibilika.Kwakudingeka ukushintshwa, futhi iGranite yaba into ekhethwayo ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziphakeme ze-metrological.

Izinzuzo eziningana zegwadle ngaphezu kwensimbi zaba sobala.I-Granite iqinile, nakuba i-brittle futhi ingaphansi kokuqhekeka.Ungakwazi ukugoqa iGranite ibe isicaba esikhulu futhi ngokushesha kunensimbi.I-Granite nayo inendawo efiselekayo yokunwetshwa okushisayo okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ipuleti lensimbi lidinga ukulungiswa, kwakudingeka likulwe ngesandla izingcweti ezazisebenzisa amakhono azo ekwakheni kabusha amathuluzi omshini.

Njengenothi eseceleni, amanye ama-Steel Surface Plates asasetshenziswa nanamuhla.

Izakhiwo ze-Metrological zama-Granite Plates

I-Granite idwala elivuthayo elakhiwe ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo.Uma kuqhathaniswa, imabula i-limestone ye-metamorphosed.Ngokusetshenziswa kwe-metrology, i-granite ekhethiwe kufanele ihlangabezane nezimfuneko ezithile ezishiwo ku-Federal Specification GGG-P-463c, kusukela manje kuqhubeke ebizwa ngokuthi i-Fed Specs, futhi ngokukhethekile, Ingxenye 3.1 3.1 Phakathi Kwezicaciso Ze-Fed, igwadle kufanele libe inhlawulo ukuya kokuthungwa okumaphakathi.

I-Granite iyimpahla eqinile, kodwa ubulukhuni bayo buyahlukahluka ngenxa yezizathu eziningana.Uchwepheshe wepuleti legwadle onolwazi angalinganisa ubulukhuni ngombala wayo oyinkomba yokuqukethwe kwayo kwequartz.Ukuqina kwe-Granite kuyisici esichazwe ngokwengxenye ngenani lokuqukethwe kwe-quartz kanye nokuntuleka kwe-mica.Ama-granite abomvu ne-pink avame ukuba nzima kakhulu, ama-gray anobunzima obuphakathi, kanti amnyama athambile kakhulu.

I-Young's Modulus of Elasticity isetshenziselwa ukuveza ukuguquguquka noma inkomba yokuqina kwetshe.I-pink granite ilinganisa amaphuzu angu-3-5 esikalini, ama-gray amaphuzu angu-5-7 kanti abamnyama amaphuzu angu-7-10.Uma inombolo encane, i-granite ivame ukuba nzima.Inkulu inombolo, igwadle ethambile futhi nezimo more.Kubalulekile ukwazi ubulukhuni beGranite lapho ukhetha ubukhulu obudingekayo kumamaki okubekezelela kanye nesisindo sezingxenye namageji abekwe phezu kwawo.

Ezinsukwini zakudala lapho kwakukhona ochwepheshe bemishini bangempela, abaziwa ngezincwajana zabo zetafula lama-trig emaphaketheni amahembe, igwagwa elimnyama lalibhekwa “njengelingcono kakhulu.”Okungcono kakhulu kuchazwa njengohlobo olunikeze ukumelana kakhulu ukugqoka noma okunzima kakhulu.Enye i-drawback ukuthi ama-granite aqinile ajwayele ukucwilisa noma ukucula kalula.Ama-machinists ayeqiniseka kakhulu ukuthi i-granite emnyama yayingcono kakhulu kangangokuthi abanye abakhiqizi be-granite ebomvana babadaya abamnyama.

Ngizibonele mathupha ipuleti elehliswa ku-forklift lapho lisuswa endaweni yokugcina.Ipuleti lashaya phansi lahlukana kabili liveza umbala ophinki wangempela.Qaphela uma uhlela ukuthenga igwadle elimnyama e-China.Sincoma ukuthi uchithe imali yakho ngenye indlela.Ipuleti legwadle lingahluka ngobulukhuni ngaphakathi kwalo.I-streak ye-quartz ingaba nzima kakhulu kune-surface plate.Ungqimba lwe-gabbro emnyama lungenza indawo ithambe kakhulu.Ochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe kahle, abanolwazi lokulungisa amapuleti angaphezulu bayakwazi ukuphatha lezi zindawo ezithambile.

I-Surface Plate Amabanga

Kunamabanga amane amapuleti angaphezulu.IBanga leLabhorethri AA no-A, Ukuhlolwa Kwegumbi IBanga B, kanti elesine yiBanga Lokusebenzela.I-AA yeBanga kanye no-A yizona ezihamba phambili ezinokubekezelela ukucaba okungcono kuno-0.00001 kupuleti leBanga le-AA.AmaBanga e-Workshop okuyiwona angamafulethi amancane futhi njengoba igama lisho, enzelwe ukusetshenziswa emagumbini amathuluzi.Lapho iBanga AA, iBanga A kanye neBanga B kuhloswe ngalo ukusetshenziswa endaweni yokuhlola noma yokulawula ikhwalithi.

PUkuhlolwa kwe-roper For Surface Plate Calibration

Bengilokhu ngitshela amakhasimende ami ukuthi ngingakhipha noma yimuphi umntwana oneminyaka engu-10 ebandleni lami futhi ngibafundise ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje ukuhlola ipuleti.Akunzima.Idinga indlela ethile yokwenza umsebenzi ngokushesha, amasu umuntu awafunda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nokuphindaphinda okuningi.Kufanele ngikwazise, ​​futhi angikwazi ukugcizelela ngokwanele, I-Fed Spec GGG-P-463c AKUYONA inqubo yokulinganisa!Okuningi ngalokho kamuva.

Ukulinganiswa kokuhlolwa kwe-flatness sekukonke (Ifasitelana elisho ukuthini) kanye Nokuphindwaphindwa (ukugqokwa kwasendaweni) kuyadingeka Ngokuvumelana Nemibandela Ye-Fed.Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile kulokhu ngamapuleti amancane lapho ukuphindaphinda kuyadingeka kuphela.

Futhi, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu njengezinye izivivinyo, ukuhlolwa kwama-gradients ashisayo.(Bheka i-Delta T ngezansi)

Umfanekiso 1

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Flatness kunezindlela ezi-4 ezigunyaziwe.Amaleveli e-elekthronikhi, i-autocollimation, i-laser kanye nedivayisi eyaziwa ngokuthi isitholi sendiza.Sisebenzisa kuphela amaleveli e-elekthronikhi ngoba ayindlela enembe kakhulu futhi eshesha kakhulu ngezizathu ezimbalwa.

Ama-Lasers nama-autocollimators asebenzisa i-beam yokukhanya eqonde kakhulu njengereferensi.Umuntu wenza isilinganiso sobuqotho sepuleti lengaphezulu legwadle ngokuqhathanisa ukuhluka kwebanga phakathi kwe-surface plate kanye ne-light beam.Ngokuthatha i-beam yokukhanya eqondile, uyishaye kuthagethi yesibonisi kuyilapho uhambisa okuqondiwe kwesibonisi phansi kwepuleti elingaphezulu, ibanga eliphakathi kwe-beam ekhishiwe kanye ne-return beam isilinganiso sokuqondisa.

Nansi inkinga ngale ndlela.Okuqondiwe kanye nomthombo kuthintwa ukudlidliza, izinga lokushisa le-ambient, okuqondiwe okungaphansi kwesicaba noma okuklwetshiwe, ukungcoliswa emoyeni, nokunyakaza komoya (ama-currents).Konke lokhu kunikela ngezingxenye ezengeziwe zephutha.Ngaphezu kwalokho, umnikelo wephutha lomsebenzisi ovela ekuhlolweni nge-autocollimator mkhulu.

Umsebenzisi we-autocollimator onesipiliyoni angenza izilinganiso ezinembe kakhulu kodwa usabhekene nezinkinga zokungaguquguquki kokufundwa ikakhulukazi emabangeni amade njengoba ukuboniswa kuvame ukunwebeka noma ukufiphala kancane.Futhi, ithagethi engaphansi kunesicaba kanye nosuku olude lokulunguza ilensi kukhiqiza amaphutha engeziwe.

Idivayisi yokukhomba indiza iwubulima nje.Le divayisi isebenzisa okuthi kuqonde ngqo (uma kuqhathaniswa ne-collimated ngokwedlulele noma i-laser beam yokukhanya) njengereferensi yayo.Umshini womshini awusebenzisi nje inkomba evamise ukuba nokulungiswa okungu-20 u Intshi kuphela kodwa ukungaqondi kahle kwebha nezinto ezihlukile zengeza ngokuphawulekayo amaphutha esilinganisweni.Ngokombono wethu, nakuba indlela yamukelekile, ayikho ilebhu enekhono engasebenzisa idivayisi yokuthola indawo yendiza njengethuluzi lokugcina lokuhlola.

Amaleveli e-elekthronikhi asebenzisa amandla adonsela phansi njengereferensi yawo.Amaleveli e-elekthronikhi ahlukile awathintwa ukudlidliza.Zinokulungiswa okuphansi njengesekhondi elingu-.1 arc futhi izilinganiso ziyashesha, zinembile futhi kunomnikelo omncane kakhulu wephutha ovela ku-opharetha onolwazi.I-Plane Locators noma ama-autocollimator awanikezeli nge-topographical ekhiqizwe ngekhompuyutha (Umfanekiso 1) noma iziqephu ze-isometric (Umfanekiso 2) wendawo.

Umfanekiso 2

I-Flatness Efanelekile Yokuhlolwa Kwendawo

Ukucaba okulungile kokuhlolwa kwendawo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yaleli phepha okufanele ngabe ngilibeke ekuqaleni.Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-Fed Spec.I-GGG-p-463c AKUYONA indlela yokulinganisa.Isebenza njengenkomba yezici eziningi zegranite yebanga le-metrology umthengi wayo ohlosiwe okunoma iyiphi i-Federal Government Agency, futhi ehlanganisa izindlela zokuhlola nokubekezelela noma amamaki.Uma usonkontileka ethi uthobela i-Fed Specs, inani le-flatness lizonqunywa Indlela ye-Moody.

U-Moody wayenguzakwethu kusukela kudala ngeminyaka yawo-50's owasungula indlela yezibalo ukuze anqume ukucaba okuphelele kanye ne-akhawunti yokuma kwemigqa ehloliwe, ukuthi isondelene ngokwanele yini endizeni efanayo.Akukho okushintshile.I-Allied Signal yazama ukuthuthukisa indlela yezibalo kodwa yaphetha ngokuthi umehluko wawuncane kakhulu kwakungafaneleki umzamo.

Uma usonkontileka asebenzisa i-Electronic Levels noma i-laser, usebenzisa ikhompiyutha ukuze amsize ngokubala.Ngaphandle kosizo lwekhompyutha uchwepheshe osebenzisa i-autocollimation kufanele abale ukufundwa ngesandla.Eqinisweni, abakwenzi.Kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi ngokungagwegwesi kungase kube inselele kakhulu.Ekuhlolweni kokucaba kusetshenziswa i-Moody Method, uchwepheshe uhlola imigqa eyisishiyagalombili ekucushweni kwe-Union Jack ukuze aqonde.

Indlela ye-Moody

I-Moody Method iyindlela yezibalo yokunquma ukuthi imigqa eyisishiyagalombili ikundiza eyodwa yini.Uma kungenjalo, unemigqa eqondile engu-8 okungenzeka ibe noma ingekho noma isondele endizeni efanayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, usonkontileka othi uthobela i-Fed Spec, futhi usebenzisa i-autocollimation,kufanelekhiqiza amakhasi ayisishiyagalombili edatha.Ikhasi elilodwa lomugqa ngamunye ohloliwe ukufakazela ukuhlolwa kwakhe, ukulungisa, noma kokubili.Uma kungenjalo, usonkontileka akazi ukuthi liyini inani langempela le-flatness.

Ngiqinisekile uma ungomunye walabo abenza amapuleti akho alinganiswe usonkontileka esebenzisa i-autocollimation, awukaze uwabone lawo makhasi!Umfanekiso 3 uyisampulaeyodwa njeikhasi lesishiyagalombili elidingekayo ukuze kubalwe ukucaba okuphelele.Isibonakaliso esisodwa salokho kungazi nobubi ukuthi umbiko wakho unezinombolo eziyindilinga ezinhle.Isibonelo, 200, 400, 650, njll. Inani elibalwe kahle yinombolo yangempela.Isibonelo 325.4 u In.Lapho usonkontileka esebenzisa i-Moody Method yokubala, futhi uchwepheshe ebala amanani mathupha, kufanele uthole amakhasi ayisishiyagalombili okubala kanye nesakhiwo se-isometric.Isakhiwo se-isometric sibonisa ubude obuhlukahlukene emigqeni ehlukene nokuthi lingakanani ibanga elihlukanisa izindawo ezikhethiwe eziphambanayo.

Umfanekiso 3(Kuthatha amakhasi ayisishiyagalombili afana nalawa ukubala ukuthi flatness ngesandla. Qiniseka ukuthi uyabuza ukuthi kungani ungakutholi lokhu uma usonkontileka wakho esebenzisa i-autocollimation!)

Umfanekiso 4

Ochwepheshe be-Dimensional Gauge basebenzisa amaleveli ahlukile (Umfanekiso 4) njengamadivayisi akhethwayo ukulinganisa izinguquko zamaminithi ku-angularity ukusuka esiteshini sokulinganisa ukuya esiteshini.Amaleveli anokulungiswa okufika kumasekhondi angu-.1 arc (Amayintshi angu-5 kusetshenziswa u-4″ isihlibhi) azinze ngokwedlulele, awathintwa ukudlidliza, amabanga akalwa, amaza komoya, ukukhathala komsebenzisi, ukungcoliswa komoya nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezitholakala kwamanye amadivayisi. .Engeza usizo lwekhompiyutha, futhi umsebenzi uba ngokushesha, ukhiqize iziza ze-topographical kanye ne-isometric ezifakazela ukuqinisekiswa futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiswa.

Ukuhlolwa Okuphindaphindekayo Okufanelekile

Ukufunda ngokuphindaphindiwe noma ukuphindaphinda ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu.Izinto esizisebenzisayo ukwenza isivivinyo sokuphindaphinda ukuphinda ukufunda, i-LVDT kanye ne-amplifier edingekayo ekufundeni okunesinqumo esiphezulu.Setha i-amplifier ye-LVDT ekulungisweni okuncane okungu-10 u Amayintshi noma ama-intshi angu-5 ukuthola amapuleti okunemba okuphezulu.

Ukusebenzisa inkomba yomshini enesixazululo esingama-intshi angu-20 kuphela akusizi uma uzama ukuhlola isidingo sokuphindaphinda esingu-35 u amayintshi.Izinkomba zinokungaqiniseki okungama-intshi angu-40!Ukusethwa kokufunda okuphindayo kulingisa igeji yobude/ukulungiselelwa kwengxenye.

Ukuphindaphinda AKUFANANI nokuba flat jikelele (Indiza Esho lutho).Ngithanda ukucabanga ngokuphindaphinda ku-granite okubhekwa njengokulinganisa kwerediyasi okungaguquki.

Umfanekiso 5

Uma uhlola ukuphindaphinda kwebhola eliyindilinga, kusho ukuthi ukhombisile ukuthi irediyasi yebhola ayishintshile.(Iphrofayili efanelekile yepuleti elilungiswe kahle linomumo onomqhele oyiconvex.) Nokho, kuyabonakala ukuthi ibhola alisicaba.Awu, uhlobo.Ebangeni elifushane kakhulu, liyisicaba.Njengoba umsebenzi omningi wokuhlola uhilela igeji yokuphakama eduze kakhulu nengxenye, ukuphindaphinda kuba impahla ebaluleke kakhulu yepuleti legwadle.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi flatness iyonke ngaphandle uma umsebenzisi ehlola ubuqotho bengxenye ende.

Qiniseka ukuthi usonkontileka wakho wenza ukuhlolwa kokufunda okuphindayo.Ipuleti lingaphinda lifundeke ngokuphawulekayo ngenxa yokubekezelela kodwa liphinde liphumelele ukuhlolwa kokucaba!Kuyamangaza ukuthi ilebhu ingathola ukugunyazwa ekuhloleni okungabandakanyi ukuhlolwa kokufunda okuphindayo.Ilebhu engakwazi ukulungisa noma engeyinhle kakhulu ekulungiseni ikhetha ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokucaba kuphela.Ukucaba akuvamile ukushintsha ngaphandle uma uhambisa ipuleti.

Ukuhlola ukufunda okuphindaphindayo kulula ukukuhlola kodwa okunzima kakhulu ukukufeza lapho uxhashazwa.Qiniseka ukuthi usonkontileka wakho angakwazi ukubuyisela ukuphindaphindeka ngaphandle “kokugeza” okungaphezulu noma ukushiya amagagasi phezulu.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Delta T

Lokhu kuhlola kuhilela ukukala izinga lokushisa LAngempela letshe endaweni yalo engaphezulu kanye nendawo yalo engaphansi kanye nokubala umehluko, i-Delta T, ngokubika ngesitifiketi.

Kubalulekile ukwazi i-coefficient emaphakathi yokwanda okushisayo ku-granite ngu-3.5 uIn/Inch/degree.Amazinga okushisa e-ambient nomthelela womswakamo ku-granite plate awubalulekile.Nokho, ipuleti elingaphezulu lingaphuma ekubekezeleni noma ngezinye izikhathi libe ngcono ngisho noma liku-.3 – .5 degree F Delta T. Kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuthi i-Delta T ingaphakathi kuka-.12 degrees F lapho umehluko kusukela ekulinganisweni kokugcina .

Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi indawo yokusebenza yamapuleti ifuduka iye ekushiseni.Uma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lishisa kunangaphansi, khona-ke indawo ephezulu iyakhuphuka.Uma iphansi lifudumele, okuyinto engavamile, khona-ke indawo engaphezulu iyacwila.Akwanele ukuthi umphathi wekhwalithi noma uchwepheshe azi ukuthi ipuleti liyisicaba futhi liyaphindaphindeka ngesikhathi sokulinganisa noma ukulungiswa kodwa okwakuyi-Delta T eyayiyikho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokulinganisa kokugcina.Ezimweni ezibucayi umsebenzisi angakwazi, ngokulinganisa i-Delta T ngokwakhe, anqume ukuthi ipuleti liphelelwe ukubekezelelana ngenxa yokuhluka kwe-Delta T kuphela.Ngenhlanhla, i-granite ithatha amahora amaningi noma izinsuku ukujwayela indawo.Ukushintshashintsha okuncane kwezinga lokushisa le-ambient usuku lonke ngeke kukwenze lokho.Ngalezi zizathu, asibiki izinga lokushisa lokulinganiswa kwe-ambient noma umswakama ngoba imiphumela ayinaki.

I-Granite Plate Wear

Nakuba i-granite ilukhuni kunamapuleti ensimbi, i-granite isakhulisa izindawo eziphansi phezulu.Ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe kwezingxenye namageji ku-surface plate kuwumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokuguga, ikakhulukazi uma indawo efanayo ihlala isetshenziswa.Ukungcola nothuli olugaywayo luvunyelwe ukuba luhlale phezu kwepuleti lisheshisa inqubo yokuguga njengoba lingena phakathi kwezingxenye noma amageji kanye nendawo yegwadle.Lapho uhambisa izingxenye namageji endaweni yayo, uthuli olugwazayo ngokuvamile luyimbangela yokuguga okwengeziwe.Ngincome kakhulu ukuhlanza njalo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguga.Sibone ukugqokwa kwamapuleti okubangelwa ukulethwa kwephakheji yansuku zonke ye-UPS ebekwe phezu kwamapuleti!Lezo zindawo zokugqokwa zasendaweni zithinta ukufundwa kokuhlolwa kokuphindaphinda kokulinganiswa.Gwema ukuguga ngokuhlanza njalo.

I-Granite Plate Cleaning

Ukuze ugcine ipuleti lihlanzekile, sebenzisa indwangu ye-tack ukuze ususe inhlanzi.Vele ucindezele kancane kakhulu, ukuze ungashiyi izinsalela zeglue.Indwangu esetshenziswa kahle yenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokucosha uthuli lokugaya phakathi kokuhlanza.Ungasebenzi endaweni efanayo.Hambisa isethaphu yakho epuletini, usabalalise okugugile.Kulungile ukusebenzisa utshwala ukuhlanza ipuleti, kodwa qaphela ukuthi ukwenza kanjalo kuzopholisa kakhulu indawo engaphezulu okwesikhashana.Amanzi anensipho encane mahle kakhulu.Izihlanzi ezitholakalayo ezithengiswayo ezifana ne-Starrett's cleaner nazo zinhle kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi uthola yonke insipho esele ngaphandle.

I-Granite Plate Ukulungisa

Manje kufanele kube sobala ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuthi usonkontileka wakho wepuleti eliphezulu wenza ukulinganisa okunekhono.Amalebhu ohlobo lwe-"Clearing House" anikeza izinhlelo "Yenza konke ngocingo olulodwa" awavamile ukuba nochwepheshe ongakwazi ukulungisa.Ngisho noma behlinzeka ngokulungisa, abanaye ngaso sonke isikhathi uchwepheshe onolwazi oludingekayo lapho i-surface plate ingabekezeleleki kakhulu.

Uma utshelwe ukuthi ipuleti alikwazi ukulungiseka ngenxa yokuguga ngokweqile, sishayele.Cishe singakwazi ukwenza ukulungisa.

Ubuchwepheshe bethu busebenza unyaka owodwa kuya kowodwa nengxenye ngaphansi kwe-Master Surface Plate Technician.Sichaza I-Master Surface Plate Technician njengomuntu oqede ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe futhi unesipiliyoni seminyaka engaphezu kweshumi ekulinganisweni nasekulungiseni i-Surface Plate.Thina kwa-Dimensional Gauge sinochwepheshe abathathu kubasebenzi abanolwazi olungaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 luhlangene.Omunye wochwepheshe wethu oyinhloko uyatholakala ngazo zonke izikhathi ukuze asekelwe futhi aqondiswe lapho kuphakama izimo ezinzima.Bonke ochwepheshe bethu banolwazi ekulinganisweni kwamapuleti angaphezulu kwawo wonke amasayizi, kusukela kwabancane kuye kwabakhulu kakhulu, izimo zemvelo ezihlukene, izimboni ezihlukene, kanye nezinkinga ezinkulu zokugqokwa.

I-Fed Specs inesidingo sokuqeda esiqondile sika-16 kuya ku-64 I-Average Arithmetic Roughness (AA).Sincamela ukuqeda ebangeni le-30-35 AA.Kunobunzima obanele bokuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye namageji ahamba kahle futhi awanamatheli noma awabiki ku-surface plate.

Uma silungisa sihlola ipuleti ukuze ligxumeke kahle futhi lisezingeni.Sisebenzisa indlela yokugqoka eyomile, kodwa ezimeni zokuguga ngokweqile ezidinga ukususwa okukhulu kwegwadle, simanzisa ithanga.Ochwepheshe bethu bazihlanza ngokwabo, baphelele, bayashesha futhi banembe.Lokho kubalulekile ngoba izindleko zesevisi yepuleti legwadle zifaka phakathi isikhathi sakho sokuphumula kanye nokulahleka kokukhiqiza.Ukukhanda okunekhono kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi akufanele nanini ukhethe usonkontileka ngentengo noma kalula.Eminye imisebenzi yokulinganisa idinga abantu abaqeqeshwe kakhulu.Sinakho lokho.

Imibiko Yokugcina Yokulinganisa

Ngokulungiswa kwepuleti ngalinye kanye nokulinganisa, sinikeza imibiko enemininingwane yochwepheshe.Imibiko yethu iqukethe inani elibalulekile lakho kokubili ulwazi olubalulekile nolubalulekile.I-Fed Spec.idinga ulwazi oluningi esilunikezile.Ngaphandle kwalezo eziqukethwe kwamanye amazinga ekhwalithi afana ne-ISO/IEC-17025, i-Fed encane.Imininingwane yemibiko yilena:

1. Usayizi e-Ft.(X'x X')

1. Umbala
2. Isitayela (Ibhekisela ekungabini kwe-clamp ledges noma amaleji amabili noma amane)
3. I-Modulus elinganiselwe ye-Elasticity
4. I-Mean Plane Tolerance (Kunqunywa Ibanga/Usayizi)
5. Phinda Ukubekezelela Ukufunda (Kunqunywa ngobude be-diagonal ngamayintshi)
6. Indiza Esho Njengoba Itholiwe
7. Kusho Indiza njengoba kwesokunxele
8. Phinda ukufunda njengoba kutholiwe
9. Phinda ukufunda kwesokunxele
10. I-Delta T (Umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwezindawo ezingaphezulu neziphansi)

Uma uchwepheshe edinga ukwenza umsebenzi wokubopha noma wokulungisa ku-surface plate, khona-ke isitifiketi sokulinganiswa sihambisana nesakhiwo se-topographical noma se-isometric ukufakazela ukulungiswa okuvumelekile.

Igama Eliphathelene Nokuqinisekiswa Kwe-ISO/IEC-17025 namalebhu anakho

Ukuthi ilabhu inokugunyazwa ekulinganisweni kwamapuleti angaphezulu akusho ukuthi bayazi abakwenzayo kuncane kakhulu ukukukwenza ngendlela efanele!Futhi akusho ukuthi ilebhu ingalungisa.Izindikimba ezigunyazayo awenzi umehluko phakathi kokuqinisekisa noma ukulinganisa (ukulungisa).Afuthi ngiyazi eyodwa, mhlawumbe2izinhlangano ezigunyazayo ezizokwaziLuthayiAiribhoni ezungeze inja yami uma ngiyikhokhele imali eyanele!Kuyiqiniso elidabukisayo.Ngibone amalebhu ethola ukugunyazwa ngokwenza ukuhlolwa okukodwa kuphela kokuthathu okudingekayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngibone amalebhu ethola ukugunyazwa ngokungaqiniseki okungenangqondo futhi agunyazwe ngaphandle kwanoma ibuphi ubufakazi noma ukuboniswa ukuthi abala kanjani amanani.Konke kuyishwa.

Isifinyezo

Awukwazi ukubukela phansi indima yamapuleti egwadle ngokunemba.Ireferensi eyisicaba ehlinzekwa ngamapuleti egwadle isisekelo lapho wenza khona zonke ezinye izilinganiso.

Ungasebenzisa amathuluzi okulinganisa esimanjemanje kakhulu, anembe kakhulu futhi ahlukahlukene kakhulu.Kodwa-ke, izilinganiso ezinembile kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yesithenjwa ayiphansi.Ngesinye isikhathi, ngake ngaba ikhasimende engangingase ngithi kimi “awu, i-rock nje!”Impendulo yami, "KULUNGILE, uqinisile, futhi awukwazi neze ukuthethelela ukuthi ochwepheshe beze ukuze banakekele amapuleti akho angaphezulu."

Intengo ayisona neze isizathu esihle sokukhetha osonkontileka bamapuleti angaphezulu.Abathengi, ababhali bamabhuku ezimali kanye nenani eliphazamisayo lonjiniyela bekhwalithi abaqondi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi ukuqinisekiswa kabusha kwamapuleti egwadle akufani nokuqinisekisa kabusha i-micrometer, i-caliper noma i-DMM.

Amanye amathuluzi adinga ubuchwepheshe, hhayi inani eliphansi.Ngemva kokusho lokho, amanani ethu anengqondo kakhulu.Ikakhulukazi ngokuzethemba ukuthi senza umsebenzi ngendlela efanele.Seqa kakhulu izimfuneko ze-ISO-17025 kanye ne-Federal Specifications ngevelu eyengeziwe.

I-Precision Granite Base Ingathuthukisa Ukusebenza Kwethuluzi Lomshini

Izidingo zikhula njalo kubunjiniyela bemishini ngokujwayelekile futhi ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwamathuluzi omshini.Ukuthola ukunemba okuphezulu kanye namanani okusebenza ngaphandle kokukhuphula izindleko kuyinselele eqhubekayo yokuba nokuncintisana.Umbhede wethuluzi lomshini uyisici esibalulekile lapha.Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi abaningi bamathuluzi omshini bathembele ku-granite.Ngenxa yemingcele yayo ebonakalayo, inikeza izinzuzo ezicacile ezingenakufinyelelwa ngensimbi noma ukhonkolo we-polymer.

I-Granite iyidwala elijulile elibizwa ngokuthi yi-volcanic deep futhi inesakhiwo esiminyene kakhulu futhi esifana ne-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokunwetshwa, ukuqhutshwa kokushisa okuphansi kanye nokuncibilika kokudlidliza okuphezulu.

Ngezansi uzothola ukuthi kungani umbono ovamile wokuthi i-granite ifaneleka kuphela njengesisekelo somshini wemishini yokulinganisa yokuhlanganisa ephezulu isiphelelwe yisikhathi nokuthi kungani le nto yemvelo njengesisekelo samathuluzi omshini iyindlela enenzuzo kakhulu kunensimbi noma insimbi yokusansimbi ngisho nasezingeni eliphezulu. -Amathuluzi omshini wokunemba.

Singakwazi ukukhiqiza izingxenye zegwadle ezinyakazayo, izingxenye zegwadle zamamotho alayini, izingxenye zegwadle ze-ndt, izingxenye zegwadle ze-xray, izingxenye zegwadle ze-cmm, izingxenye zegwadle ze-cnc, ukunemba kwe-granite kwe-laser, izingxenye ze-granite ze-aerospace, izingxenye ze-granite zezigaba zokunemba. ...

Inani Elingeziwe Eliphezulu Ngaphandle Kwezindleko Ezengeziwe
Ukusetshenziswa okwandayo kwe-granite kubunjiniyela bemishini akukona kangako ngenxa yokwenyuka okukhulu kwentengo yensimbi.Kunalokho, kungenxa yokuthi inani elingeziwe lethuluzi lomshini elizuzwe ngombhede womshini owenziwe ngegwadle lingenzeka ngezindleko ezithe xaxa noma ezingekho.Lokhu kufakazelwa ngokuqhathaniswa kwezindleko zabakhiqizi bamathuluzi omshini abaziwayo eJalimane naseYurophu.

Inzuzo enkulu ekuzinzeni kwe-thermodynamic, ukuncibilika kokudlidliza kanye nokunemba kwesikhathi eside okwenziwe nokwenzeka ngegwadle ngeke kufinyelelwe ngensimbi ewuketshezi noma umbhede wensimbi, noma kuphela ngezindleko eziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa.Isibonelo, amaphutha okushisa angabalelwa ku-75% wephutha eliphelele lomshini, ngesinxephezelo esivame ukuzama isofthiwe - ngempumelelo emaphakathi.Ngenxa ye-thermal conductivity ephansi, i-granite iyisisekelo esingcono sokunemba kwesikhathi eside.

Ngokubekezelela okungu-1 μm, igwala lihlangabezana kalula nezimfuneko zokucaba ngokusho kwe-DIN 876 ngezinga lokunemba elingu-00. Ngevelu engu-6 esikalini sobunzima 1 ukuya ku-10, ilukhuni ngokwedlulele, futhi nesisindo sayo esiqondile esingu-2.8g /cm³ icishe ifinyelele inani le-aluminium.Lokhu kuphinda kubangele izinzuzo ezengeziwe ezifana namazinga aphezulu okuphakelayo, ukusheshisa okuphezulu kwe-eksisi kanye nokunwetshwa kwempilo yamathuluzi amathuluzi omshini wokusika.Ngakho-ke, ukuguqulwa kusuka embhedeni owenziwe nge-cast kuya embhedeni womshini we-granite uhambisa ithuluzi lomshini okukhulunywa ngalo ekilasini eliphezulu ngokunemba nokusebenza - ngaphandle kwezindleko ezengeziwe.

I-Granite's Improved Ecological Footprint
Ngokuphambene nezinto ezifana nensimbi noma insimbi ekhonjiwe, itshe lemvelo akudingeki likhiqizwe ngamandla amakhulu futhi lisebenzise izithasiselo.Kudingeka amandla amancane kuphela uma kubiwa izinkwali kanye nokwelashwa kwendawo.Lokhu kubangela ukunyathela okuphakeme kwemvelo, okuthi ngisho nasekupheleni kokuphila komshini kudlule okwensimbi njengento esetshenziswayo.Umbhede we-granite ungaba yisisekelo somshini omusha noma usetshenziselwe izinhloso ezihluke ngokuphelele ezifana nokuqothula ukwakhiwa komgwaqo.

Futhi akukho ukushoda kwezinsiza zegwadle.Kuyidwala elijulile elakhiwe nge-magma ngaphakathi koqweqwe lomhlaba.'Seyivuthiwe' izigidi zeminyaka futhi itholakala ngamanani amakhulu kakhulu njengomthombo wemvelo cishe kuwo wonke amazwekazi, kuhlanganise neYurophu yonke.

Isiphetho: Izinzuzo eziningi eziboniswayo zegwadle uma ziqhathaniswa nensimbi noma insimbi ecijile zithethelela ukuzimisela okwandayo konjiniyela abayimishini ukusebenzisa le nto yemvelo njengesisekelo sokunemba okuphezulu, amathuluzi omshini asebenza kahle kakhulu.Ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nezakhiwo ze-granite, ezinenzuzo kumathuluzi omshini nobunjiniyela bemishini, ingatholakala kulesi sihloko.

Ukulinganisa okuphindayo ukukalwa kwezindawo eziphansi zendawo.Ukucaciswa Kwesilinganiso Okuphindayo kusho ukuthi isilinganiso esithathwe noma yikuphi ebusweni bepuleti sizophinda ngaphakathi kokubekezelela okushiwo.Ukulawula ukucaba kwendawo kuqinile kunokucaba sekukonke kuqinisekisa uguquko oluhamba kancane kuphrofayela yokucaba kwendawo ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe amaphutha endawo.

Abakhiqizi abaningi, okuhlanganisa nemikhiqizo evela kwamanye amazwe, babambelela ku-Federal Specification yokubekezelelana kokucaba kodwa abaningi abakunaki ukukalwa okuphindaphindiwe.Iningi lenani eliphansi noma amapuleti ebhajethi atholakalayo emakethe namuhla ngeke aqinisekise izilinganiso zokuphinda.Umkhiqizi ongaqinisekisi izilinganiso eziphindayo AKAKHALI amapuleti ahlangabezana nezimfuneko ze-ASME B89.3.7-2013 noma i-Federal Specification GGG-P-463c, noma i-DIN 876, GB, JJS...

Zombili zibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe indawo enembayo yokulinganisa okunembile.Ukucaciswa kwe-flatness kukodwa akwanele ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kokulinganisa.Thatha njengesibonelo, ipuleti elingaphezulu le-36 X 48 Inspection Grade A, elihlangabezana KUPHELA nokucaciswa kwesicaba okungu-.000300". Uma ucezu oluhlolwayo lufinyelela iziqongo ezimbalwa, futhi igeji esetshenziswayo isendaweni ephansi, iphutha lokulinganisa lingase libe khona. kube ukubekezelelana okugcwele endaweni eyodwa, 000300"!Eqinisweni, ingaba phezulu kakhulu uma i-gage ihlezi emthambekeni wokuthambekela.

Amaphutha okuthi .000600"-.000800" ayenzeka, kuye ngobunzima bomthambeka, nobude bengalo yegeji esetshenziswayo.Uma leli puleti libe nencazelo Yokulinganisa Okuphindaphindiwe kokuthi .000050"FIR khona-ke iphutha lokulinganisa lizoba ngaphansi kuka-.000050" kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isilinganiso sithathwa kuphi epuletini.Enye inkinga, evame ukuvela lapho uchwepheshe ongaqeqeshiwe ezama ukuvuselela ipuleti esizeni, ukusetshenziswa Kwezilinganiso Zokuphinda kukodwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ipuleti.

Amathuluzi asetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphinda AKUDLALWE ukuhlola ukucaba okuphelele.Uma isethwe kuqanda endaweni egobe kahle, izoqhubeka ifunde uziro, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi leyo ndawo iyisicaba noma i-convex noma i-convex engu-1/2"! Bamane baqinisekise ukufana kwendawo, hhayi ukucaba. Ipuleti kuphela eline ihlangabezana kokubili ukucaciswa kokucaba KANYE nokucaciswa kokulinganisa okuphindayo kuhlangabezana ngempela nezimfuneko ze-ASME B89.3.7-2013 noma i-Federal Specification GGG-P-463c.

Ask us about or flatness specification and repeat measurement promise by calling +86 19969991659 or emailing INFO@ZHHIMG.COM

Yebo, kodwa zingaqinisekiswa kuphela ngezinga lokushisa eliqondile eliqondile.Imiphumela yokwandisa okushisayo epuleti ingabangela kalula ushintsho ekunembeni okukhulu kunokubekezela uma kukhona ushintsho ku-gradient.Kwezinye izimo, uma ukubekezelelana kuqinile ngokwanele, ukushisa okumuncwe ekukhanyeni okungaphezulu kungabangela ukuguquka kwegradient okwanele emahoreni ambalwa.

I-Granite ine-coefficient yokwanda okushisayo okungaba amayintshi angu-.0000035 iyintshi ngayinye ngo-1°F.Njengesibonelo: Ipuleti langaphezulu elingu-36" x 48" x 8" linokunemba okungu-.000075" (1/2 weBanga AA) kugradient engu-0°F, phezulu naphansi izinga lokushisa elifanayo.Uma ingaphezulu lepuleti lifudumala lifike endaweni lapho lishisa khona ngo-1°F kunaphansi, ukunemba kuzoshintsha kube .000275" convex ! Ngakho-ke, uku-oda ipuleti elinokubekezelela okuqinile kune-Laboratory Grade AA kufanele kucatshangelwe kuphela uma kukhona ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu okwanele.

Ipuleti elingaphezulu kufanele lisekelwe emaphoyintini angu-3, ​​abekwe endaweni efanele engama-20% ubude ukusuka ekugcineni kwepuleti.Izisekelo ezimbili kufanele zibekwe ku-20% wobubanzi phakathi ukusuka ezinhlangothini ezinde, futhi ukusekelwa okusele kufanele kugxile.Amaphoyinti ama-3 kuphela angahlala aqinile kunoma yini ngaphandle kwendawo enembayo.

Ipuleti kufanele lisekelwe kulawa maphuzu ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, futhi kufanele lisekelwe kuphela kulawa maphuzu amathathu ngenkathi lisetshenziswa.Ukuzama ukusekela ipuleti ngamaphuzu angaphezu kwamathathu kuzokwenza ukuthi ipuleti ithole ukwesekwa kwayo kusuka ezinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene zamaphuzu amathathu, okungeke kube amaphuzu angu-3 afanayo lapho isekelwe khona ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.Lokhu kuzokwethula amaphutha njengoba ipuleti lichezuka ukuze lihambisane nokuhlelwa okusha kosekelo.Zonke izitendi zensimbi ze-zhhimg zinemishayo yokusekela eklanyelwe ukuhambisana namaphoyinti afanele okusekela.

Uma ipuleti lisekelwa kahle, ukulinganisa okunembile kuyadingeka kuphela uma isicelo sakho sikubiza.Ukulinganisa akudingekile ukuze kugcinwe ukunemba kwepuleti elisekelwe kahle.

Kungani Khetha I-GraniteIzisekelo ZomshinifuthiIzingxenye ze-Metrology?

Impendulo ithi 'yebo' cishe kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza.Izinzuzo zegwadle zihlanganisa: Akukho ukugqwala noma ukugqwala, cishe akuvimbeli ekuwohlokeni, alikho i-hump elinxeshezelwayo lapho lishaywa, ukuphila kokugqokwa okude, isenzo esibushelelezi, ukunemba okukhulu, cishe okungewona uzibuthe, ukusebenzisana kahle okuphansi kokunwetshwa okushisayo, kanye nezindleko zokunakekela eziphansi.

I-Granite iwuhlobo lwetshe elivuthayo elimbiwa amandla alo eqisayo, ukuminyana, ukuqina, nokumelana nokugqwala.Kodwa i-granite ibuye ibe nezinto ezihlukahlukene kakhulu– ayiyona nje eyezikwele nonxande!Eqinisweni, i-Starrett Tru-Stone isebenza ngokuzethemba nezingxenye zegwadle ezakhiwe ngomumo, ama-engeli, namajika akho konke ukuhlukahluka njalo—ngemiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Ngokucutshungulwa kwesimo sethu sobuciko, izindawo ezisikiwe zingaba zicaba ngendlela ehlukile.Lezi zimfanelo zenza i-granite ibe into efanelekile yokwakha usayizi wangokwezifiso nezisekelo zemishini eklanywe ngokwezifiso kanye nezingxenye ze-metrology.I-Granite yilokhu:

mshini
kahle kahle uma usikwa futhi usuqedile
ukumelana nokugqwala
isikhathi eside
isikhathi eside
Izingxenye ze-Granite nazo kulula ukuzihlanza.Lapho udala imiklamo yangokwezifiso, qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha i-granite ngezinzuzo zayo eziphezulu.

AMAZINGA/ IZICELO ZOKUGQOKA OKUPHEZULU
I-granite esetshenziswa yi-ZhongHui emikhiqizweni yethu evamile yepuleti yangaphezulu inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-quartz, okunikeza ukumelana okukhulu nokugqoka nokulimala.Imibala yethu ye-Superior Black kanye ne-Crystal Pink inamazinga aphansi okumunca amanzi, enciphisa amathuba okuthi amageji akho anembe agle ngenkathi ehlelwa kumapuleti.Imibala yegwadle ehlinzekwa yi-ZhongHui iphumela ekubenyeni okuncane, okusho ukuthi ukucindezelwa kwamehlo kuncane kubantu abasebenzisa amapuleti.Sikhethe izinhlobo zethu zegwadle ngenkathi sicabangela ukunwetshwa kokushisa emzamweni wokugcina lesi sici sincane.

IZICELO ZOKUFANELEKILE
Uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza ludinga ipuleti elinomumo ngokwezifiso, okufakwayo okuluchungechunge, izikhala noma okunye ukukhanda, uzofuna ukukhetha into efana neBlack Diabase.Le nto yemvelo inikezela ngokuqina okuphezulu, ukudambisa ukudlidliza okuhle kakhulu, nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe.

Yebo, uma zingagqokile kakhulu.Ukusethwa kwefekthri yethu nokokusebenza kuvumela izimo ezikahle zokulinganiswa kwepuleti okufanele nokusebenza kabusha uma kunesidingo.Ngokuvamile, uma ipuleti lingaphakathi kuka-.001" wokubekezelela okudingekile, lingabuye livulwe endaweni. Uma ipuleti ligqokwe lifike endaweni lapho lingaphezu kuka-.001" ngenxa yokubekezelelwa, noma uma liboshwe kabi noma i-nicked, khona-ke izodinga ukuthunyelwa efektri ukuze igaywe ngaphambi kokuphindaphinda.

Kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu ekukhetheni uchwepheshe osebenza endaweni yokulinganisa nokufaka kabusha izulu.Sikunxusa ukuthi usebenzise ukuqaphela ekukhetheni isevisi yakho yokulinganisa.Cela ukugunyazwa futhi uqinisekise impahla ezosetshenziswa uchwepheshe inokulinganisa okulandelekayo kweNational Inspection Institution.Kuthatha iminyaka eminingi ukufunda indlela yokugoqa ngokunemba i-granite.

I-ZhongHui ihlinzeka ngokushintsha ngokushesha ekulinganiseni okwenziwe efekthri yethu.Thumela amapuleti akho ukuze alinganiswe uma kungenzeka.Ikhwalithi nesithunzi sakho sincike ekunembeni kwamathuluzi akho okulinganisa okuhlanganisa namapuleti angaphezulu!

Amapuleti ethu angaphezulu amnyama anokuqina okuphezulu kakhulu futhi aqinile ngokuphindwe kathathu.Ngakho-ke, ipuleti elenziwe ngokumnyama alidingi ukuthi libe likhulu njengepuleti le-granite elinosayizi ofanayo ukuze libe nokumelana okulinganayo noma okukhulu ekuphambukeni.Ukuqina okwehlisiwe kusho isisindo esincane kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokuthutha.

Qaphela abanye abasebenzisa igwadle elimnyama elisezingeni eliphansi ngobukhulu obufanayo.Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izakhiwo zegwadle, njengokhuni noma insimbi, ziyahlukahluka ngokomsebenzi nombala, futhi akusona isibikezelo esinembile sokuqina, ukuqina, noma ukumelana nokugqoka.Eqinisweni, izinhlobo eziningi ze-granite emnyama ne-diabase zithambile kakhulu futhi azifanele ukusetshenziswa kwepuleti elingaphezulu.

Cha. Imishini ekhethekile nokuqeqeshwa okudingekayo ukuze kusetshenzwe kabusha lezi zinto kudinga ukuba zibuyiselwe efektri ukuze zilungiswe futhi zisetshenzwe kabusha.

Yebo.I-Ceramic ne-granite inezici ezifanayo, futhi izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa kanye ne-lap granite zingasetshenziswa nezinto zobumba.I-Ceramics inzima kakhulu ukugoqa kune-granite okuholela ezindlekweni eziphezulu.

Yebo, inqobo nje uma okufakiwe kumiswe phansi ngezansi.Uma izinsimbi zensimbi zishaywa, noma ngaphezu kwendiza engaphezulu, kufanele zibheke phansi ngaphambi kokuba ipuleti ligqitshwe.Uma kudingeka, singanikeza leyo sevisi.

Yebo.Ukufakwa kwensimbi okunochungechunge olufunekayo (isiNgisi noma imethrikhi) kungenziwa i-epoxy eboshwe epuletini ezindaweni ezifunwayo.I-ZhongHui isebenzisa imishini ye-CNC ukuze inikeze izindawo eziqinile zokufaka phakathi kuka-+/- 0.005”.Okufakwayo okungabalulekile kangako, ukubekezelela kwethu kwasendaweni kokufaka okunentambo kungu-±.060". Ezinye izinketho zihlanganisa ama-T-Bars ensimbi kanye nezikhala ze-dovetail ezifakwe ngqo kugwadule.

Okufakiwe okuboshelwe kahle kusetshenziswa i-epoxy yamandla aphezulu nomsebenzi omuhle kuzomelana namandla amaningi okugubha nokugunda.Ocwaningweni lwakamuva, kusetshenziswa okufakwe imicu engu-3/8"-16, ilabhorethri yokuhlola ezimele ilinganise amandla adingekayo ukuze kudonswe into efakwe i-epoxy-bonded esuka epuletini elingaphezulu. Kuhlolwe amapuleti ayishumi. Kulezi eziyishumi, ezimweni eziyisishiyagalolunye, i i-granite yaphuka kuqala Isilinganiso somthwalo endaweni yokwehluleka kwaba amakhilogremu angu-12,310 ngokumnyama. ! Uma ucezu lomsebenzi lwakha ibhuloho eliwela okokufaka bese kusetshenziswa itorque eyeqisayo, kungenzeka ukukhiqiza amandla anele ukuphula igwadle Ngokwengxenye ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-ZhongHui inikeza imihlahlandlela yetorque ephezulu ephephile engasetshenziswa ukufakwa kwe-epoxy bonded. : https://www.zhhimg.com/standard-thread-inserts-product/

Yebo, kodwa embonini yethu kuphela.Embonini yethu, singakwazi ukubuyisela cishe noma yiliphi ipuleti esimweni 'esifana nelisha', ngokuvamile ngemali engaphansi kwengxenye yezindleko zokulishintsha.Imiphetho eyonakele ingalungiswa ngendlela yobuhle, imisele ejulile, ama-nick, kanye nemigodi kungasuswa, futhi izisekelo ezinamathiselwe zingashintshwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, singashintsha ipuleti lakho ukuze sandise ukuguquguquka kwalo ngokwengeza izinsimbi eziqinile noma ezinemicu kanye nezikhala zokusika noma izindebe ezibambayo, ngokwezicaciso zakho.

Kungani Khetha I-Granite?
I-Granite uhlobo lwamatshe avuthayo akhiwa emhlabeni eminyakeni eyizigidi edlule.Ukwakheka kwe-igneous rock kwakuqukethe amaminerali amaningi njenge-quartz eqinile kakhulu futhi engagugi.Ngaphezu kokuqina nokuqina kwe-granite yokumelana nokuqina cishe inengxenye ye-coefficient yokunwetshwa njenge-cast iron.Njengoba isisindo sayo se-volumetric cishe siyingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yensimbi ecijile, i-granite kulula ukuyilawula.

Ezisekelweni zemishini nezingxenye ze-metrology, igwadle elimnyama umbala osetshenziswa kakhulu.I-granite emnyama inephesenti eliphezulu le-quartz kuneminye imibala futhi, ngakho-ke, ukugqoka okunzima kakhulu.

I-Granite iyonga kakhulu, futhi izindawo ezisikiwe zingaba flat ngendlela ehlukile.Akukona nje kuphela ukugoqwa ngesandla ukuze kuzuzwe ukunemba okwedlulele, kodwa ukulungisa kabusha kungenziwa ngaphandle kokususa ipuleti noma itafula ngaphandle kwesayithi.Kuwumsebenzi wokuzungeza isandla ngokuphelele futhi ngokuvamile kubiza kancane kakhulu kunokulungisa enye indlela yensimbi ekhonjiwe.

Lezi zimfanelo zenza i-granite ibe yinto ekahle yokwakha usayizi wangokwezifiso kanye nezisekelo zomshini owenziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nezingxenye ze-metrology ezifanaI-granite surface plate.

I-ZhongHui ikhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-granite ye-bespoke edalelwe ukusekela izidingo ezithile zokulinganisa.Lezi zinto ezihlosiwe ziyahlukahluka kuyeimiphetho eqondile toizikwele ezintathu.Ngenxa yemvelo eguquguqukayo ye-granite, iizingxenyeingakhiqizwa kunoma yimuphi usayizi odingekayo;zigqoke kanzima futhi zihlala isikhathi eside.

Izinzuzo ze-Granite Surface Plates
Ukubaluleka kokulinganisa endaweni elinganayo kwasungulwa umsunguli waseBrithani uHenry Maudsley ngeminyaka yawo-1800.Njengomsunguli wethuluzi lomshini, wanquma ukuthi ukukhiqizwa okungaguquki kwezingxenye kudinga indawo eqinile yokulinganisa okuthembekile.

Uguquko lwezimboni lwadala isidingo sendawo yokulinganisa, ngakho inkampani yobunjiniyela i-Crown Windley yakha amazinga okukhiqiza.Izindinganiso zamapuleti angaphezulu zaqala ukusethwa yiCrown ngo-1904 zisebenzisa insimbi.Njengoba isidingo nezindleko zensimbi zanda, ezinye izinto zokwakha indawo yokulinganisa zaphenywa.

EMelika, umdali wetshe lesikhumbuzo u-Wallace Herman wasungula ukuthi igwadule elimnyama laliyipuleti eliphezulu elingcono kakhulu elihlukile kunelensimbi.Njengoba i-granite ingeyona i-magnetic futhi ingagqwali, ngokushesha yaba indawo yokulinganisa ekhethwayo.

Ipuleti elingaphezulu kwegwadle liwutshalomali olubalulekile kumalabhorethri nezindawo zokuhlola.I-granite surface plate engu-600 x 600 mm ingafakwa endaweni yokusekela.Izitendi zinikeza ubude bokusebenza obungu-34” (0.86m) namaphoyinti amahlanu alungisekayo okulinganisa.

Ukuze uthole imiphumela yokulinganisa ethembekile nengaguquguquki, i-granite surface plate ibalulekile.Njengoba indawo engaphezulu iyindiza ebushelelezi futhi ezinzile, yenza amathuluzi akwazi ukusetshenziswa ngokucophelela.

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-granite surface plate yilezi:

• Akubonakali
• Ingazweli kumakhemikhali nokugqwala
• I-coefficient ephansi yokunwetshwa uma iqhathaniswa nensimbi yenqola kangangokuthi ithintwa kancane ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa
• Iqinile ngokwemvelo futhi igqoke kanzima
• Indiza yendawo engaphezulu ayithinteki uma iklwejwa
• Ngeke ukugqwala
• Okungewona uzibuthe
• Kulula ukuhlanza nokunakekela
• Ukulinganisa nokufaka kabusha ingaphezulu kungenziwa endaweni
• Ifanele ukubhoboza okokufaka kokusekela okunentambo
• Ukunciphisa ukudlidliza okuphezulu

Ezitolo eziningi, amagumbi okuhlola namalabhorethri, amapuleti angaphezulu egwadle athembeke kuwo njengesisekelo sokulinganisa okunembile.Ngenxa yokuthi zonke izilinganiso zomugqa zincike endaweni eyinkomba enembile lapho kuthathwa khona ubukhulu bokugcina, amapuleti angaphezulu ahlinzeka ngendiza eyinkomba engcono kakhulu yokuhlolwa komsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo ngaphambi komshini.Futhi ayizisekelo ezikahle zokwenza izilinganiso zobude kanye nezindawo zokugawula.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga eliphezulu lokusicaba, ukuzinza, ikhwalithi iyonke kanye nokusebenza kahle kubenza babe yisinqumo esihle sokukhweza amasistimu egeji emishini eyinkimbinkimbi, e-electronic kanye ne-optical.Kunoma iyiphi yalezi zinqubo zokulinganisa, kubalulekile ukugcina amapuleti angaphezulu elinganiselwe.

Phinda Izilinganiso kanye Flatness
Kokubili ukucaba nokuphindaphinda izilinganiso kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe indawo enembayo.I-flatness ingabhekwa njengawo wonke amaphuzu angaphezulu aqukethwe ngaphakathi kwezindiza ezimbili ezifanayo, indiza eyisisekelo kanye nendiza yophahla.Isilinganiso sebanga phakathi kwezindiza wukucaba kwendawo yonke.Lesi silinganiso sokucaba sivame ukubekezelela futhi singabandakanya ukuqokwa kwebanga.

Ukubekezelela ukucabana kwamabanga amathathu ajwayelekile kuchazwa ekucacisweni kombuso njengoba kunqunywa ifomula elandelayo:
Ibanga Laselabhorethri AA = (40 + diagonal² / 25) x 0.000001 iyintshi (ihlangothi elilodwa)
IBanga Lokuhlola A = IBanga Laselabhorethri AA x 2
Igumbi Lethuluzi IBanga B = IBanga Laselabhorethri AA x 4

Ngaphezu kokuqina, ukuphindaphinda kufanele kuqinisekiswe.Ukulinganisa okuphindayo ukukalwa kwezindawo eziphansi zendawo.Kuyisilinganiso esithathwa noma yikuphi phezu kwepuleti elizophinda ngaphakathi kokubekezelelana okushiwo.Ukulawula ukucaba kwendawo ukuze kube nokubekezelelana okuqinile kunokucaba sekukonke kuqinisekisa ushintsho kancane kancane kuphrofayela yokucaba kwendawo, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe amaphutha endawo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ipuleti elingaphezulu lihlangabezana nakho kokubili ukucaba nokucaciswa kokulinganisa okuphindayo, abakhiqizi bamapuleti angaphezulu kwegwadle kufanele basebenzise i-Federal Specification GGG-P-463c njengesisekelo sokucaciswa kwabo.Leli zinga likhuluma ngokunemba kokulinganisa okuphindaphindwayo, izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo zamapuleti angaphezulu, ukuphela kwendawo, indawo yephoyinti lokusekela, ukuqina, izindlela ezamukelekayo zokuhlola kanye nokufakwa kwezinto ezifakiwe ezinentambo.

Ngaphambi kokuthi ipuleti elingaphezulu ligqokwe ngaphezu kokucaciswa kokucaba okuphelele, lizobonisa izigxobo ezigugile noma ezinamagagasi.Ukuhlolwa kwanyanga zonke kwamaphutha okulinganisa okuphinda kusetshenziswa igeji yokufunda ephindayo kuzokhomba izindawo ezigugile.Igaji yokufunda ephindayo iyithuluzi elinemba okuphezulu elithola iphutha lasendaweni futhi lingaboniswa kusikhulisi se-electronic magnification high.

Ihlola Ukunemba Kwepuleti
Ngokulandela iziqondiso ezimbalwa ezilula, ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-granite surface plate kufanele kuhlale iminyaka eminingi.Ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kwepuleti, indawo yesitolo nokunemba okudingekayo, imvamisa yokuhlola ukunemba kwepuleti elingaphezulu liyahlukahluka.Umthetho ojwayelekile owokuthi ipuleti elisha lithole ukulinganiswa kabusha okugcwele phakathi nonyaka owodwa wokuthenga.Uma ipuleti lisetshenziswa njalo, kuyatuseka ukuthi lesi sikhawu sifinyezwe sibe yizinyanga eziyisithupha.

Ngaphambi kokuthi ipuleti elingaphezulu ligqokwe ngaphezu kokucaciswa kokucaba okuphelele, lizobonisa izigxobo ezigugile noma ezinamagagasi.Ukuhlolwa kwanyanga zonke kwamaphutha okulinganisa okuphinda kusetshenziswa igeji yokufunda ephindayo kuzokhomba izindawo ezigugile.Igaji yokufunda ephindayo iyithuluzi elinemba okuphezulu elithola iphutha lasendaweni futhi lingaboniswa kusikhulisi se-electronic magnification high.

Uhlelo lokuhlola olusebenzayo kufanele lubandakanye ukuhlola okuvamile nge-autocollimator, okuhlinzeka ngokulinganiswa kwangempela kokucaba okuphelele okulandelekayo ku-National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).Ukulinganisa okuphelele komkhiqizi noma inkampani ezimele kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ezithile.

Izinguquko Phakathi Kwezilinganiso
Kwezinye izimo, kukhona ukuhluka phakathi kokulinganisa kwamapuleti angaphezulu.Kwesinye isikhathi izinto ezinjengokushintsha kwendawo okubangelwa ukuguga, ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwempahla yokuhlola noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingalinganiselwe zingabalela lokhu kuhlukahluka.Nokho, izici ezimbili ezivame kakhulu izinga lokushisa nokusekela.

Enye yezinto eziguquguqukayo ezibaluleke kakhulu izinga lokushisa.Isibonelo, indawo engaphezulu kungenzeka ukuthi igezwe ngesisombululo esishisayo noma esibandayo ngaphambi kokulinganisa futhi akuvunyelwe isikhathi esanele sokujwayela.Ezinye izimbangela zokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa zihlanganisa okusalungiswa komoya obandayo noma oshisayo, ukukhanya kwelanga, ukukhanya okungaphezulu noma eminye imithombo yokushisa okukhazimulayo ebusweni bepuleti.

Kungase futhi kube nokuhluka kwezinga lokushisa eliqondile phakathi kobusika nehlobo.Kwezinye izimo, ipuleti alivunyelwe isikhathi esanele sokujwayela ngemva kokuthunyelwa.Kungumqondo omuhle ukurekhoda izinga lokushisa elime mpo ngesikhathi ukulinganisa kwenziwa.

Esinye isizathu esivamile sokuhlukahluka kokulinganisa ipuleti elingasekelwa ngokungafanele.Ipuleti elingaphezulu kufanele lisekelwe emaphuzwini amathathu, abekwe ngokufanelekile angama-20% ubude ukusuka ekugcineni kwepuleti.Izisekelo ezimbili kufanele zibekwe ku-20% wobubanzi phakathi ukusuka ezinhlangothini ezinde, futhi ukusekelwa okusele kufanele kugxile.

Amaphuzu amathathu kuphela angahlala aqinile kunoma yini ngaphandle kwendawo enembayo.Ukuzama ukusekela ipuleti ngamaphuzu angaphezu kwamathathu kuzokwenza ukuthi ipuleti lithole ukwesekwa kwalo ezinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene zamaphuzu amathathu, okungeke kube amaphuzu amathathu afanayo lapho lisekelwa khona ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.Lokhu kuzokwethula amaphutha njengoba ipuleti lichezuka ukuze lihambisane nokuhlelwa okusha kosekelo.Cabangela ukusebenzisa izitendi zensimbi ezinemishayo yokusekela eklanyelwe ukuhambisana namaphoyinti afanele okusekela.Izitendi zale njongo zivame ukutholakala kumkhiqizi wamapuleti angaphezulu.

Uma ipuleti lisekelwa kahle, ukulinganisa okunembile kuyadingeka kuphela uma isicelo sikucacisa.Ukulinganisa akudingekile ukuze kugcinwe ukunemba kwepuleti elisekelwe kahle.

Kubalulekile ukugcina ipuleti lihlanzekile.Uthuli oluqhunyiswa emoyeni ngokuvamile luwumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokuguga nokudabuka epuletini, njengoba luvamise ukushumeka ezintweni zokusebenza nasezindaweni zokuthintana zamageji.Vala amapuleti ukuze uwavikele othulini nasekulimaleni.Impilo yokugqoka inganwetshwa ngokumboza ipuleti uma lingasetshenziswa.

Nweba Impilo YePlate
Ukulandela imihlahlandlela embalwa kuzonciphisa ukuguga kwepuleti le-granite elingaphezulu futhi ekugcineni, kunwebe impilo yalo.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukugcina ipuleti lihlanzekile.Uthuli oluqhunyiswa emoyeni ngokuvamile luwumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokuguga nokudabuka epuletini, njengoba luvamise ukushumeka ezintweni zokusebenza nasezindaweni zokuthintana zamageji.

Kubalulekile futhi ukumboza amapuleti ukuze uvikeleke othulini nasekulimaleni.Impilo yokugqoka inganwetshwa ngokumboza ipuleti uma lingasetshenziswa.

Zungezisa ipuleti ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze indawo eyodwa ingatholi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile.Futhi, kunconywa ukuthi kuthathelwe indawo amaphedi okuxhumana ensimbi ku-gaging ngamaphedi e-carbide.

Gwema ukubeka ukudla noma iziphuzo ezibandayo epuletini.Iziphuzo ezibandayo eziningi zine-carbonic noma i-phosphoric acid, engancibilikisa amaminerali athambile futhi ishiye imigodi emincane phezulu.

Lapho Ozobuyela Khona
Uma ipuleti elingaphezulu kwegwadle lidinga ukuphinde libekwe phezulu, cabanga ukuthi le sevisi yenziwe endaweni noma endaweni yokulinganisa.Kuhlale kuncono ukuthi ipuleti liphinde libuyele embonini noma endaweni ezinikele.Kodwa-ke, uma ipuleti lingagqokile kabi kakhulu, ngokuvamile phakathi kweyintshi engu-0.001 yokubekezelelana okudingekayo, lingaphinde livulwe esizeni.Uma ipuleti ligqokwe lifike endaweni lapho lingaphezu kuka-0.001 intshi ngenxa yokubekezelelana, noma uma libhodlozwe kabi noma lifakwe i-nicked, kufanele lithunyelwe efekthri ukuze ligaywe ngaphambi kokuphinda liphindwe.

Indawo yokulinganisa inemishini kanye nesethingi yefekthri ehlinzeka ngezimo ezikahle zokulinganiswa kwepuleti okufanele nokusebenza kabusha uma kunesidingo.

Kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu ekukhetheni uchwepheshe osebenza endaweni yokulinganisa nokufaka kabusha izulu.Cela ukugunyazwa futhi uqinisekise okokusebenza okuzosetshenziswa uchwepheshe kunokulinganiswa okulandelekayo kwe-NIST.Okuhlangenwe nakho nakho kuyisici esibalulekile, njengoba kuthatha iminyaka eminingi ukufunda indlela yokuhlanganisa ngokunembile igwadle.

Izilinganiso ezibucayi ziqala ngepuleti eliphezulu legwadle elinembayo njengesisekelo.Ngokuqinisekisa ireferensi ethembekile ngokusebenzisa ipuleti langaphezulu elilinganiswe kahle, abakhiqizi banethuluzi elilodwa elibalulekile lokulinganisa okuthembekile nezingxenye zekhwalithi engcono.

Uhlu lokuhlola Izinguquko Zokulinganisa

1. Ingaphezulu laligezwa ngesisombululo esishisayo noma esibandayo ngaphambi kokulinganisa futhi kwakungavunyelwe isikhathi esanele sokujwayela.
2. Ipuleti alisekelwa ngendlela engafanele.
3. Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.
4. Okusalungiswa.
5. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile noma okunye ukushisa okukhazimulayo ebusweni bepuleti.Qiniseka ukuthi ukukhanyisa phezulu akushisi indawo.
6. Ukwehluka kwezinga lokushisa elime mpo phakathi kobusika nehlobo.Uma kungenzeka, yazi izinga lokushisa elime mpo ngesikhathi ukulinganisa kwenziwa.
7. Ipuleti alivunyelwe isikhathi esanele sokujwayela ngemuva kokuthunyelwa.
8. Ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwempahla yokuhlola noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingalinganiselwe.
9. Ukushintsha kobuso ngenxa yokuguga.

Amathiphu Obuchwepheshe
Ngenxa yokuthi zonke izilinganiso zomugqa zincike endaweni eyinkomba enembile lapho kuthathwa khona ubukhulu bokugcina, amapuleti angaphezulu ahlinzeka ngendiza eyinkomba engcono kakhulu yokuhlolwa komsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo ngaphambi komshini.

Ukulawula ukucaba kwendawo ukuze kube nokubekezelelana okuqinile kunokucaba sekukonke kuqinisekisa ushintsho kancane kancane kuphrofayela yokucaba kwendawo, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe amaphutha endawo.