Ubuqotho bemishini ephezulu, kusukela kumadivayisi okulinganisa athuthukile kuya kwingqalasizinda enkulu, buncike esakhiweni sayo esiyinhloko sokusekela—isisekelo somshini. Lapho lezi zakhiwo zine-geometri eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezingezona ezejwayelekile, ezaziwa ngokuthi izisekelo zokunemba ngokwezifiso (isisekelo esingajwayelekile), izinqubo zokukhiqiza, zokuthunyelwa, kanye nezokugcinwa kwesikhathi eside ziletha izinselele ezihlukile zokulawula ukuguqulwa nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi eqhubekayo. Kwa-ZHHIMG, siyaqaphela ukuthi ukufeza ukuzinza kulezi zixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kudinga indlela ehlelekile, ehlanganisa isayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukucubungula okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nokuphathwa komjikelezo wokuphila okuhlakaniphile.
Amandla Okuguquka: Ukuhlonza Izinto Ezibangela Ukucindezeleka Okubalulekile
Ukufinyelela ukuzinza kudinga ukuqonda okujulile kwamandla alimaza ubuqotho bejometri ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izisekelo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zisengozini enkulu yemithombo emithathu eyinhloko yokuguqulwa:
1. Ukungalingani Kwangaphakathi Kokucindezeleka Okuvela Ekucubungulweni Kwezinto Ezisetshenziswayo: Ukukhiqizwa kwezisekelo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zivela kuma-alloy akhethekile noma izinhlanganisela ezithuthukisiwe, kuhilela izinqubo ezishisayo nezisebenza ngomshini ezifana nokuphotha, ukubumba, kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa. Lezi zigaba ngokungenakugwenywa zishiya ukucindezeleka okusele. Ezisekweni ezinkulu zensimbi ephothiwe, amazinga okupholisa ahlukene phakathi kwezingxenye ezijiyile nezincane adala ukugxila kokucindezeleka, lapho kukhishwa phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwengxenye, kuholele ekuguqukeni okuncane kodwa okubalulekile. Ngokufanayo, ezinhlanganisela ze-carbon fiber, amazinga ahlukahlukene okuncipha kwama-resin anezingqimba angabangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwe-interfacial, okungenzeka kubangele ukuhlukana ngaphansi komthwalo oguquguqukayo futhi kubeke engcupheni ukuma kwesisekelo sonke.
2. Amaphutha Ahlanganisiwe Avela Emishinini Eyinkimbinkimbi: Ubunzima bejometri bezisekelo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso—ezinezindawo ezigobile ezinama-axis amaningi kanye namaphethini emigodi ebekezelela kakhulu—kusho ukuthi amaphutha okucubungula angaqongelela ngokushesha abe amaphutha abucayi. Ekugayweni kwebhedi elingajwayelekile ngama-axis amahlanu, indlela yamathuluzi engalungile noma ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla okusika okungalingani kungabangela ukuphambuka kwe-elastic kwendawo, okuholela ekuphindaphindeni kwe-workpiece ngemuva komshini futhi kuholele ekubeni flat-of-tolerance. Ngisho nezinqubo ezikhethekile ezifana ne-Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) kumaphethini emigodi eyinkimbinkimbi, uma zingakhokhelwa ngokucophelela, zingaletha ukungafani kobukhulu obuhumusha ekucindezelekeni okungahlosiwe lapho isisekelo sihlanganiswa, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwesikhathi eside.
3. Ukulayisha Kwemvelo Nokusebenza: Izisekelo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zivame ukusebenza ezindaweni ezibucayi noma eziguquguqukayo. Imithwalo yangaphandle, okuhlanganisa ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, izinguquko zomswakama, kanye nokudlidliza okuqhubekayo, kuyizinto ezibalulekile ezibangela ukuguquguquka. Isisekelo se-turbine yomoya yangaphandle, isibonelo, sibhekana nemijikelezo yokushisa yansuku zonke ebangela ukufuduka komswakama ngaphakathi kwekhonkrithi, okuholela ekuqhekekeni okuncane kanye nokwehla kokuqina okuphelele. Ezisekweni ezisekela imishini yokulinganisa enembile kakhulu, ngisho nokwandiswa kokushisa kwezinga le-micron kungonakalisa ukunemba kwethuluzi, kudingeke izixazululo ezihlanganisiwe njengezimo ezilawulwayo kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlukanisa ukudlidliza eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ubuchwepheshe Bekhwalithi: Izindlela Zobuchwepheshe Zokuzinza
Ukulawula ikhwalithi kanye nokuzinza kwezisekelo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kufezwa ngesu lobuchwepheshe elinezici eziningi elibhekana nalezi zingozi kusukela ekukhethweni kwezinto kuya ekuhlanganisweni kokugcina.
1. Ukulungiswa Kwezinto Ezibalulekile kanye Nokulungiswa Kwangaphambi Kokucindezeleka: Impi yokulwa nokuguquguquka iqala esigabeni sokukhethwa kwezinto. Ezisekelweni zensimbi, lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ama-alloy anwebeka kancane noma ukufaka izinto ezicijile ekubumbeni nasekufakeni ukuze kuqedwe amaphutha okubumba. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa okujulile kwezinto ezifana nensimbi ye-maraging, evame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zokuhlola izindiza, kunciphisa kakhulu okuqukethwe kwe-austenite okusele, kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kokushisa. Ezisekelweni ezihlanganisiwe, imiklamo yokubeka i-ply ehlakaniphile ibalulekile, ivame ukushintshanisa iziqondiso zefayibha ukuze ilinganise i-anisotropy futhi ifake ama-nanoparticles ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okuxhumana nokunciphisa ukuguquguquka okubangelwa yi-delamination.
2. Umshini Wokuchwephesha Oqondile Nokulawula Ukucindezeleka Okuguquguqukayo: Isigaba sokucubungula sidinga ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bokunxephezela okuguquguqukayo. Ezikhungweni ezinkulu zomshini wokugaya, izinhlelo zokulinganisa ezisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwenqubo zibuyisela idatha yokuguqulwa kwangempela ohlelweni lwe-CNC, okuvumela ukulungiswa kwendlela yamathuluzi okuzenzakalelayo, ngesikhathi sangempela—uhlelo lokulawula oluvaliwe “lokulinganisa inqubo-yokunxephezela”. Ezisekelweni ezenziwe, amasu okushwela okufakwayo okushisa okuphansi, njengokushwela kwe-laser-arc hybrid, asetshenziswa ukunciphisa indawo ethintekile ekushiseni. Ukwelashwa kwendawo okufakwe ngemuva kokushwela, njengokuthinta kwe-peening noma kwe-sonic, bese kusetshenziswa ukwethula ukucindezeleka okuwusizo kokucindezela, ngokuphumelelayo kunciphise ukucindezeleka okulimazayo okusalayo kanye nokuvimbela ukuguquguquka kokusebenza.
3. Umklamo Othuthukisiwe Wokuzivumelanisa Nemvelo: Izisekelo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zidinga ukusungulwa kwesakhiwo ukuze ziqinise ukumelana kwazo nokucindezeleka kwemvelo. Ezisekweni ezisezindaweni zokushisa okukhulu, izici zokuklama ezifana nezakhiwo ezingenalutho, ezinezindonga ezincane ezigcwele ukhonkolo we-foam zinganciphisa isisindo ngenkathi zithuthukisa ukufudumala, zinciphise ukwanda kokushisa kanye nokufinyela. Ezisekweni ze-modular ezidinga ukuhlukaniswa njalo, izikhonkwane zokuthola indawo ngokunemba kanye nochungechunge oluthile lwe-bolting olucindezelwe kusengaphambili lusetshenziswa ukuze kube lula ukuhlangana okusheshayo nokunembile ngenkathi kunciphisa ukudluliselwa kokucindezeleka kokufaka okungafuneki esakhiweni esiyinhloko.
Isu Lokuphatha Ikhwalithi Yomjikelezo Wokuphila Ogcwele
Ukuzibophezela ekhwalithini eyisisekelo kudlulela ngale kwendawo yokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa indlela ephelele kuyo yonke impilo yokusebenza.
1. Ukukhiqizwa Nokuqapha Kwedijithali: Ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zeDijithali Ezimbili kuvumela ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kwamapharamitha okukhiqiza, idatha yokucindezeleka, kanye nokufakwa kwemvelo ngamanethiwekhi ezinzwa ahlanganisiwe. Emisebenzini yokusakaza, amakhamera okushisa e-infrared adweba insimu yokushisa yokuqina, futhi idatha ifakwa kumamodeli e-Finite Element Analysis (FEA) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwakheka kwe-riser, kuqinisekiswe ukuncishiswa ngasikhathi sinye kuzo zonke izingxenye. Ukuze kulungiswe i-composite curing, izinzwa ze-embedded Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) ziqapha izinguquko zokucindezeleka ngesikhathi sangempela, okuvumela opharetha ukuthi balungise amapharamitha enqubo futhi bavimbele amaphutha e-interfacial.
2. Ukuqapha Impilo Engaphakathi Kwesevisi: Ukusebenzisa izinzwa ze-Intanethi Yezinto (IoT) kuvumela ukuqapha impilo yesikhathi eside. Amasu anjengokuhlaziywa kokudlidliza kanye nokulinganisa ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo asetshenziswa ukuhlonza izimpawu zokuqala zokuguquka. Ezindaweni ezinkulu njengezisekelo zamabhuloho, ama-accelerometer e-piezoelectric ahlanganisiwe kanye nama-strain gauge akhokhelwa izinga lokushisa, kuhlanganiswe nama-algorithms okufunda komshini, kungabikezela ingozi yokuxazulula noma yokuthambekela. Ukuze uthole izisekelo zethuluzi elinembile, ukuqinisekiswa ngezikhathi ezithile nge-interferometer ye-laser kulandelela ukwehla kokuguquguquka, okubangela ngokuzenzakalelayo izinhlelo zokulungisa okuncane uma ukuguquka kusondela emkhawulweni wokubekezelelana.
3. Ukulungiswa Nokuthuthukiswa Kokwakhiwa Kabusha: Kwezakhiwo eziye zabhekana nokuguquguquka, izinqubo zokulungisa nokuvuselela ezithuthukisiwe ezingabhubhisi zingabuyisela noma zithuthukise ukusebenza kwasekuqaleni. Ukuqhekeka okuncane ezisekelweni zensimbi kungalungiswa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-laser cladding, kufakwe i-alloy powder efanayo ehlangana ne-substrate, okuvame ukuholela endaweni elungisiwe enobunzima obukhulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Izisekelo zekhonkrithi zingaqiniswa ngokujova kwe-epoxy resins ngokucindezela okuphezulu ukugcwalisa izikhala, kulandelwe yi-spray-on polyurea elastomer coating ukuthuthukisa ukumelana namanzi nokwandisa kakhulu isikhathi sokusebenza kwesakhiwo.
Ukulawula ukuguqulwa nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yesikhathi eside yezisekelo zomshini wokunemba okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kuyinqubo edinga ukuhlanganiswa okujulile kwesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezilungiselelwe, kanye nokuphathwa kwekhwalithi okuhlakaniphile nokubikezela. Ngokusekela le ndlela ehlanganisiwe, i-ZHHIMG ithuthukisa kakhulu ukuzivumelanisa kwemvelo kanye nokuqina kwezingxenye eziyisisekelo, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kokusebenza okuphezulu kwemishini abayisekelayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-14-2025