Okokuqala, izinzuzo zesisekelo se-granite
Ukuqina okuphezulu kanye nokuguquguquka okuphansi kokushisa
Ubuningi be-granite buphakeme (cishe 2.6-2.8 g/cm³), kanti i-modulus ye-Young ingafinyelela ku-50-100 GPa, idlula kakhulu lokho okwenziwe ngensimbi evamile. Lokhu kuqina okuphezulu kungavimbela ngempumelelo ukudlidliza kwangaphandle kanye nokuguquguquka komthwalo, futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi umhlahlandlela wokuntanta komoya uyacaba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-coefficient yokwandisa eqondile ye-granite iphansi kakhulu (cishe 5×10⁻⁶/℃), kuphela i-1/3 ye-aluminium alloy, cishe akukho ukujiya kokushisa endaweni yokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ikakhulukazi efanelekela ama-laboratory okushisa ahlala njalo noma izigcawu zezimboni ezinomehluko omkhulu wokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku.
Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokudambisa
Isakhiwo se-granite esine-polycrystalline senza sibe nezici zemvelo zokudambisa, futhi isikhathi sokunciphisa ukudlidliza sishesha ngokuphindwe ka-3-5 kunesensimbi. Enqubweni yokulungisa ngokunemba, singamunca ngempumelelo ukudlidliza okuvame kakhulu njengokuqala nokuma kwemoto, ukusika amathuluzi, futhi sigweme ithonya lokuzwakala kokunemba kokubeka kwepulatifomu ehambayo (inani elijwayelekile lifinyelela ku-±0.1μm).
Ukuqina kobukhulu besikhathi eside
Ngemva kwamakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka yezinqubo ze-geological ezakha i-granite, ukucindezeleka kwayo kwangaphakathi kuye kwakhululwa ngokuphelele, hhayi njengezinto zensimbi ngenxa yokucindezeleka okusele okubangelwa ukuguquka okuhamba kancane. Idatha yokuhlola ikhombisa ukuthi ushintsho losayizi wesisekelo se-granite lungaphansi kuka-1μm/m phakathi nenkathi yeminyaka eyi-10, okuyinto engcono kakhulu kunezakhiwo zensimbi ephonswe noma zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe.
Ayimelani nokugqwala futhi ayinakekeli
I-granite kuya ku-asidi kanye ne-alkali, uwoyela, umswakama kanye nezinye izici zemvelo zinokubekezelelana okunamandla, asikho isidingo sokumboza ungqimba olulwa nokugqwala njalo njengesisekelo sensimbi. Ngemva kokugaya nokupholisha, ubulukhuni bomphezulu bungafinyelela ku-Ra 0.2μm noma ngaphansi, okungasetshenziswa ngqo njengendawo yokuthwala yesitimela sokuqondisa i-float somoya ukuze kuncishiswe amaphutha okuhlanganisa.
Okwesibili, ukulinganiselwa kwesisekelo se-granite
Ubunzima bokucubungula kanye nenkinga yezindleko
I-Granite inobunzima be-Mohs obungu-6-7, obudinga ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi edayimane ukuze kugaywe ngokunemba, ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula kuyi-1/5 kuphela yezinto zensimbi. Isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi somsele we-dovetail, izimbobo ezinezintambo kanye nezinye izici zezindleko zokucubungula ziphakeme, futhi umjikelezo wokucubungula mude (isibonelo, ukucutshungulwa kwepulatifomu engu-2m×1m kuthatha amahora angaphezu kuka-200), okuholela ekutheni izindleko zizonke zibe ngu-30%-50% ngaphezulu kwepulatifomu ye-aluminium alloy.
Ingozi yokuphuka okubuthakathaka
Nakuba amandla okucindezela angafinyelela ku-200-300MPa, amandla okudonsa e-granite ayi-1/10 kuphela. Ukuphuka okubuthakathaka kulula ukwenzeka ngaphansi komthwalo omkhulu wokushayisana, futhi umonakalo kunzima ukuwulungisa. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukugxila ekucindezelekeni ngokuklama kwesakhiwo, njengokusebenzisa ukushintshana kwekona eliyindilinga, ukwandisa inani lamaphuzu okusekela, njll.
Isisindo siletha imikhawulo yesistimu
Ubuningi be-granite buphindwe izikhathi ezingu-2.5 kunobe-aluminium alloy, okuholela ekukhuleni okukhulu kwesisindo sonke sepulatifomu. Lokhu kubeka isidingo esiphezulu kumthamo wokuthwala wesakhiwo sokusekela, futhi ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kungathinteka yizinkinga ze-inertia ezimweni ezidinga ukunyakaza okusheshayo (njengetafula le-lithography wafer).
I-anisotropy yezinto ezibonakalayo
Ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlayiya zamaminerali ze-granite yemvelo kuya ngqo, futhi ubulukhuni kanye ne-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa kwezikhundla ezahlukene kuhlukile kancane (cishe ±5%). Lokhu kungaletha amaphutha angenakubalwa kumapulatifomu anokunemba okukhulu (njengokubekwa kwe-nanoscale), okudingeka kuthuthukiswe ngokukhethwa okuqinile kwezinto kanye nokwelashwa kwe-homogenization (njengokubalwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu).
Njengengxenye eyinhloko yemishini yezimboni enembile kakhulu, ipulatifomu entantayo yomoya ocindezelwe ngokunemba isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwe-semiconductor, ekucubungulweni kwe-optical, ekulinganisweni kokunemba nakwezinye izinkambu. Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziyisisekelo kuthinta ngqo ukuzinza, ukunemba kanye nokuphila kwesevisi yepulatifomu. I-Granite (i-granite yemvelo), enezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele zomzimba, isibe yinto ethandwayo yezisekelo ezinjalo zepulatifomu eminyakeni yamuva.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-09-2025