Njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokubhekisela ezindaweni zokulinganisa ngokunemba, ukumelana nokuguguleka kwama-granite slabs kunquma ngqo impilo yawo yesevisi, ukunemba kokulinganisa, kanye nokuqina kwesikhathi eside. Okulandelayo kuchaza ngokuhlelekile amaphuzu abalulekile okumelana nokuguguleka kwawo kusukela emibonweni yezakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo, izindlela zokuguguleka, izinzuzo zokusebenza, izici ezithonyayo, kanye namasu okulungisa.
1. Izakhiwo Zezinto Ezibalulekile Nezisekelo Zokumelana Nokuguguleka
Ukuqina Okuhle kanye nesakhiwo Esiqinile
Ama-slab e-granite akhiwa ngokuyinhloko i-pyroxene, i-plagioclase, kanye nenani elincane le-biotite. Ngokuguga kwemvelo kwesikhathi eside, athuthukisa isakhiwo esinohlamvu oluncane, afinyelele ubulukhuni be-Mohs obungu-6-7, ubulukhuni be-Shore obudlula i-HS70, kanye namandla okucindezela angu-2290-3750 kg/cm².
Lesi sakhiwo esincane esiminyene (ukumuncwa kwamanzi <0.25%) siqinisekisa ukubopha okuqinile phakathi kwezinhlayiya, okuholela ekumelaneni nokuklwebheka kobuso okuphakeme kakhulu kunensimbi ephonswe ngensimbi (enobulukhuni obungu-HRC 30-40 kuphela).
Ukuguga Kwemvelo Nokukhululwa Kokucindezeleka Kwangaphakathi
Ama-slab e-granite atholakala ekwakhekeni kwamadwala angaphansi komhlaba asezingeni eliphezulu. Ngemva kwezigidi zeminyaka yokuguga ngokwemvelo, zonke izingcindezi zangaphakathi ziye zakhululwa, okuholela kumakristalu amancane, aminyene kanye nokuthungwa okufanayo. Lokhu kuzinza kwenza kube lula ukuthi kube nemifantu emincane noma ukuguquka ngenxa yokushintshashintsha kwengcindezi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwa ukumelana kwayo nokuguguleka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
II. Izindlela Zokugqoka Nokusebenza
Amafomu Okugqoka Okuyinhloko
Ukuguguleka Okungalawuleki: Ukunqunywa okuncane okubangelwa yizinhlayiya eziqinile ezishelelayo noma ezigingqikayo ebusweni. Ubulukhuni obukhulu begranite (obulingana ne-HRC > 51) buyenza imelane nezinhlayiya ezigugulekayo izikhathi eziphindwe kabili kuya kathathu kunensimbi ephonswe ngensimbi, okunciphisa kakhulu ukujula kokuklwebheka kobuso.
Ukuguguleka Okunamathelayo: Ukudluliswa kwezinto kwenzeka phakathi kwezindawo zokuthintana ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu. Izakhiwo ze-granite ezingezona ezensimbi (ukuguquguquka okungeyona i-magnetic kanye nokungeyona ipulasitiki) zivimbela ukunamathelana kwensimbi nensimbi, okuholela ekugugulekeni okucishe kube yi-zero.
Ukukhathala: Ukuqhekeka kobuso okubangelwa ukucindezeleka okujikelezayo. I-modulus ephezulu ye-Granite (1.3-1.5×10⁶kg/cm²) kanye nokumuncwa kwamanzi okuncane (<0.13%) kunikeza ukumelana okuhle kokukhathala, okuvumela ubuso ukuthi bugcine ukukhanya okufana nesibuko ngisho nangemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
Idatha Yokusebenza Ejwayelekile
Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi ama-granite slabs abhekana nokuguguleka okungu-1/5-1/3 kuphela kwama-cast iron slabs ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokusebenza.
Inani le-Ra lobulukhuni bomphezulu lihlala lizinzile ngaphakathi kobubanzi obungu-0.05-0.1μm esikhathini eside, lihlangabezana nezidingo zokunemba ze-Class 000 (ukubekezelelana kokuthamba ≤ 1×(1+d/1000)μm, lapho u-d ubude obuqondile).
III. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zokumelana Nokuguguleka
I-Coefficient Ephansi Yokungqubuzana kanye Nokuzigcoba
Ubuso obubushelelezi be-granite, obunomkhawulo wokungqubuzana okungu-0.1-0.15 kuphela, bunikeza ukumelana okuncane lapho amathuluzi okulinganisa eshelela phezu kwawo, okunciphisa amazinga okuguguleka.
Imvelo yokungabi namafutha kwe-granite isusa ukuguguleka kwesibili okubangelwa uthuli olumuncwa yi-lubricant, okuholela ezindleleni zokulungisa eziphansi kakhulu kunezingcezu zensimbi ezibunjiwe (ezidinga ukusetshenziswa njalo kwamafutha okulwa nokugqwala).
Amelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali kanye nokugqwala
Ukusebenza kahle kakhulu (akukho ukugqwala ngaphakathi kobubanzi be-pH obungu-0-14), kufanelekile ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinomswakama kanye namakhemikhali.
Izakhiwo ezimelana nokugqwala ziqeda ukugqwala kobuso okubangelwa ukugqwala kwensimbi, okuholela ekushintsheni kwesilinganiso sokuthamba esingu-<0.005mm/ngonyaka ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
IV. Izici Eziyinhloko Ezithinta Ukumelana Nokuguguleka
Izinga Lokushisa Eliphakathi Nomswakama
Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa (>±5°C) kungabangela ukwanda nokuncipha kokushisa, okubangela ukuqhekeka okuncane. Indawo yokusebenza enconywayo izinga lokushisa elilawulwayo elingu-20±2°C kanye nomswakama ongu-40-60%.
Umswakama ophezulu (>70%) usheshisa ukungena komswakama. Nakuba i-granite inesilinganiso esiphansi sokumuncwa kwamanzi, ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emswakama kusenganciphisa ubulukhuni bomphezulu.
Ukucindezeleka Komthwalo Nokuxhumana
Ukudlula umthwalo olinganiselwe (ngokuvamile u-1/10 wamandla okucindezela) kungabangela ukuchotshozwa kwendawo. Isibonelo, imodeli ethile ye-granite slab inomthwalo olinganiselwe ongu-500kg/cm². Ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, imithwalo yomthelela yesikhashana edlula leli nani kufanele igwenywe.
Ukusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka kokuthintana okungalingani kusheshisa ukuguguleka. Kunconywa ukwesekwa okunamaphuzu amathathu noma ukwakheka komthwalo osakazwe ngokulinganayo.
Ukugcinwa Nokuhlanza
Ungasebenzisi amabhulashi ensimbi noma amathuluzi aqinile lapho uhlanza. Sebenzisa indwangu engenalo uthuli emanziswe nge-isopropyl alcohol ukuze ugweme ukuklwebha indawo.
Hlola njalo ubulukhuni bomphezulu. Uma inani le-Ra lidlula u-0.2μm, kudingeka ukugaya kabusha nokulungisa.
V. Amasu Okulungisa Nokuthuthukisa Ukumelana Nokuguguleka
Ukusetshenziswa Nokugcinwa Okufanele
Gwema ukushayisana okukhulu noma ukuwa. Amandla okushayisana angaphezu kuka-10J angabangela ukulahlekelwa okusanhlamvu.
Sebenzisa isisekelo ngesikhathi sokugcina bese umboza indawo ngefilimu engangeni uthuli ukuze uvimbele uthuli ukuthi lungene kuma-micropores.
Yenza Ukulinganisa Okunembile Okuvamile
Hlola ukuthi i-flat iphansi ngezinga le-elekthronikhi njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Uma iphutha lidlula ububanzi bokubekezelela (isb., iphutha elivumelekile lepuleti lebanga elingu-00 lingu-≤2×(1+d/1000)μm), buyisela efektri ukuze kulungiswe kahle.
Faka i-wax evikelayo ngaphambi kokugcina isikhathi eside ukuze unciphise ukugqwala kwemvelo.
Amasu Okulungisa Nokuvuselela
Ukuguguleka kwendawo <0.1mm kungalungiswa endaweni nge-diamond abrasive paste ukuze kubuyiselwe isiphetho sesibuko esingu-Ra ≤0.1μm.
Ukuguguleka okujulile (>0.3mm) kudinga ukubuyiselwa efektri ukuze kugaywe kabusha, kodwa lokhu kuzonciphisa ukujiya kwepuleti iyonke (ibanga lokugaya elilodwa ≤0.5mm).
Ukumelana nokuguguleka kwama-granite slabs kuvela ekusebenzisaneni phakathi kwezakhiwo zawo zemvelo zamaminerali kanye nomshini wokulungisa ngokunemba. Ngokwenza ngcono indawo yokusetshenziswa, ukwenza inqubo yokulungisa ibe yijwayelekile kanye nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulungisa, ingaqhubeka nokukhombisa izinzuzo zayo zokunemba okuhle kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside endaweni yokulinganisa ngokunemba, ibe ithuluzi lokulinganisa ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-10-2025