Emkhakheni wokulinganisa ukunemba, amathuluzi okulinganisa okubona amashafti adlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukunemba kobukhulu nokuma kwezingxenye zeshaft. Ukuzinza nokumelana nokugqwala kwezisekelo zazo ezindaweni ezinomswakama kuthinta ngokuqondile ukunemba kwemiphumela yokulinganisa kanye nempilo yesevisi yemishini. Ukubhekana nezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinomswakama ophezulu njengama-workshops ezimbonini nezindawo ezisogwini, izisekelo ze-granite, ezinempahla yazo eyingqayizivele kanye nezinzuzo zokulwa nokugqwala, sekube yisinqumo esifanele sezinsimbi zokulinganisa optical for shafts.
Izinselelo zezindawo eziswakeme ukuya esisekelweni sezinsimbi zokulinganisa
Indawo enomswakama iyinkinga enkulu ebhekene nesisekelo sezinsimbi zokulinganisa ze-shaft optical. Umswakama emoyeni ngeke ugoqe kuphela ebusweni besisekelo ukuze wenze ifilimu yamanzi, kodwa futhi ungangena ngaphakathi kwempahla. Ezisekelweni zensimbi, ezifana nezisekelo zensimbi noma insimbi, indawo enomswakama ingabangela kalula i-oxidation nokugqwala, okuholela ekugqwaleni nasekuxebukeni kwendawo ephansi, okubuye kuthinte ukunemba kokufakwa nokuzinza kwethuluzi lokulinganisa. Khonamanjalo, ukugqwala okukhiqizwa ukugqwala kungase futhi kungene ezingxenyeni ezinembayo zensimbi yokulinganisa, okubangela ukuguga nokuminyana kwezingxenye, okuthinta kakhulu ukunemba kokulinganisa nokusebenza okuvamile kwemishini. Ukwengeza, ukunwetshwa kokushisa nomphumela wokufinyela okubangelwa izinguquko zomswakama kungaholela ezinguqukweni ezincane kusayizi wesisekelo, okubangela ukuba ireferensi yokulinganisa ishintshe futhi kubangele amaphutha okulinganisa angenakuzitshwa.
Impahla yemvelo yokulwa nokugqwala yegwadle
I-Granite, njengohlobo lwamatshe emvelo, inenzuzo engokwemvelo yokulwa nokubola. Amakristalu amaminerali angaphakathi acwebezeliswe eduze futhi isakhiwo siminyene futhi siyafana, sakha umgoqo wokuvikela wemvelo ovimbela kakhulu ukungena kwamanzi. Ngokungafani nezinto zensimbi, i-granite ayihlanganisi amakhemikhali nezinto ezivamile ezine-asidi noma ezine-alkali. Ngisho noma ibekwe endaweni enomswakama equkethe amagesi abolayo noma uketshezi isikhathi eside, ingagcina izici zamakhemikhali ezinzile futhi ngeke ibe nezinkinga ezinjengokugqwala noma ukugqwala.
Emabhizinisini akhiqiza imishini ezindaweni ezisogwini, umswakama womoya ezindaweni zokusebenzela uphezulu ngokungaguquki unyaka wonke futhi uqukethe inani elithile likasawoti. Ithuluzi lokulinganisa le-optical lamashafti anezisekelo zensimbi ekhonjiwe lizobonisa izenzakalo ezisobala zokugqwala ezinyangeni ezimbalwa nje, futhi iphutha lokulinganisa lizoqhubeka likhula. Ithuluzi lokulinganisa elinesisekelo segwadle lihlale libushelelezi futhi lilisha njengangaphambilini ngemva kweminyaka embalwa yokusetshenziswa, futhi ukunemba kwalo kokulinganisa bekuhlezi kuzinzile, okubonisa ngokugcwele ukusebenza okuvelele kokunqanda ukugqwala kwegwadle endaweni enomswakama.
Izinzuzo eziphelele zokusebenza kwezisekelo ze-granite
Ngaphezu kokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, isisekelo se-granite sinezinye izinzuzo eziningi, sinikeza ukuvikeleka okuphelele kokusebenza okuzinzile kwethuluzi lokulinganisa i-shaft optical endaweni enomswakama. I-coefficient yokunwetshwa okushisayo kwegwadle iphansi kakhulu, kuphela 5-7 ×10⁻⁶/℃. Ngaphansi kokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa okubangelwa izinguquko zomswakama, ayibi nokuguquka kobukhulu, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside kwereferensi yokulinganisa. Ngaleso sikhathi, izici ezinhle kakhulu zokudambisa ukudlidliza kwegwadle zingamunca kahle ukudlidliza kwangaphandle. Ngisho noma isisetshenziswa sithola ukukhala okuncane ngenxa yethonya lomhwamuko wamanzi endaweni enomswakama, ukudlidliza kungancishiswa ngokushesha, kugwenywe ukuphazamiseka nokunemba kokulinganisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kokucubungula ukunemba okuphezulu, isisekelo se-granite singafinyelela ukucaba okuphezulu kakhulu, sinikeze ireferensi ethembekile yokulinganisa okunemba okuphezulu kwezingxenye ze-shaft. Isici sayo sokuqina okuphezulu (ukuqina kwe-Mohs kwe-6-7) kwenza indawo ephansi ibe nokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqoka. Ngisho nokusetshenziswa njalo endaweni enomswakama, mancane amathuba okuthi iguge, iqhubeke inwebe impilo yesevisi yensimbi yokulinganisa.
Emkhakheni wokulinganisa okubonakalayo kwamashafu anezidingo ezinemba kakhulu, ukugqwala nokuzinza okubangelwa izindawo ezinomswakama azinakuzitshwa. Izisekelo ze-Granite, ezinezakhiwo zazo zemvelo zokulwa nokugqwala, ukusebenza komzimba okuzinzile kanye nezinzuzo eziphelele ezivelele, zibe yisixazululo esiphezulu salezi zinkinga. Ukukhetha ithuluzi lokulinganisa elibonakalayo lamashafti anesisekelo segwadle kungaqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo nokuzinzile endaweni enomswakama, ukukhishwa kwedatha yokulinganisa enembile nethembekile, futhi kuvikele ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yezimboni ezifana nokukhiqiza imishini kanye ne-aerospace.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-13-2025