Ekukhiqizeni okunembile, ukuhlanganiswa kwezindiza, kanye nezitolo zamathuluzi nezinsimbi ezisezingeni eliphezulu kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika, kuneqiniso elithule kodwa elibucayi ososayensi bemetro abanolwazi abaphila ngalo: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amathuluzi akho athuthuke kangakanani, izilinganiso zakho zithembeke kuphela njengobuso okubhekiselwe kubo. Futhi uma kukhulunywa ngokunemba okuyisisekelo, akukho lutho—kungaba insimbi ecijile, hhayi insimbi, noma inhlanganisela—olufana nokuqina okuhlala njalo kwepuleti lokuhlola i-granite. Kodwa naphezu kwendima yalo ebalulekile, le nto ebalulekile ivame ukubhekwa njengebhentshi lokusebenzela elingasebenzi kunokuba kube yindinganiso yemetrology esebenzayo njengoba injalo ngempela.
Imiphumela yalokho kuqapha ingaba yinto ecashile kodwa ebiza kakhulu. Umshini uhlela i-fixture eyinkimbinkimbi esebenzisa ama-height gauges epuletini eligugile noma elingaqinisekisiwe. Umhloli uqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokuvala ithambile nge-dial indicator efakwe esisekelweni esigobile. Unjiniyela wekhwalithi uvuma i-batch esekelwe kudatha ye-CMM engakaze iqinisekiswe ngokumelene ne-reference plane eyaziwayo. Esimweni ngasinye, amathuluzi angase asebenze kahle—kodwa isisekelo esingaphansi kwawo siyaphazamiseka. Yingakho ukuqonda amakhono, imikhawulo, kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele kwepuleti lakho lokuhlola i-granite, ikakhulukazi lapho usebenza nezinhlelo ezinkulu zepuleti le-granite surface, akuyona nje indlela enhle—kuyisidingo sokugcina ikhwalithi elandelekayo nevikelekile.
I-Granite ibilokhu iyinto ekhethwayoizindawo zokubhekisela ezinembilekusukela maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, futhi ngenxa yezizathu zesayensi eziphoqelelayo. Isakhiwo sayo esiqinile, esinohlamvu oluncane sinikeza ukuqina okungavamile, ukwanda okuncane kokushisa (ngokuvamile okungu-6–8 µm/m·°C), kanye nokunciphisa ukudlidliza kwemvelo—konke kubalulekile ekulinganisweni okuphindaphindwayo. Ngokungafani namapuleti ensimbi, agqwala, agcina ukucindezeleka, futhi anwebeka ngokuphawulekayo ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, i-granite ihlala izinzile ngosayizi ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile ze-workshop. Yingakho amazinga afana ne-ASME B89.3.7 kanye ne-ISO 8512-2 echaza i-granite—hhayi njengento ekhethwayo, kodwa njengemfuneko eyisisekelo—yamapuleti obuso eBangeni 00 kuya kuBanga 1 asetshenziswa ekulinganisweni nasekuhlolweni.
Kodwa usayizi wethula izinselele ezintsha.ipuleti lobuso begranite— ake sithi, u-2000 x 1000 mm noma ngaphezulu—akuyona nje inguqulo ekhulisiwe yepuleti lebhentshi. Isisindo sayo (ngokuvamile esingaphezu kuka-800 kg) sidinga i-geometry yokusekela eqondile ukuvimbela ukugoba. Ama-gradients okushisa kuwo wonke ubuningi bawo angadala ama-micro-curvatures uma engavumelani kahle. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi ukubekezelelana kokuthamba kuyakhula ngobukhulu (isb., ±13 µm yepuleti le-Grade 0 elingu-2000 x 1000 mm nge-ISO 8512-2), ngisho nokuphambuka okuncane kuba okubalulekile emabangeni amade. Yilapho ubuciko buhlangana khona nobunjiniyela: amapuleti e-granite amakhulu angempela awasikwa nje futhi acwebezelwe—ancishiswa ukucindezeleka izinyanga, abanjwe ngesandla amasonto amaningi, futhi aqinisekiswe kusetshenziswa ama-interferometer e-laser noma amazinga kagesi kumaphuzu amaningi ebusweni.
Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo yindlela la mapuleti ahlangana ngayo namathuluzi okulinganisa ipuleti lobuso. Amageyiji okuphakama, izinkomba zokuhlola ukudayela, imigoqo ye-sine, izikwele zokunemba, amabhlogo we-gage, kanye nama-comparators okukhanya konke kucabanga ukuthi ubuso obungaphansi buyindilinga ephelele. Uma kungenjalo, konke ukufundwa kuzuza lelo phutha. Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa igeyiji yokuphakama yedijithali ukukala ukuphakama kwezinyathelo kubhulokhi yenjini, ukucwilisa okungu-10-micron epuletini kuhumusha ngqo kube yiphutha elingu-10-micron kubukhulu bakho obubikiwe—noma ngabe igeyiji ngokwayo ilinganiswe kahle. Yingakho amalabhu aphezulu engabi nepuleti le-granite kuphela; baliphatha njengendinganiso yokuphila, bahlela ukulinganiswa kabusha okuvamile, balawula ukuchayeka kwemvelo, futhi babhala phansi konke ukusetshenziswa.
Kwa-ZHHIMG, sizibonele mathupha ukuthi ukushintshela epuletini lokuhlola i-granite eliqinisekisiwe kuguqula kanjani imiphumela yekhwalithi. Omunye umenzi wesikhunta waseYurophu washintsha itafula labo lensimbi elidala ngepuleti le-granite le-Grade 0 elingu-1500 x 1000 mm futhi wabona ukwehluka kokulinganisa kwabasebenzi be-inter-operators kwehla ngo-40%. Amathuluzi abo ayengashintshile—kodwa ireferensi yabo yayishintshile. Elinye iklayenti emkhakheni wemishini yezokwelapha liphumelele ukuhlolwa okuqinile kwe-FDA kuphela ngemuva kokunikeza izitifiketi zokulinganisa ezigcwele zepuleti labo elikhulu le-granite surface, okubonisa ukulandeleka kwezindinganiso zikazwelonke. Lokhu akuzona ukunqoba okuhlukile; kuyimiphumela ebikezelwayo uma uqinisa i-metrology yakho eqinisweni elingokoqobo.
Kufanelekile futhi ukulahla inganekwane evamile: ukuthi i-granite iyaphuka. Nakuba ingaqhekeka uma ishaywa ngensimbi eqinile, ihlala isikhathi eside ngokuphawulekayo uma isetshenziswa ngendlela evamile. Ayigqwali, ayidingi ukugcotshwa ngamafutha, futhi ngeke iphenduke umswakama noma ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okuphakathi. Ngokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo—ukuhlanza njalo nge-isopropyl alcohol, ukugwema ukushayisana okuqondile, kanye nokusekelwa okufanele—ikhwalithi ephezuluipuleti le-graniteingahlala iminyaka engama-30 noma ngaphezulu. Amapuleti amaningi afakwe ngawo-1970 asasebenza nsuku zonke nanamuhla, ukuthamba kwawo akukashintshi.
Uma ukhetha ipuleti lokuhlola indawo ye-granite, bheka ngale kobuhle. Qinisekisa ibanga (Ibanga 00 lamalabhorethri okulinganisa, Ibanga 0 lokuhlola okunembe kakhulu), qinisekisa ukuthi isitifiketi sifaka imephu yokuthamba (hhayi nje isitembu sokudlula/sokwehluleka), futhi uqinisekise ukuthi umhlinzeki unikeza isiqondiso mayelana nokusetha, ukuphatha, kanye nezikhawu zokulinganisa kabusha. Ngokufakwa kwepuleti lokuhlola indawo enkulu ye-granite, buza ngezitendi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezinezinyawo zokulinganisa ezilungisekayo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kokudlidliza—okubalulekile ekugcineni ukunemba ezindaweni zokukhiqiza.
Futhi khumbula: amathuluzi akho okulinganisa ipuleti lobuso athembekile kuphela njengobuso ahlala kulo. I-gaugeonawarpedtable engu-10,000ubude ayinembile kakhulu kune-100 epuletini le-granite eliqinisekisiwe. Ukunemba akuphathelene nethuluzi elibiza kakhulu—kumayelana nereferensi ethembeke kakhulu.
Kwa-ZHHIMG, sibambisana nama-workshop angochwepheshe ahlanganisa amasu okuhlanganisa amaqhinga nokuqinisekiswa kwesimanje kwe-metrology. Ipuleti ngalinye esilinikezayo lihlolwa ngazinye, lihlelwe ngokulandelana, futhi lihambisana nesitifiketi esiphelele se-NIST esingalandeleka. Asikholelwa "ekusondeleni ngokwanele." Ku-metrology, ayikho into enjalo.
Ngakho-ke zibuze: lapho ingxenye yakho ebaluleke kakhulu idlula ekuhlolweni kokugcina, ingabe uyayethemba inombolo—noma ubuze ubuso obungaphansi kwayo? Impendulo inganquma ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwakho okulandelayo kuyimpumelelo noma kuyisithiyo. Ngoba ezweni lokunemba, ubuqotho buqala kusukela phansi kuya phezulu. Futhi kwa-ZHHIMG, sizibophezele ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi isisekelo siqinile, sizinzile, futhi sinengqondo ngokwesayensi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-09-2025