Ekufuneni okungapheli kokukhiqiza okungenasici, ukuhlolwa kobukhulu kuvame ukuxhomekeka ebuqothweni bobudlelwano obuyi-angular kanye nobe-perpendicular. Ngenkathi ipuleti elingaphezulu linikeza isisekelo se-flatness, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izici zomsebenzi zi-perpendicular ngokuphelele kuleyo plane kudinga ithuluzi lokubhekisela elikhethekile, elizinzile ngokulinganayo. Yilapho-keisikwele segranite,kanye nomzala wayo onembile kakhulu, i-granite tri square, baqinisa indima yabo ebalulekile elabhorethri ye-metrology. Lawa mathuluzi, kanye nezesekeli ezibalulekile njengesisekelo se-granite sezitendi ze-dial gauge, amelela isiqinisekiso esithule sokuthi izilinganiso ze-angular ziyahlangabezana nokubekezelelana okudinga kakhulu.
Kungani i-Granite Ilawula Amathuluzi Okubhekisela Okulinganiselwe
Ukukhetha i-granite—ikakhulukazi i-diabase emnyama enobukhulu obuphezulu—kulawa mathuluzi kuyindaba yesidingo esingokwenyama. Ngokungafani nezikwele zensimbi noma ukufana kwensimbi ephonswe, i-granite inikeza inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yezinto eziqinile ezenza kube yinto engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa iqiniso lejiyometri:
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Ukuzinza Okulinganayo: I-Granite ine-Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) ephansi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa endaweni yelebhu akudali ukuphambuka kwejometri okulinganiselwe. Isikwele sensimbi, ngokuphambene nalokho, singagoba kancane, sibeke engcupheni i-engeli ebalulekile engama-degree angu-90.
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Ukumelana Nokugqokwa Okungavuthi: Lapho izinsimbi zokulinganisa noma izingcezu zomsebenzi zishelela ebusweni be-granite, izinto ziyaguga ngokuqhekeka okuncane kunokuguqulwa noma ukubhoboka. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuthi umphetho noma ubuso obubalulekile bugcina ukunemba kwejometri isikhathi eside.
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Ukumuncwa Kokudlidliza: Isakhiwo sekristalu semvelo kanye nobuningi begranite kunciphisa ngempumelelo ukudlidliza kwemvelo. Lokhu kubalulekile lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-angular okubucayi kakhulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulinganisa kuzinzile futhi kuthembekile.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwesikwele se-granite kusho ukuthi kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi singaphakathi kwamasentimitha ambalwa amancane okuma okuqondile (isikwele) ngaphezu kokuphakama kwaso konke ukusebenza, okuqinisekisa indima yaso njengereferensi eqondile yokuqondanisa amathuluzi omshini nokuhlolwa komkhiqizo.
Indima kanye Nomsebenzi Wesikwele Se-Granite Tri
Nakuba isikwele segranite esijwayelekile sivame ukuba nobuso obubili obuqondile obuyinhloko, isikwele segranite tri sithatha inkomba ye-angle enembile isinyathelo esengeziwe. Leli thuluzi eliyingqayizivele liqukethe ubuso bomhlaba obuqondile obune, obuhlanu, noma obuyisithupha obuklanywe ngendlela efanele ukuze bube yisikwele ngokuphelele komunye nomunye. Le geometry yenza kube ithuluzi eliphelele lokuhlola ukuhambisana kwemishini—njengezikhungo zomshini eziqondile noma ama-CMM—lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlola ukufana kanye nokuma okuqondile kuzo zonke izingqimba eziningi.
Ukusebenzisa isikwele se-granite tri kuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi benze ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwe-geometry yomshini okungenakukwazi ukwenziwa isikwele esilula. Isibonelo, ekusethweni kwe-CMM, isikwele se-tri singabekwa epuletini lobuso ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Z-axis iqondile ngempela endizeni ye-XY, futhi ngasikhathi sinye kuhlolwe ukuhambisana kwezindlela eziqondile. Ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nokuqina kwesikwele se-tri kuvimbela noma yikuphi ukungabaza mayelana nendinganiso yokubhekisela, kuhlukanisa noma yiliphi iphutha elilinganisiwe kuthuluzi lomshini ngokwalo kunokuba kube kudivayisi yokuhlola. Itholakala ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, isikwele se-tri sibalulekile ekufinyeleleni amazinga aphezulu okunemba kwe-angular afunwa yizimboni ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwezindiza kanye namadivayisi ezokwelapha.
Ukuqinisa Ukufunda: Isisekelo Se-Granite Sezitendi Zokulinganisa I-Dial
Ukunemba ku-metrology yobukhulu akugcini nje ngokuphathelene nendiza yokubhekisela; kumayelana nokuqina kwethuluzi lokulinganisa ngokwalo. Isisekelo se-granite se-dial gauge kanye nama-geuge okuphakama sisebenza njengesixhumi esibalulekile phakathi kwethuluzi lokufunda kanye nepuleti eliyinhloko lobuso.
Kungani kufanele usebenzise isisekelo segranite esikhundleni sesensimbi? Impendulo ilele ekuqineni nasekuzinzeni. Isisekelo esikhulu segranite sinikeza ukuqina okuphezulu kanye nokunciphisa ukudlidliza kwesitendi se-gauge, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukunyakaza okuncane noma ukudlidliza kwangaphandle akuguquguquki okunephutha ku-dial indicator. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthamba okungokwemvelo kwesisekelo ngokwaso kuqinisekisa ukuthi ikholomu yegeji ibanjwe ngokuqondile epuletini elingaphezulu kulo lonke uhambo lwayo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekulinganisweni okuqhathanisayo, lapho i-dial gauge kufanele ilandelele isici ibanga elide, futhi noma yiliphi idwala elincane noma ukungazinzi esisekelweni se-stand kungaletha iphutha le-cosine noma ukuthambekela ekufundeni. Ukuqina okunikezwa isisekelo segranite esakhelwe injongo yemishini ye-dial gauge kuthuthukisa ukuphindaphindeka kanye nokuzethemba kwazo zonke izilinganiso ezithathiwe.
Ukutshalwa Kwezimali Ekuthembekeni Kwejiyometri
Izindleko zala mathuluzi okubhekisela e-granite, yize ziphakeme kunezawo zensimbi, zimelela ukutshalwa kwezimali okunengqondo ekuqineni kwejometri. Lawa mathuluzi ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, uma nje ephathwa futhi egcinwe kahle. Awagqwali, futhi izici zawo zokuguguleka eziphakeme zisho ukuthi isitifiketi sawo sokuqala sokunemba sisebenza iminyaka eminingi, ngokuvamile amashumi eminyaka.
Isici sangempela sezindleko okufanele sicatshangelwe yizindleko zephutha. Ukuthembela esikweleni sensimbi esingaqinisekisiwe noma esitendini se-gauge yensimbi esingazinzile kungaholela emaphutheni e-angular esistimu ezingxenyeni ezikhiqiziwe. Lokhu kuphumela ekusetshenzisweni kabusha okubizayo, ukwanda kwezinsalela, futhi ekugcineni, ukulahlekelwa ukuzethemba kwamakhasimende. Ukutshala imali esikweleni se-granite tri esiqinisekisiwe sokulungiswa komshini nokusebenzisa isisekelo se-granite esithembekile sezitendi ze-gauge ye-dial kunciphisa lezi zingozi ngokunikeza indawo yokubhekisela ecacile nezinzile.
Ngamafuphi, isikwele se-granite kanye namathuluzi aso okukala ahlobene akuzona nje izesekeli; kuyizindinganiso ezingaxoxiswana ngazo eziqinisekisa ukunemba kwenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ziyizivikelo ezithule zokunemba kwe-angular, eziqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye eziphuma phansi kwesitolo zihlangabezana nezimpawu zejometri eziqondile ezidingekayo embonini yanamuhla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-04-2025