Ukucatshangelwa kokukhetha
Lapho ukhetha inkundla yegwadle, kufanele uhambisane nezimiso "zokunemba kokufanisa uhlelo lokusebenza, usayizi ovumelana nendawo yokusebenza, kanye nesitifiketi esiqinisekisa ukuthobela." Okulandelayo kuchaza indlela yokukhetha esemqoka emibonweni emithathu ewumongo:
Izinga Lokunemba: Ukufaniswa Kwesimo Esiqondile Kwamalebhu Nezinkundla Zokusebenzela
Amaleveli okunemba ahlukene ahambisana nezimo ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza, futhi ukukhetha kufanele kusekelwe ezidingweni ezinembayo zendawo yokusebenza:
Amalabhorethri/Amagumbi Okuhlola Ikhwalithi: Amabanga anconyiwe Ikilasi 00 (ukusebenza okunembe kakhulu) noma Ikilasi AA (ukunemba okungu-0.005 mm). Lokhu kulungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinembe kakhulu ezifana nokulinganisa i-metrology nokuhlolwa kokubona, njengezinkundla eziyinkomba zemishini yokulinganisa yokuxhumanisa (ama-CMM).
Ama-workshops/Amasayithi Okukhiqiza: Ukukhetha Ikilasi 0 noma Ikilasi B (ukunemba okungu-0.025 mm) kungahlangabezana nezidingo ezijwayelekile zokuhlolwa kwesiqephu sokusebenza, njengokuqinisekiswa kobukhulu bezingxenye zomshini ze-CNC, kuyilapho kulinganisa ukuqina nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Osayizi: Ukusuka Okujwayelekile kuya Ekuhleleni Kwendawo Ngokwezifiso
Usayizi weplathifomu kufanele uhlangabezane nakho kokubili ukubekwa kwendawo yokusebenza kanye nezidingo zendawo yokusebenza:
Ifomula Eyisisekelo: Indawo yesikhulumi kufanele ibe yinkulu ngo-20% kunocezu lokusebenza olukhulukazi oluhlolwayo, okuvumela ukuvunyelwa kwemajini. Isibonelo, ukuhlola i-workpiece engu-500 × 600 mm, usayizi we-600 × 720 mm noma ngaphezulu uyanconywa.
Osayizi Abajwayelekile: Osayizi abajwayelekile basukela ku-300×200×60 mm (abancane) ukuya ku-48×96×10 amayintshi (abakhulu). Osayizi bangokwezifiso ukusuka ku-400×400 mm kuya ku-6000×3000 mm bayatholakala ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile.
Izici ezengeziwe: Khetha kuma-T-slots, izimbobo ezinentambo, noma imiklamo yomphetho (njenge-0-ledge kanye ne-4-ledge) ukuze uthuthukise ukuguquguquka kokufakwa kwesakhiwo.
Isitifiketi Nokuthobelana: Ukuqinisekiswa Okukabili Kokuthekelisa Nekhwalithi
Isitifiketi Esibalulekile: Ukuthunyelwa kwezimakethe zaseYurophu nezaseMelika kudinga abahlinzeki bempahla ukuthi banikeze isitifiketi se-ISO 17025 sefomu elide, okuhlanganisa idatha yokulinganisa, ukungaqiniseki, neminye imingcele ebalulekile, ukuze kugwenywe ukubambezeleka kokuvunyelwa kwempahla ngenxa yokungaphelele kwemibhalo. Amazinga Okwengeza: Ngekhwalithi eyisisekelo, bheka amazinga afana ne-DIN 876 kanye ne-JIS ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukubekezelela flatness (isb, Ibanga 00 ±0.000075 amayintshi) kanye nokuminyana kwezinto (igwagwa elimnyama likhethwa ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esiminyene kanye nokumelana nokuguquka) kuyahlangabezana nezindinganiso.
Ireferensi esheshayo yokukhetha
Izicelo zaselabhorethri ezinembayo eziphezulu: IBanga 00/AA + 20% elikhulu kunocezu lokusebenza + isitifiketi se-ISO 17025
Ukuhlolwa komhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi okujwayelekile: IBanga 0/B + ubukhulu obujwayelekile (isb., 48×60 amayintshi) + Ukuhambisana neDIN/JIS
Ukuthekelisa e-Europe nase-United States: Isitifiketi se-ISO 17025 sefomu elide siyimpoqo ukuze kugwenywe ubungozi bokugunyazwa kwentela.
Ngokufanisa okunembayo, ukubala kobukhulu besayensi, nokuqinisekisa okuqinile nesitifiketi, siqinisekisa ukuthi izinkundla zegwadle zihlangabezana nazo zombili izidingo zokukhiqiza kanye namazinga okuthobela uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni jikelele.
Izincomo Zokunakekela Nokulinganisa
Ukusebenza okunembayo kwamaplathifomu egwadle kuncike ekunakekeleni kwesayensi nesistimu yokulinganisa. Okulandelayo kunikeza isiqondiso sochwepheshe kusuka emibonweni emithathu: ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, isitoreji sesikhathi eside, nokuqinisekiswa kokunemba, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka okuqhubekayo kwesisekelo sokulinganisa.
Ukugcinwa Kwansuku zonke: Amaphuzu Abalulekile Wokuhlanza Nokuvikela
Izinqubo zokuhlanza ziyisisekelo sokugcina ukunemba. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, qiniseka ukuthi ingaphezulu alinawo amabala. Sincoma ukusula ngamanzi angu-50% kanye nesisombululo se-isopropyl alcohol esingu-50%. Yomisa ngendwangu ethambile noma ithawula lephepha ukuze ugweme ukulimaza ingaphezulu legwadle ngezihlanzi ezine-asidi noma imikhiqizo e-abrasive. Ngaphambi kokubeka izingxenye, gwema ngobumnene ngamatshe ukuze ususe ama-burrs noma imiphetho ebukhali. Gcoba amatshe ndawonye ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ukuze uhlanze isiteji ukuze uvikele ukungcola ekukunwayeleni. Okubalulekile: Ayikho i-lubricant edingekayo, njengoba ifilimu kawoyela izothinta ngokuqondile ukunemba kokulinganisa.
I-Daily Maintenance Taboos
Ungazisebenzisi izihlanzi ezine-ammonia ezifana ne-Windex (engase idle indawo engaphezulu).
Gwema imithelela ngezinto ezisindayo noma ukuhudula ngokuqondile ngamathuluzi ensimbi.
Ngemuva kokuhlanza, qiniseka ukuthi uyomisa kahle ukuvimbela amabala amanzi asele.
Isitoreji Sesikhathi Eside: I-Anti-Deformation kanye Nokuvimbela Uthuli
Uma ingasetshenziswa, thatha izinyathelo zokuvikela ezimbili: Sincoma ukuthi umboze indawo engaphezulu ngeplywood engu-1/8-1/2 intshi elayishwe ngomzwelo noma irabha, noma isembozo sothuli esizinikezele, ukuze siyihlukanise othulini namaqhubu engozi. Indlela yokweseka kufanele ihambisane ngokuqinile nokucaciswa kombuso kwe-GGG-P-463C, kusetshenziswa amaphuzu amathathu angashintshi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusatshalaliswa komthwalo okufanayo futhi kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuwohloka kwe-sag. Amaphuzu okusekela kufanele ahambisane nezimpawu ezingaphansi kweplatifomu.
Isiqinisekiso Sokunemba: Isikhathi Sokulinganisa kanye Nohlelo Lokunikeza Izitifiketi
Ukulinganisa kwaminyaka yonke kuyanconywa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iphutha le-flatness lihlala lihambisana nezinga lokuqala. Ukulinganisa kufanele kwenziwe endaweni elawulwayo emazingeni okushisa angashintshi angu-20°C kanye nomswakama ukuze kugwenywe ama-gradients noma ukugeleza komoya okungase kuphazamise imiphumela yokulinganisa.
Ukuze uthole isitifiketi, zonke izinkundla ziza nesitifiketi sokulinganisa esingalandelelwa ku-NIST noma kumazinga alinganayo wamazwe ngamazwe, okuqinisekisa ukucaba nokuphindaphinda. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinemba okuphezulu njenge-aerospace, izinsiza ezengeziwe zokulinganisa ze-UKAS/ANAB ezigunyazwe i-ISO 17025 zingacelwa, okuthuthukisa ukuthobela ikhwalithi ngokugunyaza okuvela eceleni.
Amathiphu Wokulinganisa
Qinisekisa ukufaneleka kwesitifiketi sokulinganisa ngaphambi kokusisebenzisa okokuqala.
Ukulinganisa kabusha kuyadingeka ngemva kokugaya kabusha noma ukusetshenziswa kwenkambu (ngokuhambisana ne-ASME B89.3.7).
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa umkhiqizi wangempela noma umhlinzeki wesevisi ogunyaziwe ukuze kulinganiswe ukuze kugwenywe ukulahlekelwa unomphela kokunemba ngenxa yokusebenza okungafaneleki.
Lezi zinyathelo ziqinisekisa ukuthi inkundla yegwadle igcina ukuqina kokulinganisa kwezinga le-micron phakathi nempilo yesevisi engaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10, ihlinzeka ngokulinganisa okuqhubekayo nokuthembekile kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nokuhlolwa kwengxenye ye-aerospace kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesikhunta ngokunemba.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-11-2025