Qedela umshini we-cmm nomhlahlandlela wokulinganisa

Uyini umshini we-CMM?

Cabanga ngomshini wesitayela se-CNC okwazi ukwenza izilinganiso eziqondile kakhulu ngendlela ezenzakalelayo kakhulu. Yilokho okwenziwa yi-CMM!

I-CMM imele "ukuxhumanisa umshini wokulinganisa". Zingamadivayisi wokulinganisa wokugcina we-3D ngokuya ngenhlanganisela yawo yokuguquguquka okujwayelekile, ukunemba, kanye nesivinini.

Izicelo zokuxhumanisa imishini yokulinganisa

Ukudidiyela imishini yokulinganisa kubaluleke nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho izilinganiso ezinembile zidinga ukwenziwa. Futhi izilinganiso eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu noma eziningi, inenzuzo eyengeziwe ukusebenzisa i-CMM.

Imvamisa ama-CMM asetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi. Okusho ukuthi, asetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ingxenye ihlangabezana nezidingo zemiklamo kanye nokucaciswa kwayo.

Zingase futhi zisetshenziselwereverse njiniyelaIzingxenye ezikhona ngokwenza izilinganiso ezinembile zezici zabo.

Ngubani owasungula imishini ye-CMM?

Imishini yokuqala ye-CMM yathuthukiswa yinkampani ye-Ferranti yeScotland ngawo-1950. Bebedingeka ekulinganiseni izingxenye eziqondile ezimbonini ze-aerospace nezokuvikela. Imishini yokuqala kuphela yayinamazembe ama-2 wokunyakaza. Imishini emi-3 ye-axis yethulwe ngawo-1960 yi-DEA ye-Italy. Ukulawulwa kwekhompyutha kwaqhamuka ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1970, kwaqalwa yiSheffield of USA.

Izinhlobo zemishini ye-CMM

Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zomshini wokulinganisa wokuxhumanisa:

• Uhlobo lwebhuloho Cmm: Kulomklamo, okuvame kakhulu, ikhanda le-CMM ligibela ebhulohweni. Uhlangothi olulodwa lwebhulohweni lugibela ujantshi embhedeni, kanti elinye lisekelwa embhedeni womoya noma enye indlela embhedeni ngaphandle kwesitimela somhlahlandlela.
• ICantilever CMM: I-Cantilever isekela leli bhuloho ohlangothini olulodwa.
• I-Gantry CMM: I-Gantry isebenzisa isitimela somhlahlandlela kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, njenge-CNC Router. Lokhu ngokuvamile kungama-CMM amakhulu kunawo wonke, ngakho-ke badinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe.
• I-Horilontal Arm CMM: Bheka i-cantilever, kepha nebhuloho lonke lisuka phezulu naphansi kwengalo eyodwa kunokuba ku-axis yakhe. Lezi yi-CMM eyi-CMM enembile encane, kepha zingalinganisa amancanyana amakhulu kwakuyizakhi ezifana nezidumbu ze-auto.
• Uhlobo lwe-Arm Type Cmm: Le mishini isebenzisa izingalo ezihlangene futhi ngokujwayelekile ibekwe ngesandla. Esikhundleni sokulinganisa i-XYZ ngqo, bahlanganisa izixhumanisi ezivela endaweni ejikelezayo yokuhlanganiswa ngakunye nobude obaziwayo phakathi kwamalunga.

Ngayinye inezinzuzo nokubi ngokuya ngezinhlobo zezilinganiso okufanele zenziwe. Lezi zinhlobo zibhekisela esakhiweni somshini esisetshenziselwa ukubeka phansiicala lolo munye nomaokuhlobene nengxenye kulinganiswa.

Nali itafula elisebenzayo lokusiza uqonde okuhle nokwenza:

Ama-Cons ajwayele ukumiswa ngezilinganiso ezi-3-x, y, no-Z. Amathebula ajikelezayo nawo angasetshenziswa ukwenza ngcono indlela yokusondela kwezici ezahlukahlukene.

Ama-CMM ajwayele ukwenziwa nge-granite ne-aluminium, futhi basebenzisa izintambo zomoya

I-ProBE yinzwa inzwa enquma ukuthi ingaphezulu lengxenye likhona lapho kwenziwa isilinganiso.

Izinhlobo ze-Probe zifaka:

• -Omshini
• -Phathelene nokubona
• I-laser
• Ukukhanya okumhlophe

Imishini yokulinganisa imishini isetshenziswa ngezindlela ezintathu ezijwayelekile:

• Iminyango Yokulawula Okukhwalithi: Nakhu kuvame ukugcinwa emakamelweni ahlanzekile alawulwa ngokugula ukuze andise ukunemba kwawo.
• Shop Floor: Lapha ama-CMM aphansi phakathi kwemishini ye-CNC ukwenza kube lula ukwenza ukuhlolwa njengengxenye yeseli yokukhiqiza phakathi kwe-CMM nomshini lapho kufakwa khona izingxenye. Lokhu kuvumela ukukala okwenziwa ngaphambili futhi kungenzeka kaningi okuholela emalini njengoba kukhonjwe amaphutha kungekudala.
• Iyaphatheka: I-CMM ephathekayo kulula ukuyihamba. Zingasetshenziswa esitezi sezitolo noma zize ziye esizeni esikude ukusuka endaweni yokukhiqiza ukukala izingxenye ezisensimini.

Unembe kangakanani imishini ye-CMM (CMM ukunemba)?

Ukunemba kwemishini yokulinganisa yokuxhumanisa kuyahlukahluka. Ngokuvamile, bahlose ukunemba kwe-micromemeter noma okungcono. Kepha akukulula lokho. Kokunye, iphutha lingaba umsebenzi kasayizi, ngakho-ke iphutha lokulinganisa le-CMM lingacaciswa njengefomula emfushane ehlanganisa ubude besilinganiso sokuhluka njengokuhlukahluka.

Isibonelo, i-hexagon classic cmm yakudala ibhalwe njenge-cmm enenhloso yonke, futhi icacisa ukunemba kwayo njengoba:

1.0 + L / 300um

Lezo zilinganiso zikwi-microns futhi l zichaziwe ku-mm. Ngakho-ke ake sithi sizama ukukala ubude besici se-10mm. Ifomula ibizoba ngo-1.0 + 10/300 = 1.0 + 1/10/30 noma ama-1.03 microns.

I-micron inkulungwane ye-MM, emayelana namasentimitha angama-0.00003937. Ngakho-ke iphutha lapho ulinganisa ubude bethu be-10mm lingu-0.00103 mm noma ama-0.00004055 amayintshi. Lokho kungaphansi kwengxenye yesigamu sephutha elincane leshumi!

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umuntu kufanele abe nokweneka kwe-10x lokho esizama ukukala. Ngakho-ke lokho kusho ukuthi ngabe singakwethemba yini lokhu kulinganiswa ku-10x lelo nani, noma amasentimitha angama-0.00005. Namanje iphutha elihle.

Izinto zithola ngisho ne-murkier for shop floor cmm izilinganiso. Uma i-CMM igcinwe kwilebhu yokuhlola yokushisa okulawulwa amazinga okushisa, kusiza kakhulu. Kepha esitezi esitolo, amazinga okushisa angahluka kakhulu. Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene i-CMM ezinganxephezela ngokuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa, kepha azikho eziphelele.

Abenzi be-CMM bavame ukucacisa ukunemba kwebhendi lokushisa, futhi ngokuya nge-ISO 10360-2 ejwayelekile yokunemba kwe-CMM, ibhendi ejwayelekile ingu-64-7Cf (18-22C). Kuhle lokho ngaphandle kokuthi isitezi sakho sesitolo singu-86F ehlobo. Ngemuva kwalokho awunalo i-spec enhle ngephutha.

Abanye abakhiqizi bazokunikeza isethi yezitebhisi noma amabhendi okushisa anezinto ezihlukile zokunemba. Kepha kwenzekani uma ungaphezulu kwengxenye engaphezu kweyodwa yokugijima okufanayo kwezingxenye ngezikhathi ezihlukile zosuku noma ezinsukwini ezahlukene zesonto?

Umuntu uqala ukudala isabelomali esingaqinisekile esivumela amacala amabi kakhulu. Uma lezo zimo ezimbi kakhulu ziphumela ekubekezeleni okungamukeleki kwezingxenye zakho, kudingeka ezinye izinguquko zenqubo:

• Ungakhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMM ezikhathini ezithile zosuku lapho ithempeli liwela emabanga amahle.
• Ungase ukhethe izingxenye eziphansi kuphela zokubekezelelana noma izici ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku.
• I-CMM engcono ingahle ibe ne-specs engcono yamabanga akho okushisa. Zingase zikufanele yize zingabiza kakhulu.

Vele lezi zinyathelo zizolimaza amandla akho okuhlela kahle imisebenzi yakho. Kungazelelwe ucabanga ukuthi ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu okungcono esitezi esitolo kungaba yimali efanelekile.

Ungabona ukuthi yonke le nto yokulinganisa ithola kanjani i-Darned Flussy enhle.

Esinye isithako esihambisana nalo yindlela yokubekezelela ukubhekwa yi-CMM kuchaziwe. I-Gold Standard yi-geometric Disension kanye nokubekezelela (GD & T). Bheka isifundo sethu sethululiwe ku-GD & T ukuze ufunde kabanzi.

Isoftware ye-CMM

I-CMM isebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesoftware. I-Standard ibizwa nge-DMIS, emelela okujwayelekile okubonakalayo okubonakalayo okujwayelekile. Ngenkathi kungeyona into ebonakalayo yesoftware yawo wonke umenzi we-CMM, iningi labo okungenani liyasekela.

Abakhiqizi badale ukunambitheka kwabo okuhlukile ukuze bangeze imisebenzi yokulinganisa engasekelwa yi-DMIS.

Dmis

Njengoba kushiwo i-DMIS, iyindinganiso, kepha njengekhodi ye-CNC's G-, kunezilimi eziningi kufaka phakathi:

• I-PC-DMIS: Inguqulo ye-Hexagon
• Opendmis
• I-TouchDDMIS: Perceptron

Mcosmos

I-MCOSTMOS iyi-software ye-nikon's CMM.

Uhlobo lwenyama

ICalypso isoftware ye-CMM evela kwaZeiss.

Isoftware ye-CMM ne-CAD / CAM

Ngabe i-CMM isoftware ihlangana kanjani ne-CAD / cam software?

Kunamafomethi amaningi we-CAD ahlukene, ngakho-ke hlola ukuthi iyiphi isoftware yakho ye-CMM ehambelana nayo. Ukuhlanganiswa kokugcina kubizwa ngokuthi i-Model based Definition (MBD). Nge-MBD, imodeli ngokwayo ingasetshenziswa ukukhipha ubukhulu be-CMM.

I-MDB i-Edge enhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke akukasetshenziswa kuningi lamacala.

Ama-CMM CONES, Ukulungiswa, kanye Nezesekeli

Cmm kungenzeka

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinqubo nezinkomo zitholakala ukwenza lula izinhlelo eziningi ezahlukahlukene.

Ukulungiswa kwe-CMM

Ukulungiswa kuyisikhathi sonke sokonga lapho kulayishwa futhi kulayishwa izingxenye ku-CMM, njengasemshini we-CNC. Ungathola ngisho nama-CMM anezithambisi zePallet ezenzakalelayo ukukhulisa ukukhishwa.

Intengo yomshini we-CMM

Imishini emisha yokulinganisa imishini iqala kuma- $ 20,000 kuya ku- $ 30,000 ebangeni futhi ukhuphukele ngaphezulu kwe- $ 1 million.

Imisebenzi ehlobene ne-CMM esitolo somshini

Imenenja ye-CMM

I-CMM Programmer

I-CMM opharetha