Izingxenye ze-granite zisetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wokukhiqiza ngokunemba, ukuba yisicaba njengenkomba ebalulekile, kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kwayo kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Okulandelayo isingeniso esiningiliziwe sendlela, imishini kanye nenqubo yokuthola ukuba yisicaba kwezingxenye ze-granite.
I. Izindlela zokuthola
1. Indlela yokuphazamiseka kwekristalu eyisicaba: ifaneleka ekutholakaleni kokusicaba kwengxenye yegranite enembile kakhulu, njengesisekelo sethuluzi elibonakalayo, ipulatifomu yokulinganisa enembile kakhulu, njll. Ikristalu eyisicaba (into yengilazi ekhanyayo enesicaba esiphezulu kakhulu) inamathele eduze kwengxenye yegranite ukuze ihlolwe endizeni, kusetshenziswa isimiso sokuphazamiseka kwamagagasi okukhanya, lapho ukukhanya kudlula kwikristalu eyisicaba kanye nobuso bengxenye yegranite ukuze kwakheke imivimbo yokuphazamiseka. Uma indiza yelungu iyisicaba ngokuphelele, imivimbo yokuphazamiseka iyimigqa eqondile efanayo enesikhala esilinganayo; Uma indiza igobile futhi igobile, umphetho uzogoba futhi uguquke. Ngokusho kwezinga lokugoba kanye nesikhala semiphetho, iphutha lokusicaba libalwa ngefomula. Ukunemba kungafinyelela kuma-nanometer, futhi ukuphambuka kwendiza encane kungatholakala ngokunembile.
2. Indlela yokulinganisa izinga le-elekthronikhi: evame ukusetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezinkulu ze-granite, njengombhede wamathuluzi omshini, ipulatifomu enkulu yokucubungula i-gantry, njll. Izinga le-elekthronikhi libekwa ebusweni bengxenye ye-granite ukuze kukhethwe indawo yokulinganisa futhi kuhambisane nendlela ethile yokulinganisa. Izinga le-elekthronikhi lilinganisa ushintsho lwe-Angle phakathi kwalo kanye nesiqondiso samandla adonsela phansi ngesikhathi sangempela ngenzwa yangaphakathi bese liyiguqula ibe idatha yokuphambuka kwezinga. Lapho ulinganisa, kuyadingeka ukwakha igridi yokulinganisa, ukhethe amaphuzu okulinganisa ebangeni elithile eziqondisweni ze-X ne-Y, bese uqopha idatha yephuzu ngalinye. Ngokuhlaziya isofthiwe yokucubungula idatha, ukuthamba komphezulu wezingxenye ze-granite kungafakwa, futhi ukunemba kokulinganisa kungafinyelela ezingeni le-micron, okungahlangabezana nezidingo zokutholwa kokuthamba kwezingxenye ezinkulu ezindaweni eziningi zezimboni.
3. Indlela yokuthola i-CMM: ukutholwa okuphelele kokuthamba kungenziwa ezingxenyeni ze-granite eziyinkimbinkimbi, njenge-granite substrate yezimo ezikhethekile. I-CMM ihamba esikhaleni esinezilinganiso ezintathu nge-probe futhi ithinta ubuso bengxenye ye-granite ukuze ithole izixhumanisi zamaphuzu okulinganisa. Amaphuzu okulinganisa asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo endizeni yezingxenye, bese kwakhiwa i-lattice yokulinganisa. Idivayisi iqoqa ngokuzenzakalelayo idatha yokulinganisa yephuzu ngalinye. Ukusetshenziswa kwesofthiwe yokulinganisa yobungcweti, ngokwedatha yokulinganisa ukubala iphutha lokuthamba, akugcini nje ngokubona ukuthamba, kodwa futhi kungathola usayizi wezingxenye, ukubekezelela ukuma kanye nesikhundla kanye nolunye ulwazi olunezilinganiso eziningi, ukunemba kokulinganisa ngokwesilinganiso sokunemba kwemishini kuhlukile, ngokuvamile phakathi kwama-micron ambalwa kuya kwamashumi ama-micron, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, okufanele izinhlobo ezahlukene zokutholwa kwengxenye ye-granite.
II. Ukulungiswa kwemishini yokuhlola
1. Ikristalu eliyisicaba elinokunemba okuphezulu: Khetha ikristalu eliyisicaba elinokunemba okuhambisanayo ngokwezidingo zokunemba kokutholwa kwezingxenye zegranite, njengokuthi ukuthola isidingo sokusicaba esiyisicaba ukukhetha ikristalu eliyisicaba elinokunemba okuphezulu elinephutha lokusicaba ngaphakathi kwama-nanometer ambalwa, futhi ububanzi bekristalu eliyisicaba kufanele bube bukhulu kancane kunosayizi omncane wengxenye yegranite okufanele ihlolwe, ukuqinisekisa ukumbozwa okuphelele kwendawo yokuthola.
2. Izinga le-elekthronikhi: Khetha izinga le-elekthronikhi elinokunemba kokulinganisa okuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuthola, njengezinga le-elekthronikhi elinokunemba kokulinganisa okungu-0.001mm/m, elifanele ukutholwa okunembe kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isisekelo setafula likamazibuthe elihambisanayo silungiselelwe ukusiza izinga le-elekthronikhi ukuthi linamathele ngokuqinile ebusweni bengxenye ye-granite, kanye nezintambo zokuthola idatha kanye nesofthiwe yokuthola idatha yekhompyutha, ukuze kufezwe ukuqoshwa kanye nokucutshungulwa kwedatha yokulinganisa ngesikhathi sangempela.
3. Ithuluzi lokulinganisa elihlanganisiwe: Ngokuya ngobukhulu bezingxenye ze-granite, ubunzima bokuma ukukhetha usayizi ofanele wethuluzi lokulinganisa elihlanganisiwe. Izingxenye ezinkulu zidinga ama-stroke gauges amakhulu, kuyilapho izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zidinga imishini enezimbobo ezinembile kakhulu kanye nesofthiwe yokulinganisa enamandla. Ngaphambi kokutholwa, i-CMM iyalinganiswa ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwe-probe kanye nokunemba kokubeka okuhlanganisiwe.
III. Inqubo yokuhlola
1. Inqubo ye-flat crystal interferometry:
◦ Hlanza ubuso ngezingxenye ze-granite ezizohlolwa kanye nobuso obuyisicaba bekristalu, usule nge-ethanol engenamanzi ukuze ususe uthuli, uwoyela nokunye ukungcola, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu kuhlangana kahle ngaphandle kwesikhala.
Beka ikristalu eliyisicaba kancane phezu kwelungu le-granite, bese ucindezela kancane ukuze wenze ukuthintana okubili kuphelele ukuze ugweme amabhamuza noma ukuthambekela.
◦ Endaweni emnyama, umthombo wokukhanya we-monochromatic (njengesibani se-sodium) usetshenziswa ukukhanyisa ikristalu eliyisicaba ngokuqondile, ukubheka imiphetho yokuphazamiseka evela phezulu, nokurekhoda ukuma, isiqondiso kanye nezinga lokugoba kwemiphetho.
◦ Ngokusekelwe kudatha yokuphazamiseka, bala iphutha lokuthamba usebenzisa ifomula efanele, bese uyiqhathanisa nezidingo zokubekezelela ukuthamba kwengxenye ukuze unqume ukuthi iyafaneleka yini.
2. Inqubo yokulinganisa izinga le-elekthronikhi:
◦ Kudwetshwa igridi yokulinganisa ebusweni bengxenye yegranite ukuze kutholakale indawo yephuzu lokulinganisa, futhi izikhala zamaphuzu okulinganisa aseduze zisethwa ngokufanele ngokwezidingo zobukhulu nokunemba kwengxenye, ngokuvamile 50-200mm.
◦ Faka ileveli kagesi esisekelweni setafula elinozibuthe bese ulinamathisela endaweni yokuqala yegridi yokulinganisa. Qala ileveli kagesi bese uqopha ileveli yokuqala ngemva kokuba idatha isizinzile.
◦ Hambisa iphuzu lezinga le-elekthronikhi ngephuzu endleleni yokulinganisa bese uqopha idatha yezinga endaweni ngayinye yokulinganisa kuze kube yilapho wonke amaphuzu okulinganisa elinganiswa.
◦ Ngenisa idatha elinganisiwe kusofthiwe yokucubungula idatha, sebenzisa indlela yesikwele esincane kanye nezinye izindlela zokwenza izinto ukuze uvumelane nokuthamba, ukhiqize umbiko wephutha lokuthamba, bese uhlola ukuthi ukuthamba kwengxenye kuyahambisana yini nezindinganiso.
3. Inqubo yokuthola i-CMM:
◦ Beka ingxenye yegranite etafuleni lokusebenza le-CMM bese usebenzisa into yokuyilungisa ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ayishintshi ngesikhathi sokulinganisa.
◦ Ngokuya ngesimo nosayizi wengxenye, indlela yokulinganisa ihlelwe kusofthiwe yokulinganisa ukuze kunqunywe ukusatshalaliswa kwamaphuzu okulinganisa, kuqinisekiswe ukumbozwa okugcwele kwendiza okufanele ihlolwe kanye nokusatshalaliswa okufanayo kwamaphuzu okulinganisa.
◦ Qala i-CMM, hambisa i-probe ngokwendlela ehleliwe, xhumana namaphuzu okulinganisa ubuso be-granite component, bese uqoqa ngokuzenzakalelayo idatha yokuxhumanisa yephuzu ngalinye.
◦ Ngemva kokuthi ukulinganisa sekuqediwe, isofthiwe yokulinganisa ihlaziya futhi icubungule idatha eqoqwe ngezixhumanisi, ibale iphutha lokuba yisicaba, ikhiqize umbiko wokuhlola, futhi inqume ukuthi ukuba yisicaba kwengxenye kuyahlangabezana yini nezindinganiso.
If you have better advice or have any questions or need any further assistance, contact us freely: info@zhhimg.com
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-28-2025