Izingxenye ze-granite zamathuluzi okuhlola isikulufu somthofu: Isayensi yezinto ezimangalisayo ephila iminyaka eyi-12 ubude kune-cast iron.

Emkhakheni wokuhlolwa kwemishini okunembayo, ukunemba nokuthembeka kwamathuluzi okuhlola isikulufu somthofu kuthinta ngokuqondile ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yezingxenye zokudlulisela ngomshini. Ukukhethwa kwempahla yezingxenye eziyinhloko zesithungatha sesikulufu sokuhola kuyisihluthulelo sokunquma impilo yesevisi nokusebenza kwezisetshenziswa. Ingxenye ye-granite ekhethekile yamathuluzi okuhlola isikulufu somthofu, nezinzuzo zayo ezivelele zesayensi yezinto, izuze impumelelo yokwelula impilo yesevisi ngeminyaka engu-12 uma iqhathaniswa nezinto zensimbi ezisansimbi, okuletha uguquko oluguquguqukayo embonini yokuhlola ukunemba.

Ukulinganiselwa kwezingxenye zensimbi
I-cast iron sekuyisikhathi eside iyinto esetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni izingxenye zamathuluzi okuhlola isikulufu somthofu ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphansi kanye nokuqina okuthile. Kodwa-ke, i-cast iron inezingqinamba eziningi ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo. Okokuqala, insimbi ekhonjiwe ayinakho ukuzinza okushisayo. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza komtshina wesikulufu sokuhola, ukushisa okukhiqizwa imishini ngokwayo kanye noshintsho ekushiseni kwemvelo kungabangela ukuguqulwa okushisayo kwezingxenye zensimbi esakazwayo, kuthinte ukunemba kokutholwa kwesikulufu somthofu. Njengoba isikhathi sokusetshenziswa sikhula, umthelela wokuqongelela wokushintsha kokushisa uzobangela iphutha lokulinganisa ukuthi likhule ngokuqhubekayo. Okwesibili, ukumelana nokugqoka kwe-iron cast kunqunyelwe. Ngesikhathi sokunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe kwesikulufu sokuhola kanye nokusebenza kokuhlola, ingaphezulu lengxenye yensimbi ekhonjiwe ijwayele ukugqokwa ngenxa yokungqubuzana, okuholela ekwandeni kokuvunyelwa okufanelekile futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukunemba nokuthembeka kwemishini yokuhlola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cast iron inokumelana nokugqwala okubuthakathaka. Ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma ezidlayo ezinegesi, izingxenye zensimbi ezisansimbi zijwayele ukugqwala nokugqwala, zifinyeza kakhulu impilo yesevisi yezinto zokusebenza.
Izinzuzo zesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo zezingxenye zegwadle
I-Granite, njengento efanelekile yezingxenye ezizinikele zamathuluzi okuhlola isikulufu somthofu, inezinzuzo zemvelo ezingokwenyama. Isakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi siminyene futhi siyafana, sine-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokwanda okushisayo, ngokuvamile kusukela ku-5 kuya ku-7×10⁻⁶/℃, futhi cishe ayithinteki ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Lokhu kuvumela umtshina wesikulufu sokuhola ukuthi ulondoloze ubukhulu obuzinzile kanye nokwakheka kwezingxenye zegranite ngisho nangaphansi kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside noma ukushintshashintsha okuphawulekayo kwezinga lokushisa lemvelo, kunikeze ireferensi ethembekile yokutholwa kwesikulufu somthofu nokuqinisekisa ukunemba kwedatha yokulinganisa.
Mayelana nokumelana nokugqoka, ubulukhuni be-Mohs be-granite bungafinyelela ku-6-7, obuphakeme kunalowo wensimbi. Phakathi nokunyakaza okuvamile kwesikulufu sokuhola, ingaphezulu lengxenye ye-granite ayigqoki kalula futhi ingahlala igcina imvume yokunemba okuphezulu, iqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside kokutholwa kwesikulufu sokuhola. Ngokwezibalo zedatha yohlelo lokusebenza olusebenzayo, izinga lokuncipha kokunemba lesitholi sesikulufu sokuhola sisebenzisa izingxenye zegranite lihamba kancane elingaphezu kuka-80% kunelezingxenye zensimbi ecijile ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokusebenza.
Mayelana nokumelana nokugqwala, i-granite iyitshe lemvelo elinezinto zamakhemikhali ezizinzile futhi aliphenduli ngezinto ezivamile ezine-asidi noma ezine-alkali. Ngisho nasezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zezimboni, izingxenye ze-granite ngeke zonakaliswe ukugqwala, kuqhubeke kwandise impilo yesevisi yomtshina wesikulufu sokuhola.
Imiphumela ephawulekayo yohlelo lokusebenza kanye nenani lemboni
Umthelela osebenzayo wokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezikhethekile zegwadle lezitholi zezikulufu zokuhola uphawuleka kakhulu. Ngophenyo lokulandelela lwamabhizinisi amaningi akhiqiza imishini, kutholwe ukuthi isilinganiso sempilo yesevisi yezithungatha zesikulufu somthofu ezisebenzisa izingxenye zensimbi ecijile cishe siyiminyaka eyi-8, kuyilapho ngemva kokwamukela izingxenye zegwadle, impilo yesevisi yezikhonkwane zomthofu inganwetshwa ibe iminyaka engu-20, okuwukunyuka kweminyaka eyi-12 egcwele. Lokhu akunciphisi kakhulu kuphela izindleko zezinkampani zokushintsha imishini yokuhlola, kodwa futhi kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula esibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Ngokombono wokuthuthukiswa kwemboni, ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ze-granite kukhuthaze ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokuthola ukunemba. Impilo yayo yesevisi ende kakhulu nokusebenza okuzinzile kunikeza isiqinisekiso esinokwethenjelwa sokuhlolwa kwesikulufu sokuhola ngokunemba okuphezulu, ukusiza imboni yokukhiqiza imishini ikhiqize imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu futhi ithuthukise ukuncintisana kwayo yonke imboni.
Izingxenye ezikhethekile zegwadle zamathuluzi okuhlola isikulufu somthofu zinqobe ngempumelelo ukukhubazeka kwezingxenye zensimbi ecijile ngenxa yezinzuzo zesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, okuzuze ukwanda okuphawulekayo empilweni yesevisi. Ngokuzayo, ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwesidingo sokuhlolwa okunembayo, izingxenye zegwadle zizodlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi futhi zinikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile ekuthuthukisweni komkhakha wokukhiqiza ngokunemba.