Emkhakheni wokucubungula ngomshini ngokunemba, ukuzinza nokunemba kwemishini kuyizinto eziyinhloko ezinquma ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo. Kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye ezingeni le-micrometer kuya ekucutshungulweni ngokunemba ezingeni le-nanometer, noma yiliphi iphutha elincane lingaholela ekwehleni kokusebenza komkhiqizo noma ngisho nasekulahlekeni. Imikhiqizo ye-granite, enezakhiwo zayo ezibonakalayo ezivelele kanye nezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe, isibe yisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokunemba kwemishini futhi isibe yinto ebalulekile embonini yokucubungula ngomshini ngokunemba.
Izinzuzo zokusebenza eziyingqayizivele zemikhiqizo ye-granite
I-Granite iyitshe lemvelo elakhiwe ngezinqubo ze-geological zesikhathi eside. Amakristalu ayo angaphakathi amaminerali aminyene futhi isakhiwo sawo siminyene futhi siyafana, okwenza kube nochungechunge lwezimpawu ezifanele ukucutshungulwa ngokunembile. Okokuqala, i-granite ine-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokunwetshwa kokushisa, ngokuvamile kusukela ku-5 kuya ku-7×10⁻⁶/℃. Enkambisweni yokucubungula ngomshini ngokunemba, ukushisa okukhiqizwa ukusebenza kwemishini kanye nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa lemvelo akunakugwenywa. Izingxenye zemishini ezenziwe ngezinto ezivamile zingase zishintshe ubukhulu ngenxa yokwanda kokushisa kanye nokufinyela, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba kokucubungula. I-granite, ngakolunye uhlangothi, cishe ayithinteki yizinguquko zokushisa futhi ingahlala igcina usayizi nesimo esizinzile, ihlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile semishini yokucubungula ngokunemba.
Okwesibili, ubulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nokumelana okuhle nokuguguleka kwe-granite kwenza isebenze kahle ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhathi eside. Ubulukhuni bayo be-Mohs bungafinyelela amazinga angu-6 kuya kwangu-7. Uma ibhekene namandla ahlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokucubungula ngomshini, ayigugi futhi iguquke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imishini yokucubungula ngokunemba esebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-granite ingagcina ukusebenza ngokunemba okuphezulu njalo ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza zesikhathi eside nezinamandla aphezulu, kunciphisa ukwehla kokunemba kwemishini kanye nokuvama kokwehluleka okubangelwa ukuguguleka kwezingxenye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-granite nayo inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokudlidliza. Eshabhu lokucubungula ngomshini ngokunembile, ukusebenza kwemishini ehlukahlukene yokucubungula kuzokhiqiza ukudlidliza kwamazinga ahlukahlukene. Lokhu kudlidliza kuzophazamisa inqubo yokucubungula futhi kuthinte ukunemba kokucubungula. I-granite ingamunca futhi inciphise ngempumelelo ukudlidliza kwangaphandle, inciphise umthelela wokudlidliza emishinini, inikeze indawo ezinzile yokucubungula ngokunembile, futhi iqinisekise ukuthi izingxenye ezicutshunguliwe zinezilinganiso ezinembile kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yobuso.
Ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwemikhiqizo ye-granite ekucutshungulweni kwemishini ngokunemba
Emishinini yokucubungula ngomshini ngokunembile, imikhiqizo ye-granite isetshenziswa kabanzi ezingxenyeni eziningi ezibalulekile. Isibonelo, isisekelo samathuluzi omshini we-granite, njengengxenye eyisisekelo yokusekela yale mishini, sinikeza ipulatifomu yokusebenza ezinzile yalo lonke ithuluzi lomshini. Ukusebenza kwalo okuzinzile kungaqinisekisa ukuthi ithuluzi lomshini ligcina ukunemba kwendawo ehlobene yengxenye ngayinye ehambayo ngesikhathi sokusika ngesivinini esikhulu, ukugaya ngokunembile kanye nezinye izinqubo zokucubungula, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe ukucutshungulwa ngokunembile okuphezulu.
Izitimela zokuqondisa ze-granite nazo ziyingxenye ebalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwemishini okunembile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezitimela zokuqondisa zensimbi zendabuko, izitimela zokuqondisa ze-granite zinezici zokulingana okuphansi kokungqubuzana kanye nokunyakaza okubushelelezi. Zingenza izingxenye ezihambayo zethuluzi lomshini zihambe kahle kakhulu ngesikhathi senqubo yokunyakaza, zinciphise amaphutha okunyakaza futhi zithuthukise ukunemba kokucubungula. Okwamanje, izitimela zokuqondisa ze-granite zinokumelana okuqinile nokuguguleka kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo, okunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi kwemishini.
Emkhakheni wezinsimbi zokulinganisa, imikhiqizo efana namapuleti e-granite namabhulokhi e-gauge nayo idlala indima ebalulekile. Amapulatifomu okulinganisa i-granite, anokuthamba kwawo okuphezulu kakhulu nokuqina, ahlinzeka ngezinkomba ezinokwethenjelwa zokulinganisa okunembile. Lapho kwenziwa izilinganiso zobukhulu kanye nokuhlolwa kokubekezelela ukuma kanye nesikhundla ezingxenyeni zemishini ezinembile, amapulatifomu okulinganisa i-granite angaqinisekisa ukunemba nokuthembeka kwemiphumela yokulinganisa, esiza abasebenzi bokucubungula ukuthi babone futhi balungise amaphutha okucubungula ngokushesha futhi baqinisekise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Khuthaza intuthuko yemboni yokucubungula ngokunemba kwemishini
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezimfuneko zokunemba nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo embonini yokucubungula ngomshini ngokunemba, ukubaluleka kwemikhiqizo ye-granite kuya ngokuya kugqama. Akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokunemba kwemishini, kodwa futhi kunikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kokusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula ngomshini ngokunemba. Ngokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-granite, amabhizinisi okucubungula ngomshini ngokunemba angakhiqiza imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zezimboni zokukhiqiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu njengezindiza, ulwazi lwe-elekthronikhi, kanye namadivayisi ezokwelapha, futhi athuthukise ukuncintisana kwawo emakethe.
Esikhathini esizayo, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe bokucubungula kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sokunemba, imikhiqizo ye-granite izodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wokucubungula ngokunemba kwemishini. Ukuhlanganiswa kwayo okujulile nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuthuthukisiwe kuzothuthukisa kakhulu intuthuko yemboni yokucubungula ngokunemba kwemishini ukuze kube nokunemba nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, futhi kusize imboni yokukhiqiza ukuthi iqale uhambo olusha oluya entuthukweni ephezulu nehlakaniphile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-07-2025