Emkhakheni wokucubungula ngokunemba kwemishini, ukuzinza nokunemba kwemishini yizici ezibalulekile ezinquma ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo. Kusukela ekwenziweni kwezingxenye ezingeni le-micrometer kuya ekucutshungulweni okunembayo ezingeni le-nanometer, noma yiliphi iphutha elincane lingaholela ekwehleni kokusebenza komkhiqizo noma ngisho nokuchithwa. Imikhiqizo ye-Granite, enezakhiwo zayo ezibonakalayo ezivelele kanye nezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe, isiyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokunemba kwemishini futhi isiyinto ebaluleke kakhulu nebalulekile embonini yokucubungula imishini ngokunemba.
Izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele zokusebenza zemikhiqizo ye-granite
I-Granite iyitshe lemvelo elakhiwe ngezinqubo ze-geological zesikhathi eside. Amakristalu ayo angaphakathi amaminerali ahlangene futhi ukwakheka kwawo kuminyene futhi kufana, kuyinikeza uchungechunge lwezimpawu ezifanele ukucutshungulwa okunembile. Okokuqala, i-granite ine-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokunwetshwa kokushisa, ngokuvamile esukela ku-5 ukuya ku-7×10⁻⁶/℃. Enqubweni yokucubungula imishini ngokunemba, ukushisa okukhiqizwa ukusebenza kwemishini kanye nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwemvelo akunakugwenywa. Izingxenye zamathuluzi ezenziwe ngezinto ezijwayelekile zingase zibe nezinguquko zobukhulu ngenxa yokwanda nokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba kokucubungula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-granite cishe ayithinteki ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa futhi ingahlala igcina usayizi ozinzile nokuma, inikeze isisekelo esizinzile semishini yokucubungula ngokunemba.
Okwesibili, ubulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nokumelana okuhle kokugqoka kwe-granite kuyenza isebenze kahle ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhathi eside. Ubulukhuni bayo be-Mohs bungafinyelela kumazinga angu-6 kuye kwayi-7. Uma ingaphansi kwamandla ahlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwemishini, ayijwayele ukugqoka nokuguqulwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi okokusebenza okunembayo okucutshungulwa kusetshenziswa imikhiqizo yegwadle kungagcina ukusebenza ngokunemba okuphezulu ngokuqhubekayo ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza zesikhathi eside nezinamandla kakhulu, kunciphise ukwehla kokunemba kwemishini kanye nemvamisa yokwehluleka okubangelwa ukuguga kwengxenye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-granite nayo inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokudambisa ukudlidliza. Ku-workshop yokucubungula imishini enembile, ukusebenza kwemishini ehlukahlukene yokucubungula kuzokhiqiza ukudlidliza kwamazinga ahlukahlukene. Lokhu kudlidliza kuzophazamisa inqubo yokucubungula futhi kuthinte ukunemba kokucubungula. I-Granite ingakwazi ukumunca kahle futhi inciphise ukudlidliza kwangaphandle, inciphise umthelela wokudlidliza kumishini, inikeze indawo ezinzile yokucubungula ukunemba, futhi iqinisekise ukuthi izingxenye ezicutshunguliwe zinezilinganiso ezinembile kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu yendawo.
Ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwemikhiqizo yegwadle ekucutshungulweni kwemishini ngokunemba
Emishinini yokucubungula enembile, imikhiqizo ye-granite isetshenziswa kabanzi ezingxenyeni eziningi ezibalulekile. Isibonelo, isisekelo samathuluzi womshini we-granite, njengengxenye eyisisekelo esekela okokusebenza, sinikeza inkundla yokusebenza ezinzile yalo lonke ithuluzi lomshini. Ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzile kungaqinisekisa ukuthi ithuluzi lomshini ligcina ukunemba kwesimo esihlobene sengxenye ngayinye ehambayo ngesikhathi sokusika ngesivinini esikhulu, ukugaya ngokunemba kanye nezinye izinqubo zokucubungula, ngaleyo ndlela kuzuzwe ukucubungula okuphezulu.
Ama-rail angumhlahlandlela we-Granite nawo ayingxenye ebalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwemishini. Uma kuqhathaniswa namalayili omhlahlandlela wensimbi wendabuko, ama-granite guide rails anezici ze-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana nokunyakaza okushelelayo. Ingenza izingxenye ezihambayo zethuluzi lomshini zihambe kahle kakhulu phakathi nenqubo yokunyakaza, ukunciphisa amaphutha okunyakaza futhi kuthuthukise ukunemba kokucubungula. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ama-rail omhlahlandlela we-granite anokumelana okuqinile kokugqoka kanye nempilo ende yesevisi, okunciphisa izindleko zokunakekelwa kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula semishini.
Emkhakheni wezinsimbi zokulinganisa, imikhiqizo efana namapuleti e-granite namabhulokhi okulinganisa nawo adlala indima ebalulekile. Izingxenyekazi zokulinganisa ze-Granite, ezinokuthambeka kwazo okuphezulu kakhulu nokuzinza, zinikeza izinkomba ezithembekile zezilinganiso ezinembile. Lapho kwenziwa izilinganiso zobukhulu kanye nokuhlolwa kokubekezelela isimo ezingxenyeni zemishini ezinembayo, izinkundla zokulinganisa i-granite zingaqinisekisa ukunemba nokuthembeka kwemiphumela yokulinganisa, ukusiza abasebenzi abacubungulayo ukuthi babone ngokushesha futhi balungise amaphutha okucubungula futhi baqinisekise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Khuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokucubungula imishini
Ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kokunemba kanye nezidingo zekhwalithi zemikhiqizo embonini yokucubungula imishini, ukubaluleka kwemikhiqizo ye-granite kuya ngokuya kugqama. Akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokunemba kwemishini, kodwa futhi inikeza ukusekelwa okuqinile kokuqanjwa kabusha nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula imishini ngokunemba. Ngokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-granite, amabhizinisi acutshungulwayo anembayo angakhiqiza imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zezimboni zokukhiqiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu njenge-aerospace, ulwazi lukagesi, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha, futhi athuthukise ukuncintisana kwawo ezimakethe.
Ngokuzayo, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sokunemba, imikhiqizo ye-granite izodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wokucubungula ngokunemba kwemishini. Ukuhlanganiswa kwayo okujulile nobuchwepheshe obuphambili bokukhiqiza kuzothuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokucubungula imishini enembile ukuze kube nokunemba okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle, futhi kusize imboni yezokukhiqiza ukuthi iqale uhambo olusha oluya ekuthuthukisweni okuphezulu nokukhaliphile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-07-2025