Emkhakheni wokulinganisa ngokunemba, ukukhethwa kwamathuluzi okulinganisa asezingeni eliphezulu kuthinta ngqo ukunemba kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni kanye nokuhlolwa kwelebhu. Njengethuluzi eliyinhloko lokuthola ukugoba, i-granite square ruler isibe yingxenye ebalulekile yokukhiqiza ngokunemba ngokuqina kwayo okuhle kakhulu kanye nokunemba okuphezulu. Lesi sihloko sizochaza kabanzi ngencazelo yaso, ukusetshenziswa, izici zezinto kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa, kusiza abakhiqizi bokulinganisa ngokunemba baqonde ngokugcwele leli thuluzi elibalulekile.
1. Uyini Umlawuli Wesikwele Se-Granite?
Umbusi wesikwele segranite, owaziwa nangokuthi umbusi we-granite right-angle noma umhlahlandlela we-precision right-angle kwezinye izimo zezimboni, uyithuluzi lokulinganisa ukunemba lochwepheshe elenzelwe ngqo ukuthola ukugoba kwezingcezu zomsebenzi kanye nendawo eqondile phakathi kwezingxenye. Ngaphezu komsebenzi wayo oyinhloko wokuthola ukugoba, isebenza futhi njengethuluzi elithembekile lokubhekisela lokumaka nokubeka ngesikhathi senqubo yomshini.
Ukwakheka okuyinhloko kwamaminerali kwe-granite square ruler kufaka phakathi i-pyroxene, i-plagioclase, inani elincane le-olivine, i-biotite kanye ne-micro-magnetite, okwenza kube nokubukeka okumnyama okuhlukile kanye nesakhiwo sangaphakathi esiqinile ngokwesakhiwo. Okwenza lokhu kuvelele ukuthi kudlule amakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka yokuguga kwemvelo kanye ne-crystallization. Le nqubo yemvelo yesikhathi eside iqinisekisa ukuthi i-granite inokuthungwa okufanayo kakhulu, ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu, amandla aphezulu okusebenza kanye nobunzima bomphezulu obuphezulu. Ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezisindayo ezindaweni zezimboni, isengagcina ukunemba kwayo okuphezulu kwasekuqaleni ngaphandle kokuguquguquka okusobala, okwenza isetshenziswe kabanzi ezindaweni zokukhiqiza zezimboni kanye nezimo zokulinganisa zelebhu ezinembile kakhulu.
2. Yiziphi Izindlela Zokusebenzisa Ababusi Besikwele Se-Granite?
Ama-granite square rulers angamathuluzi okunemba ahlukahlukene adlala indima ebalulekile ekuxhumaneni okuningi komkhakha wokukhiqiza ngokunemba, ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezilandelayo ezibalulekile:
- Ukutholwa kanye ne-Metrology: Njengereferensi ejwayelekile yokuthola ukugoba, isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kokugoba kwezingxenye ezibalulekile zamathuluzi omshini, imishini yemishini kanye nezingxenye zokusebenza ezinembile. Ingabona ngempumelelo ukuphambuka ohlangothini oluqondile, iqinisekise ukuthi izingxenye ezicutshunguliwe ziyahlangabezana nezidingo zokunemba komklamo.
- Ukumaka Nokubeka Indawo: Enqubweni yokulungisa nokuhlanganisa, inikeza ireferensi enembile ye-engeli yesokudla yemigqa yokumaka kanye nezingxenye zokusebenza zokubeka indawo. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana kwendawo yokulungisa yengxenye ngayinye, kunciphisa amaphutha abangelwa ukubeka indawo okungafanele.
- Ukufakwa Kwemishini Nokwakhiwa Kobunjiniyela Bezimboni: Ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwamathuluzi omshini onembile, imigqa yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo kanye neminye imishini, isetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukuma kwesisekelo semishini kanye nezingxenye zayo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwemishini kanye nokuthuthukisa ukunemba kokukhiqiza okuphelele. Emaphrojekthini obunjiniyela bezimboni adinga ukugoba okuphezulu, njengokufakwa kwamafreyimu omshini kanye namapayipi okunemba, futhi isebenza njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokuthola nokulungisa.
Embonini yemishini, iqashelwa njengethuluzi lokulinganisa elibalulekile lokuthola ukugoba, ukufaka, ukubeka imishini kanye nokumaka amathuluzi omshini, imishini yemishini kanye nezingxenye zawo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nabalawuli bendabuko be-angle yesokudla yensimbi, abalawuli besikwele se-granite banezinzuzo ezibalulekile njengokunemba okuphezulu, ukuzinza okungcono kwesikhathi eside, kanye nokugcinwa okulula. Asikho isidingo sokwelashwa okuvamile kokulwa nokugqwala, futhi indawo engaphezulu ayilula ukuyigqoka, okunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokulungisa kamuva.
3. Iyini Izinto Ezisetshenziswa Ababusi Besikwele Se-Granite?
Izinto ezisetshenziswa kuma-granite square rulers asezingeni eliphezulu zikhethwa kakhulu kuma-granite emvelo asezingeni eliphezulu, phakathi kwawo i-granite eyaziwa kakhulu ethi “Jinan Green” (uhlobo lwe-granite oluphambili oluvela eJinan, eShayina, edume ngezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba) iyinto eluhlaza ekhethwayo. Ngemva kokukhethwa kwezinto eziqinile, i-granite idlula ochungechungeni lwezinqubo zokucubungula eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuhlanganisa ukusika ngomshini, ukugaya kanye nokupholisha ngesandla, ukuze kwakheke umkhiqizo wokugcina wama-granite square rulers.
Izinto ezibonakalayo zinezici ezilandelayo ezivelele:
- Ukwakheka Okuhle Kakhulu Kwamaminerali: Amaminerali ayinhloko yi-pyroxene ne-plagioclase, anezelwa inani elincane le-olivine, i-biotite kanye ne-micro-magnetite. Lokhu kwakheka kwakha isakhiwo sangaphakathi esiminyene nesifanayo, okuyisisekelo sokuqina nokuqina kwaso okuphezulu.
- Izinzuzo Zokuguga Kwemvelo: Ngemva kwamakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka yokuvela kwemvelo yemvelo, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwe-granite sekukhululiwe ngokugcwele, futhi ukuthungwa sekufana kakhulu. Lokhu kususa ingozi yokuguquka kwangaphakathi okubangelwa ukucindezeleka okusele, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza kobukhulu besikhathi eside bomkhiqizo.
- Izakhiwo Eziphakeme Zomzimba: Inamandla aphezulu okusebenza kanye nobunzima bomphezulu (ngokuvamile ifinyelela ezingeni lobunzima be-Mohs 6-7), okungamelana nokuthinteka kanye nokuguguleka enkambisweni yokusebenzisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinzile kahle ekushiseni, futhi i-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa iphansi kakhulu kuneyezinto zensimbi, ngakho-ke ukunemba akuthintwa kalula ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa elizungezile.
- Ukumelana Okuhle Kakhulu Nokugqwala Nokungakhanyi: Le nto imelana nokugqwala, i-asidi kanye nokugqwala kwe-alkali, futhi ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni zezimboni ezinzima njengezindawo zokusebenzela ezinezimo ezithile zamakhemikhali ngaphandle kokugqwala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayikhanyi, okugwema ukuphazamiseka kwamandla kazibuthe ekulinganisweni kokunemba, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ekutholakaleni kwezinto zokusebenza ezithinta amandla kazibuthe kanye nezinsimbi zokunemba.
4. Yiziphi Izimo Zokusebenza Kwababusi Besikwele Se-Granite?
Ama-rule esikwele se-granite asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimweni ezahlukahlukene ezidinga ukulinganiswa kokuma okuqondile nokubhekisela okunembile, futhi izimo zokusetshenziswa kwawo zihambisana kakhulu nezindinganiso nezidingo zangempela zomkhakha wokulinganisa okunembile:
- Ukuhambisana Nezindinganiso Zokunemba: Ihambisana ngokuqinile nezindinganiso zokunemba eziqondile ze-GB/T 6092-2009 kanye nezindinganiso zokunemba eziqondile ze-GB/T 6092-2009 (inguqulo ebuyekeziwe ye-GB 6092-85 yokuqala), okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukunemba kwayo kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokulinganisa ezithuthukisiwe zomhlaba wonke nezasekhaya. Lokhu kwenza kube ithuluzi elithembekile lamabhizinisi ukwenza ukutholwa kokunemba ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zemboni.
- Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesakhiwo Sokusetshenziswa Okusebenzayo: Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kalula, imikhiqizo eminingi ye-granite square ruler yakhelwe ngemigodi yokwehlisa isisindo. Le migodi ayigcini nje ngokunciphisa isisindo sonke se-ruler ngempumelelo, okwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukuyithwala nokuyisebenzisa, kodwa futhi ayithinti ukuqina kwesakhiwo kanye nokunemba kokulinganisa komkhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukubekezelela ohlangothini lwe-granite square ruler ejwayelekile kulawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-0.02mm, okuqinisekisa ukunemba okuphezulu kwendawo yokubhekisela eceleni.
- Ukuzivumelanisa Nezindawo Zokusebenza Ezihlukahlukene: Ingagcina ukunemba okuphezulu ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo ophezulu (njengalapho isetshenziswa njengereferensi yokubeka izinto ezisindayo) kanye nezindawo zokushisa ezijwayelekile (ububanzi bokushisa buvame ukuba ngu-20℃ kuya ku-40℃). Lokhu kuzivumelanisa nezimo kuyenza ifaneleke ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zezimboni, kufaka phakathi izindawo zokusebenzela zamathuluzi omshini, izimboni zokukhiqiza izingxenye zezimoto, izindawo zokusebenzela zokucubungula izingxenye zezindiza, kanye nezindawo zokusebenzela ezinokunemba okuphezulu njengezindawo zokusebenzela ze-metrology kanye nezikhungo zokuhlola ikhwalithi.
- Izinkambu Ezibalulekile Zokusebenza: Embonini yokukhiqiza izimoto, isetshenziselwa ukuthola ukugoba kwamabhulokhi esilinda senjini kanye nezingxenye zokudlulisela; ensimini yezindiza, isetshenziswa ekutholeni ngokunembile izingxenye zesakhiwo sezindiza kanye nezingxenye zenjini; embonini yokukhiqiza imishini kagesi, kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukugoba kwamabhodi wesekethe okunembile kanye nokufakwa kwezingxenye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekugcinweni nasekulinganisweni kwezinsimbi zokugoba, okuhlinzeka ngereferensi ejwayelekile yokulinganisa amanye amathuluzi okulinganisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-21-2025