Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza ngokunemba kanye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi, umshini wokulinganisa onama-three coordinate uyimishini eyinhloko yokuqinisekisa ukunemba komkhiqizo. Ukunemba kwedatha yawo yokulinganisa kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokwenza ngcono izinqubo zokukhiqiza. Kodwa-ke, iphutha lokuguqulwa kokushisa okubangelwa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini bekulokhu kuyinkinga enzima ehlupha imboni. Isisekelo se-granite, esinezakhiwo zaso ezibonakalayo nezinzuzo zesakhiwo, sesibe yisihluthulelo sokuqeda iphutha lokuguqulwa kokushisa komshini wokulinganisa onama-three coordinate.
Izimbangela kanye nezingozi zamaphutha okuguqulwa kokushisa emishinini yokulinganisa enezixhumanisi ezintathu
Uma umshini wokulinganisa ohlanganisa izingxenye ezintathu usebenza, ukusebenza kwenjini, ukushisa okudala ukungqubuzana, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa lemvelo konke kungabangela izinguquko ekushiseni kwemishini. Isisekelo somshini wokulinganisa esenziwe ngezinto zensimbi zendabuko sinomthamo ophezulu wokwanda kokushisa. Isibonelo, umthamo wokwanda kokushisa kwensimbi evamile cishe u-11×10⁻⁶/℃. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngo-10℃, isisekelo sensimbi esingamamitha angu-1 ubude sizokhula ngo-110μm. Lokhu kuguquguquka okuncane kuzodluliselwa ku-probe yokulinganisa ngesakhiwo somshini, okubangela ukuba indawo yokulinganisa ishintshe futhi ekugcineni kuholele emaphutheni kudatha yokulinganisa. Ekuhlolweni kwezingxenye zokunemba, njengezinsika zenjini ye-aero kanye nezikhunta zokunemba, iphutha elingu-0.01mm lingaholela ekungahambelani komkhiqizo. Amaphutha okuguquguquka kokushisa athinta kakhulu ukuthembeka kokulinganisa kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Izinzuzo eziphawulekayo zezisekelo ze-granite
I-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokwanda kokushisa, ireferensi yokulinganisa ezinzile
I-Granite iyidwala lemvelo eliyi-igneous elakhiwe ngezinqubo ze-geological eminyakeni engamakhulu ezigidi. I-coefficient yayo yokwanda kokushisa iphansi kakhulu, ngokuvamile isukela ku-(4-8) ×10⁻⁶/℃, okuyi-1/3 kuya ku-1/2 kuphela yezinto zensimbi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphansi kokushintshashintsha kokushisa okufanayo, ushintsho losayizi wesisekelo se-granite luncane kakhulu. Lapho izinga lokushisa elizungezile lishintshashintsha, isisekelo se-granite singagcina isimo sejometri esizinzile, sinikeze ireferensi eqinile yesistimu yokuhlanganisa yomshini wokulinganisa, sigweme ukuphambuka kwesikhundla se-probe yokulinganisa okubangelwa ukuguquguquka kwesisekelo, futhi sinciphise umthelela wamaphutha okuguqulwa kokushisa emiphumeleni yokulinganisa evela empandeni.
Ukuqina okuphezulu kanye nesakhiwo esifanayo kucindezela ukudluliswa kokuguquguquka
I-granite iqinile ngokwakheka, inesakhiwo sekristalu yamaminerali esiqinile nesilinganayo, futhi ubulukhuni bayo bungafinyelela ku-6-7 esikalini se-Mohs. Lokhu kuqina okuphezulu kwenza isisekelo se-granite singabi namathuba amaningi okuguquka ngokunwebeka lapho sithwala isisindo somshini wokulinganisa ngokwawo kanye namandla angaphandle ngesikhathi senqubo yokulinganisa. Ngisho noma ukusebenza kwemishini kudala ukudlidliza okuncane noma amandla angalingani endawo, isisekelo se-granite singacindezela ngempumelelo ukudluliselwa kanye nokusabalala kokuguquka ngezici zaso zesakhiwo ezifanayo, sivimbele ukuguqulwa ekuqhutshweni kusukela esisekelweni kuya endleleni yokulinganisa, siqinisekise ukuthi i-probe yokulinganisa ihlala isesimweni sokusebenza esizinzile, futhi siqinisekise ukunemba kwedatha yokulinganisa.
Ukusebenza kokudambisa kwemvelo, okumunca ukudlidliza nokushisa
Isakhiwo esincane esiyingqayizivele se-granite siyinika ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokumisa. Lapho ukudlidliza okukhiqizwa ukusebenza komshini wokulinganisa kudluliselwa esisekelweni se-granite, izinhlayiya zamaminerali zangaphakathi kanye nama-pores amancane kungaguqula amandla okudlidliza abe amandla okushisa futhi kuwasebenzise, kunciphisa ngokushesha ubukhulu bokudlidliza. Okwamanje, lesi sici sokumisa sisiza futhi ekumunceni ukushisa okukhiqizwa ukusebenza kwemishini, kwehlise izinga lokuqongelela kanye nokusabalalisa kwezinga lokushisa esisekelweni, futhi kunciphise ingozi yokuguquguquka kokushisa kwendawo okubangelwa ukusatshalaliswa kokushisa okungalingani. Emisebenzini yokulinganisa eqhubekayo yesikhathi eside, ukusebenza kokumisa kwesisekelo se-granite kunganciphisa kakhulu ukwenzeka kwamaphutha okuguquguquka kokushisa futhi kuthuthukise ukuzinza kokulinganisa.
Umphumela wokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwesisekelo se-granite
Ngemva kokuba amabhizinisi amaningi okukhiqiza eshintshe isisekelo sensimbi somshini wokulinganisa onezikhonkwane ezintathu ngesisekelo segranite, ukunemba kokulinganisa kwathuthukiswa kakhulu. Ngemva kokuba inkampani ethile yokukhiqiza izingxenye zezimoto yethule umshini wokulinganisa onezikhonkwane ezintathu ohlonyiswe ngesisekelo segranite, iphutha lokulinganisa lebhulokhi yenjini lancishiswa kusukela ku-±15μm yokuqala laya ngaphakathi ku-±5μm. Ukuphindaphindwa kanye nokuphindaphindwa kwedatha yokulinganisa kwathuthukiswa kakhulu, ukuthembeka kokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kwathuthukiswa, kanye nezinga lokwahlulela kabi komkhiqizo okubangelwa amaphutha okulinganisa lancishiswa ngempumelelo. Kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nokuncintisana kwamabhizinisi.
Ekuphetheni, isisekelo se-granite, esine-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokwanda kokushisa, ukuqina okuphezulu, isakhiwo esifanayo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokudambisa, sisusa iphutha lokuguquguquka kokushisa komshini wokulinganisa onama-three coordinate kusuka ebukhulu obuningi, sihlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuyisisekelo okuzinzile nokuthembekile kokulinganisa okunembile, futhi sesibe yingxenye ebalulekile yemishini yokulinganisa yesimanje enokunemba okuphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-19-2025