Izingxenye zegwadle zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni zesimanje kanye ne-metrology yaselabhorethri. Njengezindawo eziyinkomba eziyisisekelo, zisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa ukunemba, ukuqondanisa, ukuhlanganisa umshini, nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. Ukuzinza kwazo, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nezakhiwo ezingezona uzibuthe kwenza i-granite yekhwalithi ephezulu ibe into efanelekile yezinsimbi, izisekelo zemishini, namathuluzi anembayo. Ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwesikhathi eside, izakhiwo zegwadle kufanele zifakwe ngendlela efanele futhi ngezikhathi ezithile zibuyiselwe lapho ukuguga, ukuhuzuka, noma ukulimala kwengozi kwenzeka. Ukuqonda inqubo yokulungisa kusiza ukunweba impilo yesevisi nokugcina ukuthembeka kwemishini ebalulekile.
Ukufakwa ngendlela efanele kuyisisekelo sokunemba kwengxenye ye-granite. Ngesikhathi sokusetha, ochwepheshe bavamise ukusebenzisa amaleveli e-elekthronikhi noma ozimele ukuze baqondanise indawo yokusebenza. Amabhawodi asekelayo esitendi segwadle ayalungiswa ukuze kuzuzwe ukuzinza okuvundlile, kuyilapho isitendi ngokwaso sivamise ukushiselwa kusukela kushubhu wesikwele esiqinisiwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukudlidliza ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ngemva kokuba ipulatifomu iphakanyiswe ngokucophelela futhi ibekwe endaweni yokumisa, izinyawo ezilinganayo ngaphansi kohlaka zilungiswa kahle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi wonke umhlangano uhlala uzinzile futhi unganyakazi. Noma yikuphi ukungazinzi kulesi sigaba kuzothinta ngqo ukusebenza kokulinganisa.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho ne-granite yezinga eliphezulu ingabonisa ukuguga okuncane noma ukulahlekelwa isicaba ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kakhulu, ukusatshalaliswa komthwalo okungafanele, noma imiphumela yemvelo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ukubuyisela okuphrofeshinali kubalulekile ukuze kubuyiselwe ingxenye ezingeni layo lokunemba langempela. Inqubo yokulungisa ilandela ukulandelana kwezinyathelo zomshini olawulwayo kanye nezinyathelo zokuxhawula ngesandla. Isigaba sokuqala ukugaya okumahhadlahhadla, okususa ukuwohloka kwendawo futhi kuphinde kumise ukushuba okufanayo kanye nokucaba kwasekuqaleni. Lesi sinyathelo silungiselela itshe ukuze lisebenze ngokunembe kakhudlwana.
Uma ingaphezulu selilungisiwe ngokugaya okumahhadlahhadla, ochwepheshe baqala ukugaya kancane ukuze basuse imihuzuko ejulile futhi bacwengisise ijometri. Lesi sigaba sibalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe isisekelo esingaguquki nesizinzile ngaphambi kokungena ezigabeni zokugcina zokunemba ezibucayi. Ngemuva kokugaya kancane, igwala lifakwa ngesandla kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile kanye nama-abrasives amahle kakhulu. Izingcweti ezinekhono—eziningi ezinamashumi eminyaka okuhlangenwe nakho—ziwenza ngesandla lo msebenzi, kancane kancane zilethe ukunemba okudingekayo. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinemba okuphezulu, inqubo ingase iphindwe izikhathi eziningi ukuze kuzuzwe ukukhanya kwe-micrometer noma ngisho ne-sub-micrometer flatness.
Uma ukunemba kwesilinganiso esidingekayo sekufinyelelwe, indawo ye-granite iyapholishwa. Ukupholisha kuthuthukisa ukushelela kwendawo, kunciphisa amanani ama-rough, kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuguga, futhi kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, ingxenye ihlanzwa ngokucophelela, ihlolwe, futhi ihlolwe ngokumelene nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe. Indawo efanelekile yegwadle kufanele ingabi nasici njengemigodi, imifantu, i-rust inclusions, imihuzuko, nanoma yikuphi ukungapheleli okungase kuphazamise ukusebenza. Yonke ingxenye eqediwe ihlolwa nge-metrological ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana nebanga elifunekayo.
Ngokungeziwe ekubuyiseleni, izinto ze-granite ngokwazo zihlolwa kwaselabhorethri okuqinile ngaphambi kokungena ekukhiqizeni. Izinqubo zokuhlola ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukuhlolwa kokumelana nokuguga, ukuhlola ukuqina kohlangothi, ukukalwa kwesisindo nokuminyana, nokuhlaziywa kokumuncwa kwamanzi. Amasampuli ayapholishwa, asikwa abe yizilinganiso ezijwayelekile, futhi ahlolwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo. Zikalwa ngaphambi nangemva kwemijikelezo yokuhuzuka, zicwiliswe emanzini ukuze zikalwe ukugcwala kwendawo, futhi zomiswe endaweni enezinga lokushisa elingashintshi noma le-vacuum kuye ngokuthi itshe liyigwadle lemvelo noma itshe lokwenziwa. Lezi zivivinyo ziqinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kuhlangabezana nokuqina nokuzinza okulindeleke kubunjiniyela obunembayo.
Izingxenye ze-granite, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zisetshenziswa kumalebhu e-metrology noma emishinini yezimboni ethuthukisiwe, zihlala zibalulekile emikhakheni edinga izindawo eziyinkomba ezizinzile. Ngokufakwa okufanele, ukuhlolwa okuvamile, nokubuyiselwa okuphrofeshinali, amapulatifomu e-granite nezakhiwo zingagcina ukunemba kwazo iminyaka eminingi. Izinzuzo zabo ezingokwemvelo—ukuqina kohlangothi, ukumelana nokugqwala, nokwethembeka kwesikhathi eside—kubenza babe amathuluzi abalulekile ekwenzeni izinto ngokunembayo, ucwaningo lwesayensi, kanye nezindawo zokukhiqiza ezizenzakalelayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-20-2025