Uma ungena kunoma yisiphi isitolo semishini esinokunemba okuphezulu, ilebhu yokulinganisa, noma isikhungo sokuhlanganisa izindiza kulo lonke elaseYurophu noma eNyakatho Melika, cishe uzothola into oyaziyo: i-granite emnyama, ecwebezelayo esetshenziswa njengesisekelo esithule sokulinganisa okubucayi. Leli yi-Granite Surface Plate—itshe lesisekelo le-metrology iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Kodwa nansi umbuzo abambalwa abawubuzayo: ingabe lelo plate linikeza ukunemba elaklanyelwa lona, noma ingabe ukusebenza kwalo kuphazanyiswa buthule yindlela elifakwe ngayo, elisekelwa ngayo, futhi eligcinwa ngayo?
Iqiniso liwukuthi,Ipuleti Lomphezulu WegraniteKungaphezu nje kwengcezu yetshe eliyisicaba. Kuyi-artifact elinganisiwe—ukubonakaliswa okungokoqobo kweqiniso lejiyometri. Kodwa abasebenzisi abaningi kakhulu bayiphatha njengefenisha: eboshwe ohlakeni olubuthakathaka, ebekwe eduze komthombo wokushisa, noma eshiywe ingalingani iminyaka eminingi ngaphansi kombono wokuthi “i-granite ayishintshi.” Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi i-granite inikeza ukuzinza okumangalisayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsimbi, ayivikelekile emaphutheni. Futhi uma ihlanganiswa nezinsimbi ezibucayi njengezikali zokuphakama, izinkomba zokudayela, noma ama-comparators okukhanya, ngisho nokuphambuka kwama-micron ayi-10 kungangena ekuhluleleni okubizayo.
Yilapho umehluko phakathi kwepuleti elingenalutho kanye nesistimu ephelele uba yinto ebalulekile. Ipuleti Lomphezulu We-Granite elinesitendi aligcini nje ngokuba lula—limayelana nobuqotho be-metrological. Isitendi asiyona into esetshenziswayo; yingxenye eyenziwe ngobunjiniyela eqinisekisa ukuthi ipuleti lihlala liyisicaba, lizinzile, futhi lifinyeleleka ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela. Ngaphandle kwalo, ngisho ne-granite yezinga eliphezulu ingaguguleka, idlidlize, noma ishintshe—iyekethisa zonke izilinganiso ezithathwe kulo.
Ake siqale ngezinto ngokwazo. I-granite emnyama yezinga le-Metrology—evame ukutholakala ezinkwalini ezincane, ezikhululekile ekucindezelekeni eNdiya, eShayina, noma eScandinavia—ikhethwa ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo se-isotropic, ukwanda okuphansi kokushisa (cishe u-6–8 µm/m·°C), kanye nezakhiwo zemvelo zokudambisa umswakama. Ngokungafani nensimbi ephonswe ngensimbi, egqwala, egcina ukucindezeleka komshini, futhi ekhula ngokuphawulekayo ngokushisa, i-granite ihlala ihambisana ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izindawo ezivamile zokusebenzela. Yingakho amazinga omhlaba wonke njenge-ASME B89.3.7 (US) kanye ne-ISO 8512-2 (yomhlaba wonke) echaza i-granite njengento kuphela eyamukelekayo yamapuleti obuso obunembile asetshenziswa ekulinganisweni nasekuhlolweni.
Kodwa izinto zodwa azanele. Cabanga ngalokhu: ipuleti elijwayelekile le-Granite Surface Plate elingu-1000 x 2000 mm linesisindo esingaba ngu-600–700 kg. Uma libekwe phansi elingalingani noma ohlakeni olungaqinile, amandla adonsela phansi kuphela angabangela ukuphambuka okuncane—ikakhulukazi phakathi nendawo. Lokhu kuphambuka kungase kungabonakali emehlweni kodwa kulinganiswe nge-interferometry, futhi kwephula ngokuqondile ukubekezelelana kokuphambuka. Isibonelo, ipuleti le-Grade 0 lalowo sayizi kumele ligcine ukuphambuka ngaphakathi kwama-micron angu-±13 kulo lonke ubuso balo ngokwe-ISO 8512-2. Ipuleti elingasekelwa kahle lingadlula lokho kalula—ngisho noma i-granite ngokwayo yayinamathele kahle.
Yilokho amandla—kanye nesidingo—senhloso eyakhelwe ngaphakathiIpuleti Lomphezulu Wegranitenge-stand. I-stand yekhwalithi ephezulu yenza okungaphezu kokuphakamisa ipuleti libe ukuphakama kwe-ergonomic (ngokuvamile 850–900 mm). Ihlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuqondile kwamaphuzu amathathu noma amaphuzu amaningi okuhambisana namaphuzu emvelo epuleti ukuvimbela ukugoba. Ihlanganisa ukuqinisa okuqinile ukuze imelane nokugoba. Eziningi zifaka izinyawo ezidambisa ukudlidliza noma izikhonkwane zokuhlukanisa ukuvikela ukuphazamiseka okuthwalwa phansi okuvela emishinini eseduze. Ezinye zize zibe nezitheminali zokusekela phansi ukuze zisuse i-static—ebalulekile kuma-electronics noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zamagumbi okuhlanza.
Kwa-ZHHIMG, sisebenze namakhasimende ayecabanga ukuthi ipuleti lawo le-granite “lalilungile ngokwanele” ngoba libukeka libushelelezi futhi alizange liqhekeke. Omunye umhlinzeki wezimoto eMidwest uthole ukufundwa kokulungiswa kwe-bore okungahambisani emacaleni okudlulisa. Ngemva kophenyo, imbangela kwakungeyona i-CMM noma umqhubi—kwakuwuhlaka lwensimbi olwenziwe ekhaya olwalugobeka ngaphansi komthwalo. Ukushintshela ku-Granite Surface Plate eqinisekisiwe enesitendi, eklanyelwe iziqondiso ze-ASME, kwaqeda ukuhlukahluka ngobusuku obubodwa. Izinga labo lokulahla izinto ezilahliwe lehle ngo-30%, futhi izikhalazo zamakhasimende zanyamalala.
Okunye ukungalungi okuvamile ukulinganisa. Ipuleti Lomphezulu We-Granite—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lizimele noma lifakwe—kumele lilinganiswe kabusha ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze lihlale lithembekile. Izindinganiso zincoma ukulinganisa kabusha minyaka yonke kwamapuleti asetshenziswayo, yize amalebhu anembe kakhulu angakwenza njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Ukulinganisa kwangempela akuyona isitembu serabha; kuhilela ukumaka amakhulu amaphuzu phezu kobuso kusetshenziswa amazinga kagesi, ama-autocollimator, noma ama-interferometer e-laser, bese kudala imephu ye-contour ekhombisa ukuphambuka kwe-peak-to-valley. Le datha ibalulekile ekuhambisaneni ne-ISO/IEC 17025 kanye nokulungela ukuhlolwa.
Ukugcinwa kwayo kubalulekile. Nakuba i-granite ingadingi ukugcotshwa ngamafutha noma ukumbozwa okukhethekile, kufanele ihlanzwe njalo nge-isopropyl alcohol ukuze kususwe izinsalela zokupholisa, ama-chips ensimbi, noma uthuli olungangena kuma-micro-pores. Ungalokothi ubeke amathuluzi asindayo ngqo ebusweni ngaphandle kwama-pad okuvikela, futhi ugweme ukudonsa amabhlogo e-gage—hlala uwaphakamisa bese uwabeka. Gcina ipuleti limboziwe uma lingasetshenziswa ukuvimbela ukungcola okuvela emoyeni.
Uma ukhetha ipuleti lobuso le-Granite, bheka ngale kobuhle. Qinisekisa:
- Izinga lokuthamba (Ibanga 00 lamalebhu okulinganisa, Ibanga 0 lokuhlola, Ibanga 1 lokusetshenziswa okuvamile)
- Isitifiketi se-ASME B89.3.7 noma i-ISO 8512-2
- Imephu eningiliziwe yokuthamba—hhayi nje isitatimende sokudlula/sokwehluleka
- Umsuka kanye nekhwalithi ye-granite (okusanhlamvu okuhle, okungenamifantu noma imithambo ye-quartz)
Futhi ungalokothi uyithathe kancane i-stand. Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi ngabe yaklanywa ngokusebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo, ukuthi izinyawo zokulinganisa zifakiwe yini, nokuthi ngabe yonke inhlangano ihlolwe ngaphansi komthwalo. Kwa-ZHHIMG, yonke i-Granite Surface Plate ene-stand esiyilethayo ihlelwe ngokulandelana, iqinisekiswe ngayinye, futhi ihambisana nesitifiketi esilandelwa yi-NIST. Asithengisi ama-slab—siletha izinhlelo ze-metrology.
Ngoba ekugcineni, ukunemba akukhona ukuba namathuluzi abiza kakhulu. Kumayelana nokuba nesisekelo ongasithemba. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlola i-turbine blade, uhlela i-mold core, noma ulinganisa ukuphakama kwe-gauge, idatha yakho iqala ngobuso obungaphansi kwayo. Uma lobo buso bungesicaba ngempela, buzinzile, futhi bungalandeleki, konke okwakhelwe phezu kwabo kuyasolisa.
Ngakho-ke zibuze: uma uthatha isilinganiso sakho esibucayi kakhulu namuhla, ingabe uyaqiniseka ngereferensi yakho—noma unethemba lokuthi sisanembile? Kwa-ZHHIMG, sikholelwa ukuthi ithemba aliyona isu lokukala. Sikusiza ukuthi ufake esikhundleni sokungaqiniseki ngokusebenza okuqinisekisiwe—ngoba ukunemba kwangempela kuqala kusukela phansi kuya phezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-09-2025