Umhlahlandlela Wokuthuthukisa Isisekelo Somshini Wokumaka I-Laser: Ukuqhathanisa Ukunemba Kokunemba phakathi kweGranite ne-Cast Iron Ekucubunguleni izinga le-Picosecond.

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Ezimeni zokucubungula ezinembayo eziphezulu zemishini yokumaka yeleveli ye-picosecond, isisekelo, njengengxenye eyisisekelo esekela okokusebenza, ukukhethwa kwayo kwempahla kunquma ngokuqondile ukuzinza kokunemba kokucubungula. I-Granite ne-cast iron yizinto ezimbili ezijwayelekile zokwenziwa kwesisekelo. Lesi sihloko sizoqhathanisa izici ezifana nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo, umgomo wokuncishiswa okunembayo, kanye nedatha yohlelo lokusebenza olusebenzayo, ihlinzeka ngesisekelo sesayensi sokuthuthukiswa kwemishini. .
I. Umehluko Wempahla Ebalulekile: Umqondo Oyisisekelo Wokusebenza Okunembayo
I-Granite idwala lemvelo elivuthayo, elakhiwe ukucwebezela kwamaminerali afana ne-quartz ne-feldspar ngaphakathi. Ibonakala ngesakhiwo esiminyene nobulukhuni obuphezulu. Ukuminyana kwayo kuvame ukuba phakathi kuka-2.7 kanye no-3.1g/cm³, futhi i-coefficient yayo yokunweba okushisayo iphansi kakhulu, cishe (4-8) × 10⁻⁶/℃, engamelana ngempumelelo nomthelela wokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ekunembeni kwezinto zokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-microstructure eyingqayizivele ye-granite iyinikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokudambisa, okuyenza ikwazi ukumunca ngokushesha amandla okudlidliza angaphandle futhi inciphise ukuphazamiseka kokudlidliza ekucubunguleni ukunemba. .
I-Cast iron, njengento evamile yezimboni, inokuminyana okungaba ngu-7.86g/cm³, amandla acindezelayo aphezulu kakhulu, kodwa iyashisa.
Inombolo yokunweba (cishe i-12×10⁻⁶/℃) iyiphinda izikhathi ezingu-1.5-3 kune-granite. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezakhiwo ze-flake ze-graphite ngaphakathi kwensimbi ekhonjiwe. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, lezi zakhiwo zingase ziholele ekugxilweni kwengcindezi, kuthinte ukuzinza kwento futhi kamuva kubangele ukwehla kokunemba. .

Ii. I-Precision Attenuation Mechanism kuMachining wezinga le-Picosecond
I-Picosecond-level laser processing inezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokuzinza kwemvelo. Noma yikuphi ukuwohloka okuncane kwezinto eziyisisekelo kuzokhuliswa kube umphumela wokucubungula. Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukudlidliza okukhiqizwa ukusebenza kwemishini, ukukhathala ngaphansi komthwalo wesikhathi eside, njll., zonke izici eziyinhloko eziholela ekunciphiseni ukunemba. .
Lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha, ubukhulu begwadle bushintsha kancane ngenxa ye-coefficient yayo ephansi yokwanda okushisayo. I-coefficient enkulu yokwandisa okushisayo yensimbi ekhonjiwe izobangela ukuthi isisekelo sibe nokuguquguquka okunzima ukukubona ngeso lenyama. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuzothinta ngokuqondile ukuzinza kwendlela ye-laser optical futhi kubangele ukuthi indawo yokumaka ishintshe. Mayelana nokudlidliza, isici sokudambisa okuphezulu kwegwadle singanciphisa ukudlidliza okungu-100Hz phakathi kwamasekhondi angu-0.12, kuyilapho insimbi eyinsimbi idinga imizuzwana engu-0.9. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokudlidliza kwe-high-frequency, ukunemba kokucubungula kwezinto zokusebenza ezinezisekelo ze-cast iron kuthambekele ekuguquguqukeni. .
Iii. Ukuqhathaniswa Kwedatha Yokunakwa Okunembile
Ngokokuhlolwa kwezikhungo ezichwepheshile, phakathi nomsebenzi oqhubekayo wokumaka we-laser we-picosecond wamahora angu-8, ukuncishiswa kokunemba kokuma kwe-XY-axis kwesisetshenziswa esinesisekelo se-granite kungaphakathi kuka-±0.5μm. Ukuncishiswa okunembayo kwensiza yensimbi eyinsimbi kufinyelela ku-±3μm, kunomehluko omkhulu. Endaweni elingisiwe enokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa elingu-5℃, iphutha lokuwohloka kwe-thermal lensimbi yesisekelo se-granite lingu-+ 0.8μm kuphela, kuyilapho lelo lensimbi ecijile liphakeme lifinyelela ku-+12μm. .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokombono wokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside, izinga lokungahluleli kahle kwezisekelo zegwadle lingu-0.03% kuphela, kuyilapho izinga lokungahlulelwa kahle kwezisekelo zensimbi ensimbi liphezulu ngendlela engu-0.5% ngenxa yezinkinga zokuzinza kwesakhiwo. Le datha ibonisa ngokugcwele ukuthi ngaphansi kwezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu zokucubungula kweleveli ye-piccond, inzuzo yokuzinza yesisekelo se-granite ibalulekile. .
Iv. Thuthukisa Iziphakamiso kanye Nezicelo Ezisebenzayo
Emabhizinisini aphishekela ukunemba kokucubungula kokugcina, ukuthuthukisa isisekelo sensimbi ecijile siye kusisekelo se-granite kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesisetshenziswa. Phakathi nenqubo yokuthuthukisa, kufanele kuqashelwe ukunemba kokucubungula kwesisekelo se-granite ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukukhanya okungaphezulu kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuhlanganiswa namadivayisi asizayo afana nesistimu yokuhlukanisa i-air flotation vibration, ukusebenza kwe-anti-vibration kwemishini kungathuthukiswa nakakhulu. .
Njengamanje, ezimbonini ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor chip kanye nokunemba kwengxenye ye-optical component, imishini yokumaka nge-laser enezisekelo zegwadle iye yamukelwa kabanzi, ithuthukisa ngempumelelo umkhiqizo womkhiqizo nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, ngemva kokuthi umkhiqizi othile wengxenye yamehlo ethuthukise okokusebenza kwesisekelo sensimbi, izinga lokunemba komkhiqizo lenyuka lisuka ku-82% laya ku-97%, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwathuthukiswa kakhulu. .
Sengiphetha, ekuthuthukisweni kwesisekelo semishini yokumaka ye-laser yezinga le-picosecond, i-granite, enokuqina kwayo okushisayo okuvelele, ukusebenza kokuswakama okuphezulu kanye nekhono lokulondoloza ukunemba kwesikhathi eside, isibe yinketho ekahle ngaphezu kwensimbi yokusansimbi. Amabhizinisi angakhetha ngokunengqondo izinto eziyisisekelo ngokusekelwe kuzimfuneko zawo zokucubungula kanye nesabelomali ukuze afinyelele ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele kokusebenza kwemishini.