Emkhakheni wemishini yokumaka i-laser yezinga le-picosecond, ukunemba kuyinkomba eyinhloko yokuhlola ukusebenza kwemishini. Isisekelo, njengesithwali esiyinhloko sohlelo lwe-laser kanye nezingxenye zokunemba, izinto zaso zithinta ngqo ukuzinza kokunemba kokucubungula. I-Granite ne-cast iron, njengezinto ezimbili eziyisisekelo eziyinhloko, zinomehluko omkhulu ezicini zokunciphisa ukunemba ngesikhathi sokucubungula i-picosecond yezinga eliphezulu. Lesi sihloko sizohlaziya ngokujulile izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokusebenza kwalokhu okubili ukuze kunikezwe isisekelo sesayensi sokuthuthukisa imishini.
Izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo zinquma isisekelo sokunemba
I-Granite empeleni iyidwala eliyi-igneous elakhiwe ngezinqubo ze-geological eminyakeni engamakhulu ezigidi. Isakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi sekristalu siminyene futhi siyafana, sine-coefficient yokwandisa eqondile ephansi njengo-0.5-8 × 10⁻⁶/℃, efana neye-alloys enembile njengensimbi ye-indium. Lesi sici senza ushintsho lwayo lobukhulu lucishe lungabi yinto etheni lapho izinga lokushisa elizungezile lishintshashintsha, okugwema ngempumelelo i-optical path offset kanye namaphutha omshini abangelwa ukwanda nokuncipha kokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuningi be-granite buphakeme njengo-2.6-2.8g / cm³, ngokwemvelo enekhono elihle kakhulu lokumunca ukudlidliza. Inganciphisa ngokushesha ukudlidliza okuvame kakhulu okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokucubungula nge-laser, iqinisekise ukuzinza kohlelo lokukhanya nezingxenye ezihambayo.
Izisekelo zensimbi ephothiwe zisetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuhle kakhulu kokuphothiwe kanye nezinzuzo zezindleko. Isakhiwo esijwayelekile se-flake graphite sensimbi ephothiwe empunga siyinika ukusebenza okuthile kokuphothiwe, okungamunca cishe u-30% kuya ku-50% wamandla okudlidliza. Kodwa-ke, i-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa kwensimbi ephothiwe cishe ingu-10-12 ×10⁻⁶/℃, okuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-2-3 kune-granite. Ngaphansi kokuqongelela kokushisa okubangelwa ukucubungula okuqhubekayo kwesikhathi eside, ukuguqulwa kobukhulu kungenzeka. Okwamanje, kukhona ukucindezeleka kokuphothiwe ngaphakathi kwensimbi ephothiwe. Njengoba ukucindezeleka kukhishwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokusebenzisa, kungabangela izinguquko ezingenakuguqulwa ekuthambekeni nasekuqondeni kwesisekelo.
Indlela yokunciphisa ngokunemba ekucutshungulweni kwezinga le-picosecond
Ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser ye-Picosecond, ngezici zayo zokushaya kwenhliziyo okufushane kakhulu, kungafinyelela ukucutshungulwa okuhle ezingeni le-sub-micron noma ngisho ezingeni le-nanometer, kodwa futhi kunezidingo eziqinile zokuzinza kwemishini. Isisekelo se-granite, ngesakhiwo saso sangaphakathi esizinzile, singalawula impendulo yokudlidliza ezingeni le-sub-micron ngaphansi komthelela we-laser ovame kakhulu, silondoloze ngempumelelo ukunemba kokubekwa kokugxila kwe-laser. Idatha elinganisiwe ikhombisa ukuthi umshini wokumaka i-laser onesisekelo se-granite usagcina ukuphambuka kobubanzi bomugqa ngaphakathi kwe-±0.5μm ngemuva kokucutshungulwa kwe-picosecond okuqhubekayo kwamahora angu-8.
Uma isisekelo sensimbi ephonswe sivezwa ukudlidliza okuphezulu kwe-laser ye-picosecond, isakhiwo sangaphakathi sezinhlamvu sizokhathala kancane ngenxa yomthelela oqhubekayo, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukuqina kwesisekelo. Idatha yokuqapha evela enkampanini ethile yokukhiqiza i-semiconductor ikhombisa ukuthi ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zokusebenza, izinga lokunciphisa ukunemba kokucubungula kwemishini enezisekelo zensimbi ephonswe lifinyelela ku-12%, okubonakala kakhulu njengokwanda kokuqina kwemiphetho yomugqa kanye nokwanda kwamaphutha okubeka. Okwamanje, insimbi ephonswe ibucayi kakhulu emswakama wemvelo. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kuthambekele ekugqwaleni, okusheshisa kakhulu ukuwohloka kokunemba.
Ukuqinisekiswa kokwehluka kokusebenza kwezicelo ezisebenzayo
Emkhakheni wokucubungula izingxenye ze-3C ngokunemba kwe-elekthronikhi, ibhizinisi elaziwayo lenze ukuhlolwa kokuqhathanisa ekusebenzeni kwemishini kwezinhlobo ezimbili zezisekelo zezinto. Kulolu cwaningo, imishini emibili yokumaka i-picosecond laser enesimo esifanayo yahlonyiswa ngokulandelana ngezisekelo ze-granite nezensimbi eziphonswe ukuze kunqunywe futhi kuphawulwe ingilazi yezikrini zefoni ephathekayo ngobubanzi obungu-0.1mm. Ngemva kwamahora angu-200 okucubungula okuqhubekayo, izinga lokugcina lokunemba kokucubungula kwemishini yesisekelo se-granite lalingu-98.7%, kanti elomshini wesisekelo sensimbi eliphonswe lalingu-86.3% kuphela. Amaphethelo engilazi acutshungulwe yileli thuluzi abonise amaphutha asobala e-sawtooth.
Ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye zezindiza, idatha yokuqapha yesikhathi eside yesikhungo esithile socwaningo ibonisa umehluko ngendlela eqondakalayo: Umshini wokumaka we-laser onesisekelo se-granite unokuncipha kokunemba okuhlanganisiwe okungaphansi kuka-3μm ngaphakathi kwempilo yesevisi yeminyaka emihlanu; Kodwa-ke, ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, iphutha lokucubungula imishini yesisekelo sensimbi ecijile elibangelwa ukuguquka kwesisekelo lidlule izinga lenqubo elingu-±10μm, futhi ukulinganiswa kokunemba komshini jikelele kufanele kwenziwe.
Iziphakamiso zokuthuthukisa izinqumo
Uma amabhizinisi ethatha ukucubungula okuzinzile okunembe kakhulu nomjikelezo omude njengezidingo zawo eziyinhloko, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni efana nama-semiconductor chips kanye nezingxenye ze-optical ezinembile, izisekelo ze-granite, eziqinile ekushiseni kwazo okuvelele kanye nokumelana nokudlidliza, ziyisinqumo esihle sokuthuthukisa. Nakuba izindleko zayo zokuqala zokuthenga ziphakeme ngo-30% kuya ku-50% kunezensimbi ephonswe, ngokombono wezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila ogcwele, imvamisa encishisiwe yokulinganisa okunembile kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi kwemishini yokulungisa kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinzuzo eziphelele. Ezimweni zokusetshenziswa ezinezidingo zokunemba kokucubungula eziphansi kanye nesabelomali esilinganiselwe, izisekelo zensimbi ephonswe zingasetshenziswa njengesixazululo sesikhashana ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokulawula ngokufanele indawo yokusetshenziswa.
Ngokuqhathanisa ngokuhlelekile izici zokunciphisa ukunemba kwe-granite ne-cast iron ekucutshungulweni kwezinga le-picosecond, kungabonakala ukuthi ukukhetha izinto eziyisisekelo ezifanele kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ukunemba kokucubungula nokuthembeka komshini wokumaka i-laser. Amabhizinisi kufanele, ngokubheka izidingo zawo zobuchwepheshe kanye nokucatshangelwa kwezindleko, enze izinqumo zesayensi ngohlelo lokuthuthukisa isisekelo ukuze anikeze isisekelo esiqinile semishini yokukhiqiza ephezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-22-2025