Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza okunembayo kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi oluthuthukisiwe, ukukhethwa okuyisisekelo kweplathifomu entantayo yokucindezela okuqinile yomoya kuyisici esibalulekile sokunquma ukusebenza kwayo. Isisekelo se-Granite sokunemba kanye nesisekelo se-ceramic sinezici zabo siqu, ezibonisa izinzuzo ezihlukene nezici ekuzinzeni, ukugcinwa kokunemba, ukuqina nokunye.
Ukuzinza: Isakhiwo semvelo ngokumelene ne-synthetic
Ngemva koshintsho olude lwe-geological, i-granite ihlanganiswe eduze ne-quartz, i-feldspar namanye amaminerali, yakha isakhiwo esiminyene nesifanayo. Lapho kubhekene nokuphazamiseka kokudlidliza kwangaphandle, okufana nokudlidliza okuqinile okukhiqizwa ukusebenza kwemishini emikhulu endaweni yokusebenzela yasefekthri, isisekelo segwadle singavimba ngempumelelo futhi sinciphise, okunganciphisa ukuphakama kokudlidliza kweplathifomu entantayo yomoya oqinile onembile ngaphezu kuka-80%, inikeze isisekelo sokusebenza esizinzile sepulatifomu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kokucubungula okushelelayo noma ukunemba okuphezulu. Isibonelo, enqubweni ye-lithography yokukhiqiza i-semiconductor chip, isisekelo esizinzile se-granite singaqinisekisa ukusebenza okunembile kwemishini ye-chip lithography futhi sizuze ukunemba okuphezulu kwamaphethini we-chip.
Isisekelo se-ceramic senziwe ngokwenziwa kokwenziwa kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, futhi isakhiwo saso sangaphakathi sibuye sifane futhi sinezici ezinhle zokudambisa ukudlidliza. Uma ubhekene nokudlidliza okuvamile, kungakha indawo yokusebenza ezinzile yeplathifomu entantayo yomoya oqinile oqinile. Kodwa-ke, lapho ibhekene namandla aphezulu nokudlidliza okuqhubekayo, ikhono layo lokunciphisa ukudlidliza lingaphansi kancane kunesisekelo segwadle, futhi kunzima ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kokudlidliza kuya kuzinga eliphansi elifanayo, elingase libe nomthelela othile ekuhambeni okunembe kakhulu kweplathifomu.
Ukugcinwa kokunemba: ukunwetshwa okuphansi kwezinzuzo zemvelo nokulawulwa kokwenziwa kokunemba
I-Granite yaziwa nge-coefficient yayo ephansi kakhulu yokwandisa ukushisa, ngokuvamile ku-5-7 × 10⁻⁶/℃. Esimweni sokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, usayizi wesisekelo sokunemba se-granite ushintsha kancane kakhulu. Emkhakheni wesayensi yezinkanyezi, iplathifomu yokuntanta yomoya oqinile we-static yokulungisa kahle ilensi yesibonakude ibhangqwe nesisekelo segwadle, ngisho noma umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku ubalulekile, ingaqinisekisa ukuthi ukunemba kokuma kwelensi kugcinwa kuzinga le-submicron, kusize izazi zezinkanyezi ukuthi zithwebule amandla acashile emizimbeni ekude.
Izinto zobumba zinhle kakhulu ngokuzinza kwe-thermal, futhi i-coefficient yokwanda okushisayo kwezinye izitsha zobumba ezisebenza kahle ingaba phansi cishe cishe ku-zero futhi ingalawulwa ngokunembile ngokubunjwa nenqubo. Kwezinye izisetshenziswa zokulinganisa ezinembayo ezizwela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, isisekelo se-ceramic singagcina usayizi ozinzile lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha, liqinisekisa ukunemba kokunyakaza kweplathifomu entantayo yomoya we-static enembayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuzinza kwayo kokunemba kwesikhathi eside ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo kuthintwa izici ezifana nokuguga kwezinto ezibonakalayo futhi kudinga ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe.
Ukuqina: Itshe lemvelo eliqinile kanye nezinto zokwenziwa ezimelana nokugqwala
Ukuqina kwe-Granite kuphezulu, ubulukhuni be-Mohs bungafinyelela ku-6-7, ukumelana okuhle kokugqoka. Elabhorethri yesayensi yezinto zokwakha, iplatifomu yokuntanta yokunemba kwe-static air evame ukusetshenziswa, isisekelo sayo segwadle singamelana ngokuphumelelayo nokulahlekelwa ukungqubuzana kwesikhathi eside, uma kuqhathaniswa nesisekelo esivamile, singanweba umjikelezo wokunakekela weplathifomu ngaphezu kuka-50%, sinciphise izindleko zokugcinwa kwemishini, futhi siqinisekise ukuqhubeka komsebenzi wocwaningo lwesayensi. Kodwa-ke, impahla ye-granite iqinile, kunengozi yokuqhekeka lapho kuthinteke ngengozi.
Isisekelo se-ceramic asinzima nje kuphela, kodwa futhi sinokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqwala. Ezindaweni zezimboni lapho kunobungozi bokugqwala kwamakhemikhali, njengezinkundla zokunemba ze-hydrostatic air flotation kumpahla yokuhlola umkhiqizo wamakhemikhali, izisekelo zobumba zimelana namagesi agqwalayo noma uketshezi, zigcina ubuqotho obungaphezulu kanye nezakhiwo zemishini isikhathi eside. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ezinjengomswakama ophezulu, ukuzinza kokusebenza kwesisekelo se-ceramic kungcono kunesisekelo se-granite.
Izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nobunzima bokucubungula: inselele yezimayini yetshe lemvelo kanye nomkhawulo wezobuchwepheshe wokuhlanganisa okwenziwayo
Ukumbiwa kanye nokuthuthwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kwe-granite kuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ukucubungula kudinga imishini nobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu, ukuqina, ukusika, ukugaya, ukupholisha nezinye izinqubo zivame ukuwa, ukuqhekeka, izinga eliphezulu le-scrap, okuholela ezindlekweni eziphezulu zokukhiqiza.
Ukukhiqizwa kwesisekelo se-Ceramic kuncike ekuhlanganiseni okuthuthukile kanye nobuchwepheshe bemishini bokunemba, kusukela ekulungiseni izinto ezingavuthiwe, ukubumba kuya ekushiseni, zonke izinyathelo zidinga ukulawulwa ngokunembile. Ucwaningo lwangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nentuthuko kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini kukhulu, kusezingeni eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe. Kodwa-ke, ngokwanda kwesikali sokukhiqiza, izindleko zilindeleke ukuba zehliswe, futhi zinamandla angabizi kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okuphezulu.
Sekukonke, izisekelo ze-granite ezinembayo zisebenza kahle ekuzinzeni kukonke nasekuqineni okuvamile, kuyilapho izisekelo ze-ceramic zinezinzuzo ezihlukile ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa okwedlulele kanye nokuqina kokugqwala. Ukukhethwa kwesisekelo kufanele kusekelwe esimweni esithile sohlelo lokusebenza, izimo zemvelo kanye nesabelomali sezindleko zeplathifomu yokuntanta yomoya oqinile oqinile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-10-2025