Emkhakheni wokukhiqizwa kwezimboni, ukusebenza okuzinzile kwemishini kuwumgogodla wokuqinisekisa amandla okukhiqiza nokusebenza kahle. Nokho, inkinga yokuphelelwa isikhathi kwemishini okubangelwa ukugqwala kwezisekelo zensimbi ezisansimbi sekuyisikhathi eside ihlupha imboni yokukhiqiza. Kusukela kumathuluzi okulinganisa anembayo kuye kumishini esindayo, uma kugqwala izisekelo zensimbi, ngeke nje kuholele ekulinganisweni okungalungile nokuguga kwezingxenye eziwumshini, kodwa futhi kungase kubangele ukwehluleka kwemishini kanye nokuphazamiseka kokukhiqiza. Isisekelo se-granite, esinezici zayo zemvelo zokunqanda ukugqwala, sinikeza amabhizinisi isixazululo sakanye-futhi-saso sonke.
Ukugqwala kwezisekelo zensimbi: "umbulali ongabonakali" ekukhiqizeni izimboni
Izisekelo ze-cast iron zake zasetshenziswa kabanzi kumishini ehlukahlukene yezimboni ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi kanye nokucubungula kalula. Kodwa-ke, i-cast iron empeleni iyingxube ye-iron-carbon. Isakhiwo saso sangaphakathi siqukethe inani elikhulu lama-pores amancane nokungcola, okuvame kakhulu ekuphenduleni kwe-oxidation ngomswakama nomoya-mpilo emoyeni, okwenza ukugqwala. Ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezimanzi, ezindaweni ezisogwini ezinesifutho sikasawoti omningi, noma lapho zichayeke kumakhemikhali anjengamapholisa kanye ne-asidi noma izihlanzi ze-alkali, izinga lokugqwala lezisekelo zensimbi lizokhuphuka kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, endaweni evamile yezimboni, izisekelo zensimbi ezisansimbi zizobonisa ukugqwala okusobala ngokwesilinganiso njalo eminyakeni emi-2 kuya kwemi-3. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu noma ezonakalisayo, impilo yayo yesevisi ingafushaniswa ibe ngaphansi konyaka owodwa.
Ngemuva kokugqwala, ingaphezulu lesisekelo se-cast iron izoxebuka kancane kancane futhi ingalingani, okuholela ekwehleni kokunemba kokufakwa kwemishini futhi kubangele izinkinga ezifana nokudlidliza okuqinile kanye nezingxenye ezixekethile. Emishinini yokulinganisa enembayo, ukuguqulwa okuncane okubangelwa ukugqwala kusisekelo kungase kuholele emaphutheni okulinganisa akhule abe ngaphezu kuka-±5μm, okwenza ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo kungabi nanjongo. Ngamathuluzi omshini osindayo, ukulimala kwesakhiwo okubangelwa ukugqwala kungase kuholele ngisho nasekuvaleni okungazelelwe kwemishini, okuholela ekukhubazekeni komugqa wokukhiqiza. Ifekthri ethile ekhiqiza izingxenye zezimoto yake yaba nokungasebenzi kahle kwethuluzi layo lokulinganisa lokunemba lokuhlanganisa ngenxa yokugqwala kwesisekelo sensimbi. Ukulahlekelwa okuqondile kwezomnotho okubangelwa ukungasebenzi kwemishini phakathi nonyaka kudlule amayuan ayisigidi.
Isisekelo se-Granite: I-anti-corrosion yemvelo "Isivikelo sokuzivikela"
I-Granite iyitshe lemvelo elakhiwe ngezinqubo ze-geological phezu kwamakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka. Amakristalu ayo angaphakathi amaminerali acwebezeliswe eduze, futhi ukwakheka kwawo kuminyene futhi kuyafana, kuyinikeza inzuzo engokwemvelo yokumelana nokugqwala. Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-granite (i-quartz, i-feldspar, i-mica, njll.) zinezici zamakhemikhali ezizinzile futhi aziphenduli ngezinto ezivamile ze-asidi noma ze-alkaline. Ngisho noma zithintana isikhathi eside noketshezi olubolayo njengezinto ezipholile kanye nezinto zokuhlanza, akukho ukugqwala okuzokwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingaphezulu le-granite cishe lingenalo ama-pores, futhi amanzi awakwazi ukungena ngaphakathi, aqede amathuba okuba ne-oxidation nokugqwala kusuka empandeni.
Idatha yokuhlola ibonisa ukuthi uma i-granite ne-cast iron kubekwa kanyekanye endaweni egqwala kakhulu equkethe isixazululo se-sodium chloride engu-10%, insimbi ekhonjiwe ibonisa izindawo zokugqwala ezisobala phakathi namahora angu-48, kuyilapho ngemva kwamahora angu-1000 okuhlola, ingaphezulu legwadle lihlala libushelelezi njengelisha ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokugqwala. Lokhu kusebenza okuvelele kokuqeda ukugqwala kwenza izisekelo zegwadle zibonise izinzuzo ezingenakubuyiseleka ezimbonini ezinokugqwala okuqinile njengobunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, ukucubungula ukudla, nobunjiniyela basolwandle.
Izindleko Zomjikelezo Wempilo Egcwele Ukuthuthukisa: Ukusuka "kutshalomali lwesikhathi esifushane" kuya "kukubuyisela isikhathi eside"
Nakuba izindleko zokuqala zokuthengwa kwezisekelo zegwadle ziphakeme kunezensimbi ekhonjiwe, ngokombono wawo wonke umjikelezo wempilo wemishini, izinzuzo eziphelele ezilethwayo ziwudlula kude umehluko wezindleko. Isisekelo se-cast iron sidinga ukunakekelwa njalo ngenxa yokugqwala (njengokukhipha ukugqwala nokupenda kabusha), futhi izindleko zonyaka zokulungisa zibalelwa cishe ku-10% kuya ku-15% yenani lokuthenga. Uma ukugqwala kunamandla, sonke isisekelo sidinga ukushintshwa, okwandisa ngokuqondile isikhathi sokunciphisa imishini kanye nezindleko zokushintshwa. Isisekelo se-granite asidingi cishe ukunakekelwa, sinempilo yesevisi engaphezu kweminyaka engama-20, futhi sigcina ukunemba okuzinzile kanye nokusebenza kukho konke ukusetshenziswa, kunciphisa ngempumelelo ukwehluleka kwemishini kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula.
Ngemuva kokuthi inkampani ethile ekhiqiza ama-elekthronikhi ithathele indawo isisekelo sensimbi ecijile yolayini wokukhiqiza yafaka isisekelo segwadle, izinga lokungasebenzi kwemishini lehla ngo-85%, umjikelezo wokulinganisa wemishini yokukala wanwetshwa kusukela kanye ngenyanga kuya kanye ngonyaka, futhi izindleko eziphelele zonyaka zehliswa ngama-40%. Ukwengeza, ukuzinza okuphezulu kwesisekelo se-granite kukhulise izinga lokufaneleka komkhiqizo, okwenza ngokungaqondile izinzuzo zezomnotho eziphezulu.
Kumagagasi okuthuthukiswa kwemishini yezimboni, ukusuka ezisekelweni zensimbi ezisansimbi kuye kwezisekelweni zegwadle akukhona nje ukuphindwaphindwa kwezinto kodwa futhi kuwukugxuma emicabangweni yokukhiqiza ukusuka kokuthi "ukwenza okuthile" kuye "ubuhle". Ngokukhetha isisekelo se-granite, amabhizinisi akakwazi nje ukuxazulula ngokuphelele inkinga yokugqwala nokugqwala, kodwa futhi azuze ukuthuthukiswa okumbaxambili ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwemishini, ukubeka isisekelo esiqinile sokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngenkathi yokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-13-2025