Emncintiswaneni onzima "wokulingana kwegridi" embonini ye-photovoltaic, ukulungiswa kwezindleko ze-kilowatt-hora ngayinye kagesi kuhlobene nokuncintisana okuyinhloko kwamabhizinisi. Njengemishini ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwamamojula weseli yelanga, ukunemba kwepulatifomu ehambayo yomshini wokushisela izintambo ze-photovoltaic kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokushisela kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Ipulatifomu yokunyakaza kwe-granite enikezelwe emishinini yokushisela izintambo ze-photovoltaic, enokuqina kwayo okuphezulu okungu-0.5μm/ngonyaka, inikeza ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe kokunciphisa izindleko nge-kilowatt-hora kusuka kubukhulu obuhlukahlukene.
Ukuqina okuphezulu kuqinisekisa ukunemba kokushisela futhi kunciphisa imfucuza yezinto ezibonakalayo
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela ngentambo yamaseli e-photovoltaic, ukuphambuka endaweni yokushisela kungaholela ekuxhumekeni okubi kwamaseli, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla kwamamojula futhi kukhiqize ngisho nemikhiqizo enephutha. Ipulatifomu yokunyakaza yendabuko ithambekele ekuguqukeni kobukhulu ngenxa yezici ezifana nokushintsha kokushisa kwemvelo kanye nokudlidliza komshini, okuholela ekuphambeni endaweni yokushisela. I-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa kwepulatifomu yezemidlalo ye-granite ingama-(4-8) ×10⁻⁶/℃ kuphela. Kuhlanganiswe nesakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi esiminyene nesilinganayo, ukuzinza kobukhulu obungu-0.5μm/ngonyaka kungafinyelelwa.
Uma sithatha umugqa wokukhiqiza we-1GW photovoltaic module njengesibonelo, uma kusetshenziswa ipulatifomu evamile yokunyakaza, ukuphambuka kwesikhundla sokushisela okubangelwa ukuguqulwa kobukhulu kudlula u-0.1mm, okungase kubangele ukuthi izinga lokukhubazeka kokushisela lamaseli elanga likhuphukele ku-3%. Uma usebenzisa amapulatifomu ezemidlalo e-granite, izinga lokukhubazeka kokushisela lingalawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-0.5%. Ngokunciphisa ngakunye okungu-1% kwesilinganiso sokukhubazeka, amaseli ebhethri angaphezu kwesigidi sama-yuan angagcinwa minyaka yonke, kwehlisa ngqo izindleko zokukhiqiza zezingxenye futhi kubeke isisekelo sokwehla kwezindleko nge-kilowatt-hora.
Nciphisa imvamisa yokugcinwa kwemishini futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza
Ipulatifomu yokunyakaza enokuqina okungekuhle kobukhulu izobangela ukuguguleka okusheshayo kwezingxenye zokudlulisela kanye nokwehla kokunemba kokuma ngenxa yokuguquguquka ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke idinga ukulinganiswa nokugcinwa kwemishini njalo. Amapulatifomu ezemidlalo e-granite, ngokuqina kwawo okuvelele, anganciphisa ngempumelelo ukwenzeka kwezinkinga ezinjalo.
Ngenxa yokwehluka kwayo okuncane kobukhulu obungu-0.5μm ngonyaka, izinga lokuguguleka kwezingxenye ezibalulekile njengendlela yokudlulisa kanye nenzwa yokubeka umshini wokushisela izintambo lincishisiwe kakhulu. Ngokusho kwedatha yokulinganisa yangempela yebhizinisi elithile lokukhiqiza i-photovoltaic, ngemuva kokusebenzisa ipulatifomu yokunyakaza kwe-granite, umjikelezo wokulungisa umshini wokushisela izintambo unwetshiwe kusukela kanye ngenyanga kuya kanye ngekota, kanti isikhathi sokulungisa esisodwa sincishisiwe kusukela emahoreni angu-8 kuya emahoreni ama-3. Ukunciphisa imvamisa yokugcinwa kwemishini kusho ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nezindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa kwemishini eziphansi. Ngokusekelwe emugqeni wokukhiqiza onekhono lonyaka lama-500MW, ungandisa isikhathi sokukhiqiza esisebenzayo cishe ngamahora angu-200 unyaka ngamunye, ukhiqize amamojula e-photovoltaic amaningi abiza ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-5 zama-yuan, futhi unciphise kakhulu izindleko nge-kilowatt-hora.
Yandisa impilo yesevisi yemishini futhi unciphise izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali
Izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali zemishini yokukhiqiza i-photovoltaic ziphakeme, futhi impilo yesevisi yemishini ithinta ngqo imbuyiselo yokutshalwa kwezimali kwamabhizinisi. Ngenxa yezinguquko zesikhathi eside kanye nokuguquguquka kwesakhiwo, amapulatifomu okunyakaza avamile avame ukwehluleka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza ezinembile kakhulu iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu. Ngenxa yalokho, amabhizinisi kufanele ashintshe imishini kusenesikhathi, okwandisa ingcindezi yokutshalwa kwezimali kwempahla engaguquki.
Amapulatifomu ezemidlalo e-granite, anezakhiwo zawo eziqinile zomzimba nezamakhemikhali, angagcina ukunemba okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside futhi andise ngempumelelo impilo yesevisi iyonke yomshini wokushisela izintambo. Idatha evela kumkhiqizi othile wemishini ye-photovoltaic ikhombisa ukuthi umshini wokushisela izintambo ohlonyiswe ngepulatifomu yokuhamba kwe-granite usengakwazi ukugcina ukunemba kokubeka ukushisela ngaphakathi kuka-±0.1mm ngemuva kokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo iminyaka engu-8, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza zezingxenye ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, amadivayisi asebenzisa amapulatifomu avamile okunyakaza adinga ukushintshwa kwezingxenye zawo eziyinhloko noma umshini wonke uthuthukiswe ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu. Ukwandiswa kwesikhathi senkonzo yemishini kwenza izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali kwempahla ehleliwe zamabhizinisi zabiwe isikhathi eside, okunciphisa kakhulu ingxenye yokwehla kwenani lemishini ezindlekweni nge-kilowatt-hora.
Lungiselela ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ezisebenzayo futhi wandise imali engenayo yokukhiqizwa kukagesi
Ukuqina kobukhulu obungu-0.5μm/ngonyaka kunikeza isiqinisekiso sokuthi umshini wokushisela wezintambo ze-photovoltaic ufeze ukushisela okunembe kakhulu, okwenza amabhizinisi akwazi ukukhiqiza amamojula we-photovoltaic ngokusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ezisetshenzisweni zesiteshi samandla esisebenzayo, izingxenye ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zingafinyelela umthamo omkhulu wokukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nesilinganiso esiphansi sokuncipha kwamandla, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe imali engenayo yokukhiqizwa kwamandla yesiteshi samandla.
Isibonelo, amamojula engilazi ekabili anezinhlangothi ezimbili anokushisela okunembe kakhulu angakhuphula ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla ngo-3% kuya ku-5% uma kuqhathaniswa namamojula ajwayelekile. Thatha isiteshi sikagesi se-photovoltaic esingu-100MW njengesibonelo. Ngokusebenzisa izingxenye ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, singakhiqiza amanye amahora kagesi angama-kilowatt-hora angu-3 kuya ku-5 million ngonyaka. Ukwanda kwemali engenayo yokukhiqizwa kwamandla kusho ukwehla okulinganiselwe kwezindleko nge-kilowatt-hora, okuthuthukisa umnotho kanye nokuncintisana kweziteshi zikagesi ze-photovoltaic.
Ipulatifomu yokunyakaza kwe-granite enikezelwe emishinini yokushisela yezintambo ze-photovoltaic, enokuqina kobukhulu obungu-0.5μm/ngonyaka njengenzuzo yayo eyinhloko, inciphisa ngokuphelele izindleko zokukhiqiza zamamojula e-photovoltaic kanye nezindleko nge-kilowatt-hora ngayinye yeziteshi zamandla ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziningi ezifana nokuqinisekisa ukunemba kokushisela, ukunciphisa ukulungiswa kwemishini, ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwemishini, kanye nokwenza lula ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ezisebenzayo. Inikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kobuchwepheshe embonini ye-photovoltaic ukuze kufezwe "ukulingana kwegridi" kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-21-2025