Izindawo zokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ze-granite zemikhiqizo yenqubo yokukhiqiza ye-semiconductor

I-Granite ingenye yezinto eziwusizo kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ama-semiconductor. Izakhiwo zayo ezihlukile ziyenza ibe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Izingxenye ze-granite zisetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yenqubo yokukhiqiza ama-semiconductor ngenxa yokuqina kwazo, ukuzinza, kanye nokunemba. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezindawo zokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ze-granite emikhiqizweni yenqubo yokukhiqiza ama-semiconductor.

Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa izingxenye zegranite ekukhiqizweni kwe-semiconductor iwukucutshungulwa kwe-wafer. Ukucubungula i-wafer kuhilela izinyathelo eziningana ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuhlanza nokusika. Izingxenye zegranite zisetshenziswa kulezi zinqubo ngenxa yokumelana kwazo namakhemikhali aphezulu. Ziyisicaba kakhulu futhi ezenza zibe zilungele ukusetshenziswa ekucutshungulweni kwe-wafer njengoba zinikeza indawo ezinzile yama-wafer ukuze aphumule kuyo.

Ngaphezu kokucubungula i-wafer, izingxenye ze-granite nazo ziyasetshenziswa ku-lithography. I-Lithography ihilela ukuqopha iphethini ku-wafer kusetshenziswa ukukhanya. Izingxenye ze-granite zisetshenziswa kule nqubo ngenxa yokuqina nokunemba kwazo. Zihlinzeka ngesisekelo esizinzile kakhulu se-wafer futhi zisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphethini iqoshwe kahle ku-wafer.

Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye zegranite ekukhiqizweni kwe-semiconductor kuse-metrology. I-Metrology ihilela ukulinganiswa kwamapharamitha ahlukahlukene njengobukhulu nokuqondana. Izingxenye zegranite zisetshenziswa ekulinganisweni ngenxa yokunemba kwazo. Zizinzile kakhulu futhi okusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izilinganiso ezithathiwe zinembile futhi zithembekile.

Izingxenye zegranite nazo zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuhlanza. Izinhlelo zokuhlanza zisetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwe-semiconductor ukudala indawo elawulwayo yezinqubo ezahlukahlukene. Izingxenye zegranite zisetshenziswa kulezi zinhlelo ngenxa yobuqotho bazo obuphezulu bokuhlanza. Zihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu okwenza zibe zilungele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuhlanza.

Okokugcina, izingxenye zegranite nazo zisetshenziswa emishinini efana nokuhlolwa kwe-wafer kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola. Lezi zinhlelo zisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ikhwalithi yama-wafer nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ayahlangabezana nezindinganiso ezidingekayo. Izingxenye zegranite zisetshenziswa kulezi zinhlelo ngenxa yokuqina nokunemba kwazo. Zinikeza isisekelo esizinzile kakhulu sama-wafer okusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kunembile.

Ekuphetheni, izingxenye zegranite zibalulekile emikhiqizweni yenqubo yokukhiqiza i-semiconductor. Zihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, zizinzile, futhi zinembile okwenza zibe zilungele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokusebenza. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zifaka phakathi ukucubungula i-wafer, i-lithography, i-metrology, izinhlelo ze-vacuum, kanye nemishini efana nezinhlelo zokuhlola nezokuvivinya i-wafer. Ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye zegranite akugcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina iphezulu kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenza kahle futhi ithembekile.