Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza nge-elekthronikhi, ukunemba kokukhiqizwa kwamabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe (i-PCBS) kuhlobene ngqo nokusebenza kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi. Njengemishini eyinhloko enkambisweni yokubhoboza, ukuzinza kokusebenza kanye nokunemba kokucubungula kwemishini yokubhoboza nge-PCB kubaluleke kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo, isici esivame ukunganakwa kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu - isisekelo se-granite - ukunquma buthule ukuthi amandla emishini angakhuliswa yini.
Izinzuzo eziphawulekayo zezisekelo ze-granite
Ukuqina okuvelele, ukumelana nokuphazamiseka kokudlidliza
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubhoboza i-PCB, i-drill bit ijikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu ukuze isike ibhodi, ikhiqize ukudlidliza okuqhubekayo nokuyinkimbinkimbi. Isisekelo se-granite, esinesakhiwo saso esiminyene nesifanayo esakhiwe yizinqubo ze-geological eminyakeni engamakhulu ezigidi, sinokusebenza okunamandla kakhulu kokuzamazama komhlaba. I-granite esezingeni eliphezulu emelelwa yi-"Jinan Green" iqinile ekubunjweni futhi ingamunca futhi isabalalise ngempumelelo amandla okudlidliza akhiqizwa ukusebenza kwemishini, iqinisekise ukuzinza kwemishini yokubhoboza ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izisekelo zezinto ezibonakalayo, i-granite inganciphisa kakhulu umthelela wokudlidliza ekunembeni kokubekwa kwe-drill bit, okwenza ukunemba kwendawo yemigodi ebhoboziwe kube phezulu kanye nokuphambuka kulawulwa ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuncane kakhulu, kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokubhoboza ezinembe kakhulu zemigodi emincane kanye nobubanzi bemigodi emincane yamabhodi e-PCB anesisindo esikhulu.
Ubulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kuqinisekisa ukunemba kwesikhathi eside
Imisebenzi yokubhoboza njalo ibeka inselele enkulu ekumelaneni nokuguguleka kobuso besisekelo. Ubulukhuni be-Mohs be-granite bungafinyelela ku-6 kuya ku-7, budlula kakhulu obezinsimbi ezivamile kanye nepulasitiki eminingi yobunjiniyela. Lesi sici sobulukhuni obuphezulu senza isisekelo se-granite sigcine ukuthamba okuhle nokushelela ebusweni baso ngisho noma sibhekene namandla okushayisana nokungqubuzana kwe-drill bit isikhathi eside. Ngisho nangemva kwemisebenzi eminingi yokubhoboza, izinga lokuguguleka alinakwa, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwemishini yokubhoboza kanye nokunemba kokubhoboza okuqhubekayo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu emabhizinisini amakhulu okukhiqiza i-PCB. Kunganciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwemishini kanye nesikhathi sokulungisa esibangelwa ukuguguleka kwesisekelo, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi kwehlise izindleko zokukhiqiza zizonke.
Ukwanda okuphansi kokushisa kanye nokufinyela, okuvumelana nezimo zokushisa
Eshabhu lokukhiqiza le-PCB, izinga lokushisa elizungezile liyashintshashintsha ngenxa yezici ezifana nezinkathi zonyaka kanye nokushabalaliswa kokushisa kwemishini. Isisekelo esenziwe ngezinto ezivamile sinokukhula okusobala kokushisa kanye nezimpawu zokufinyela, okuzobangela izinguquko ezindaweni ezihambisanayo zezingxenye zemishini futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba kokubhoboza. I-Granite ine-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokwanda kokushisa. Isibonelo, i-coefficient yokwanda okuqondile kwe-granite evamile cishe ingu-4.6×10⁻⁶/℃. Lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha, usayizi wesisekelo se-granite uhlala ufana, uhlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile nesithembekile sokusekela semishini yokubhoboza. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusehlobo elishisayo noma ebusika obubandayo, imishini ingagcina isimo sokubhoboza esinembile kakhulu, iqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwekhwalithi yokubhoboza yezinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo ye-PCB.
Lungisa indlela yokusebenza kwemishini yokubhoboza ye-PCB
Ukufakwa kanye nokubekwa okunembile kubeka isisekelo sokunemba
Ngesikhathi sokucubungula isisekelo se-granite, ngokusebenzisa amasu athuthukile okusika nokugaya idayimane, ukuthamba okuphezulu kakhulu nokunemba okulinganayo kungafinyelelwa. Isibonelo, ukubekezelela ukuthamba kwezisekelo ze-granite ezinembayo ephezulu ngaphakathi kwebanga elingu-1m×1m kungalawulwa kungabi ngaphezu kuka-4μm. Lokhu kwenza imishini yokubhoboza ifakwe ngokushesha nangokunembile ngokusekelwe endaweni eqondile kanye nesakhiwo sokubeka isisekelo, ngokuphambuka okuncane kokufakwa kwengxenye ngayinye. Ukufakwa nokuma okunembile kunikeza isiqinisekiso sokunyakaza okunembile kwe-drill bit ngesikhathi sokusebenza okulandelayo kwemishini, ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kokubhoboza kusuka emthonjeni futhi kunciphisa ngempumelelo izinkinga ezifana nokuphambuka kwesikhundla sembobo kanye nobubanzi bembobo obungaguquki okubangelwa ukufakwa kwemishini okungafanele.
Thuthukisa ukuqina kwesakhiwo futhi uthuthukise ukuzinza kokusebenza
Uma imishini yokubhoboza ye-PCB isebenza, ngaphezu kokudlidliza kwayo, ingase ithintwe nokuthuthwa kwangaphandle, phansi kweworkshop okungalingani nezinye izici. Isisekelo se-granite sinobukhulu obukhulu kanye nokuqina okuqinile. Ngemva kokuhlanganiswa eduze nesakhiwo esiyinhloko semishini, singathuthukisa kakhulu ukuqina kwesakhiwo sayo yonke imishini. Lapho imishini ibhekene nokushaywa ngamandla noma ukudlidliza kwangaphandle, isisekelo se-granite singasabalalisa ngokulinganayo amandla okushaya ngamandla aso aqinile, sivimbele izingxenye ezibalulekile zemishini ukuthi zingasuswa noma ziguquguquke ngenxa yamandla angalingani, futhi siqinisekise ukusebenza okuzinzile kwemishini ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isimo sokusebenza esizinzile sisiza ukwandisa impilo yesevisi yemishini futhi sinikeza indawo yokusebenza ezinzile nethembekile yokubhoboza esezingeni eliphezulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Umphumela wohlelo lokusebenza lokukhiqiza lwangempela
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB kwemikhiqizo yabathengi kagesi
Ekukhiqizweni kwama-PCB emikhiqizo kagesi yabathengi njengamafoni ahlakaniphile namakhompyutha ethebhulethi, isidingo sokunemba kokubhoboza siphezulu kakhulu. Ngemva kokuba ibhizinisi lokukhiqiza elenziwe ngogesi elaziwayo liqalise imishini yokubhoboza ye-PCB enezisekelo ze-granite, izinga lokukhiqiza lomkhiqizo landa lisuka ku-80% laya ngaphezu kuka-90%. Izinkinga ezifana nokuxhumeka komugqa ongemuhle kanye ne-short circuit okubangelwa ukunemba kokubhoboza okunganele zincishisiwe kakhulu. Okwamanje, ngenxa yokunciphisa imvamisa yokugcinwa kwemishini, amandla okukhiqiza ale nkampani njalo ngenyanga akhuphuke ngo-20%, okwehlisa ngempumelelo izindleko zokukhiqiza ngeyunithi ngayinye yomkhiqizo futhi kwazuza intengo kanye nenzuzo yekhwalithi emncintiswaneni omkhulu wemakethe.
Ukukhiqizwa kwebhodi lokulawula lezimboni i-PCBS
Indawo yokusebenza yamabhodi okulawula ezimboni iyinkimbinkimbi, futhi izidingo zokuthembeka ze-PCBS ziqinile. Inkampani egxile ekukhiqizweni kwamabhodi okulawula ezimboni ibone ukwanda okukhulu kwezinga lokuphasa kwamabhodi ayo e-PCB ezivivinyweni zemvelo ezinzima njengokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu ngemuva kokusebenzisa imishini yokubhoboza enezisekelo ze-granite. Ukuqina kokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwemishini kwenza ikhwalithi yokubhoboza ithembeke kakhudlwana, okunikeza isiqinisekiso esiqinile sokusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwebhodi lokulawula lezimboni. Ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu, ibhizinisi livule ngempumelelo izimakethe zamakhasimende ezimboni ezisezingeni eliphezulu, futhi ubukhulu bebhizinisi lalo bulokhu bukhula njalo.
Izisekelo zegranite, ngokuqina kwazo okuhle kakhulu, ubulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka, kanye nokukhula nokuncipha kokushisa okuphansi, zidlala indima engenakuphindwa ekukhuliseni amandla emishini yokubhoboza ye-PCB. Kusukela ekufakweni nasekubekweni kwayo ngokunembile kuya ekuqiniseni ukuqina kwesakhiwo semishini, kanye nokusebenza kwayo okuvelele ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zokukhiqiza zangempela, konke kubonise ngokugcwele inani layo elibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukunemba kokubhoboza kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwe-PCBS. Endleleni yokuphishekela ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle ekukhiqizweni kwe-PCB, isisekelo segranite ngokungangabazeki siyisihluthulelo sokuvula amandla aphezulu emishini yokubhoboza ye-PCB, futhi sifanelwe ukunakwa okukhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa okubanzi kwenani elikhulu lamabhizinisi okukhiqiza ngogesi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-10-2025