Izinsimbi eziqondisayo zemabula zimi njengobufakazi bokuthi izinqubo zemvelo zejoloji zingasetshenziswa kanjani ukuze kubunjiniyela obunembayo. Zakhiwe kusuka kumaminerali afana ne-plagioclase, i-olivine, ne-biotite, lezi zingxenye ziguga ngaphansi komhlaba izigidi zeminyaka, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni okunobuqotho obukhethekile besakhiwo. Ukucwebezela kwawo okumnyama okuhlukile nokuthungwa okufanayo akugcini nje ngokujabulisa ubuhle—kuyizinkomba ezibonakalayo zokuzinza kwangaphakathi okwenza lawa mareyili abaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ezinembayo.
Emsebenzini wabo oyinhloko, ojantshi beziqondiso zemabula basebenza izindima ezimbaxambili: ukusekela izingxenye zemishini esindayo kuyilapho begcina imizila eqondile yomugqa. Ezindaweni zokukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke, lawa ma-rail aqinisekisa buthule ukuthi amathuluzi okusika, amadivaysi okulinganisa, namarobhothi ahlanganisayo ahamba ngokunemba kwezinga le-micron ngisho nangaphansi kwemithwalo ehlukahlukene. Okwenza lokhu kusebenza kuphawuleke ukuthi kuvela kanjani ezimpahleni zemvelo zezinto ezibonakalayo kunezinhlelo zesinxephezelo semishini eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Izidingo zokuklama zalezi zingxenye zezimboni zibonisa amashumi eminyaka okuthuthukiswa konjiniyela. Ukunemba kokuqondisa kusalokhu kubalulekile—ukubekezelela kwanamuhla kokukhiqiza kufuna ukuthi izingxenye ezihambayo zigcine ziqondile phakathi kwezinkulungwane zamayintshi kubo bonke ubude besitimela. Lokhu kunemba kufanele kuqhubeke ngokusebenza okuqhubekayo, yingakho ukumelana nokugqoka kuthola ukunakwa okucophelela phakathi nenqubo yokuqeda. Onjiniyela balungiselela ukuqina kwendawo ngokupholisha okulawulwayo kuyilapho beqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthungwa kwe-microscopic kukhuthaza ukugcinwa kokugcotshwa okungaguquki.
Ukuzinza kwemvelo kuveza enye inselele yobunjiniyela lezo ojantshi bemabula ababhekana nazo kahle. Ngokungafani nezinye izindlela zensimbi ezikhula kakhulu ngokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukwakheka kwamaminerali e-marble kunikeza inertia yemvelo eshisayo. Lesi sici sibonakala sibalulekile ezikhungweni lapho izinqubo zemishini zikhiqiza ukushisa kwendawo noma ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kwesizini kuthinta izimo ezizungezile. Ngokufanayo, ukuqina kwemvelo kwempahla kuqeda isidingo sezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokusekela, njengoba ingxenye yesitimela esisodwa ingamelana nemithwalo emikhulu ngaphandle kokuchezuka.
Ukucatshangelwa kokwenziwa kulinganisa lezi zidingo zokusebenza nezidingo ezingokoqobo zokukhiqiza. Ngenkathi impahla eluhlaza idinga okokusebenza okukhethekile kokusika, ukufana kwemvelo kwemabula kuvumela imiphumela engaguquki yomshini kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokukhiqiza. Izinqubo zokuhlanganisa ziyazuza ekuzinzeni kobukhulu bomsebenzi—uma usunembe phansi, ojantshi bemabula bagcina ubukhulu bawo obulinganiselwe kuyo yonke impilo yabo yesevisi, ngokungafani nozakwabo bensimbi abangase badinge ukulungiswa kabusha kwezikhathi ezithile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zingxenye zamatshe anjiniyela kuhlanganisa izimboni ezihlukahlukene. Ezitshalweni zokukhiqiza izimoto, ziqondisa izingalo zokushisela zerobhothi ngokunemba okuqinisekile. Izikhungo ze-Petrochemical ziyakwazisa ukumelana kwazo nokugqwala lapho zibeka okokusebenza kwesampula ezindaweni ezinokhahlo. Izitshalo eziphehla ugesi zithembele ekuzinzeni kwazo ekuhlanganiseni nasekulungiseni ama-turbine. Ngisho nasekukhiqizweni kwezindwangu, ojantshi bemabula baqinisekisa ukungezwani kwendwangu okungaguquki phakathi nezinqubo zokuluka.
Okuhlukanisa ngempela ama-rails esiqondiso semabula kwezinye izinto ukuthi ahlanganisa kanjani impambana yokusimama kokwakheka komhlaba kanye nokunemba kobunjiniyela. Ujantshi ngamunye uhambisana nezigidi zeminyaka yokwakheka kwemvelo, ocwengisiswe ngamasu esimanje okukhiqiza ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zokukhiqizwa kwekhulu lama-21. Njengoba ukubekezelelana kokukhiqiza kuqhubeka nokuncipha kanye nemithetho yezemvelo iqina kakhulu, izici eziyingqayizivele zalezi zingxenye zamatshe emvelo zizibeka njengesixazululo esimeme sokulawula ukunyakaza okunembayo okuhlanganisa izinqubo zasendulo ze-geological ngokusebenza kwezimboni ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Konjiniyela nabaphathi bezikhungo abahlola izixazululo zokulawula ukunyakaza, ojantshi beziqondiso zemabula banikeza inhlanganisela ephoqelelayo yezimfanelo zokusebenza okunzima ukuzifanisa nezinye zokwenziwa. Ikhono labo lokugcina ukunemba phakathi namashumi eminyaka esevisi, ukumelana nokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo, nokusebenza ngaphandle kwemithi yokunakekela eyinkimbinkimbi kubenza babe ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ezinembayo emhlabeni wonke. Njengoba izimboni ziqhubeka nokuphusha imingcele yalokho okungenzeka kubunjiniyela obunembayo, lezi zingxenye zamatshe emvelo ngokungangabazeki zizohlala zihamba phambili ekukhiqizeni okusha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-06-2025