I-Industrial NDT (Ukuhlolwa Okungonakalisi)
I-Industrial NDT ibhekisela kusethi yezindlela zobuchwepheshe ezisetshenziswa embonini ukuthola, ukuhlola, nokuhlaziya amaphutha angaphakathi noma angaphezulu, izakhiwo zezinto, noma ubuqotho besakhiwo sezingxenye noma izinto ngaphandle kokulimaza into evivinyiwe. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni, ezindizayo, emandleni, ezinsimbi, ekwakheni, nakwezinye izimboni ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukuvimbela izingozi, nokunciphisa izindleko.
Izindlela Ezivamile Zezimboni Ze-NDT:
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic (UT)
- Isebenzisa amaza omsindo avame kakhulu ukuthola amaphutha angaphakathi (isb., imifantu, izikhala) ngokuhlaziya izimpawu ezibonakalisiwe.
- Ifanele izinto ezijiyile kanye nezingxenye zensimbi.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Radiographic (RT)
- Kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kanye ne-gamma-ray. Kusebenzisa imisebe kagesi (ama-X-ray) ukungena ezintweni bese kwakha izithombe zezakhiwo zangaphakathi kuma-sensor efilimu noma edijithali.
- Isebenza kahle ekutholeni amaphutha afana nokuqhekeka, ukufakwa, kanye namaphutha okushisela.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezinhlayiya ZikaMagnetic (MT)
- Isebenzisa amasimu kazibuthe ukuze ifake ugesi ezintweni ze-ferromagnetic. Amaphutha angaphezulu noma aseduze kobuso abonakala ngezinhlayiya zikamazibuthe eziqongelela ezindaweni zamaphutha.
- Ivame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlola izingxenye zensimbi.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokungena (PT)
- Kuhilela ukufaka i-penetrant ewuketshezi ebusweni. Amaphutha amunca i-penetrant, bese ibonwa kusetshenziswa umthuthukisi ukuze kugqanyiswe amaphutha aphula ubuso.
- Ifanele izinto ezingenazo izimbobo njengezinsimbi kanye nepulasitiki.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwamanje kwe-Eddy (ET)
- Isebenzisa ukungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ukuthola amaphutha aphezulu noma angaphansi komhlaba ezintweni eziqhuba ugesi. Izinguquko kumaphethini wamanje we-eddy zibonisa amaphutha.
- Kusetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini zezindiza nezimoto.
I-X-Ray ku-NDT Yezimboni
Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kuyindlela ebalulekile ngaphakathi kwe-NDT yezimboni. Kusebenzisa i-X-ray (imisebe kagesi enamandla aphezulu) ukubona ngeso lengqondo isakhiwo sangaphakathi sezinto noma izingxenye.
Izimiso:
- Ama-X-ray angena entweni evivinyiwe, futhi ukuqina kwawo kwehla ngokusekelwe ekujiyeni nasekuqineni kwezinto.
- Amaphutha (isb., imifantu, imifantu, noma izinto zakwamanye amazwe) avela njengezithunzi ezicacile endaweni yokuthwebula izithombe (ifilimu noma i-digital detector) ngenxa yamazinga okumunca ahlukahlukene.
Izicelo:
- Ukuhlolwa Kokushisela
- Ukuthola ukuhlanganiswa okungaphelele, ukuvuleka, noma ukufakwa kwe-slag kuma-welds.
- Izingxenye Zezindiza
- Ukuhlola ama-turbine blades, izingxenye zenjini, kanye nezinto ezihlanganisiwe ukuze kutholakale amaphutha afihliwe.
- Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Yokukhiqiza
- Ukuqinisekisa ukwenziwa noma ukwakheka kobuqotho ngokuhlonza amaphutha angaphakathi.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwepayipi Nomshini Wokucindezela
- Ukuhlola ubuqotho besakhiwo samapayipi namathangi ngaphandle kokuwahlukanisa.
Izinzuzo:
- Ihlinzeka ngamarekhodi ahlala njalo abonakalayo (ama-radiograph) ukuze kubhalwe phansi futhi kuhlaziywe kabusha.
- Ifanele izinto ezijiyile kanye namajiyometri ayinkimbinkimbi.
- Ingabona kokubili amaphutha aphezulu nangaphakathi.
Imikhawulo:
- Kudinga izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile (isib. ukuvikelwa kwemisebe) ngenxa yezingozi zempilo ezibangelwa ukuchayeka isikhathi eside.
- Akusebenzi kahle ezintweni eziphansi (isb., ipulasitiki) ngaphandle kokuthi kusetshenziswe amasu akhethekile.
- Izindleko zemishini kanye nokusebenza eziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ze-NDT.
Umehluko Obalulekile Phakathi Kokuhlolwa kwe-NDT kanye ne-X-Ray:
| Isici | I-NDT Yezimboni | Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-Ray (isethi encane ye-NDT) |
|---|---|---|
| Ububanzi | Ihlanganisa amasu amaningi (UT, RT, MT, njll.). | Indlela ethile yokusebenzisa i-X-rays ukuze kuthathwe izithombe. |
| Izinhlobo Zamaphutha | Ithola amaphutha angaphezulu, aseduze, kanye nangaphakathi. | Ngokuyinhloko ihlose ukukhubazeka kwangaphakathi ngemisebe. |
| Ukufaneleka Kwezinto Ezibonakalayo | Kusebenza kuzo zonke izinto (i-ferromagnetic, i-non-ferromagnetic, ipulasitiki, njll.). | Isebenza kahle ezintweni ezixineneyo (izinsimbi, izinto zobumba); idinga ukulungiswa kwezinto ezixineneyo. |
Isifinyezo:
I-Industrial NDT iyinkambu ebanzi yamasu okuhlola angabhubhisi, kanti ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kuyindlela enamandla ye-xography ngaphakathi kwayo. Zombili zibalulekile ekugcineni ukuphepha kwezimboni, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka komkhiqizo, kanye nokwenza kube lula ukugcinwa kwemikhiqizo ngokushesha emikhakheni eyahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-31-2025