Iyini i-coefficient yokunwetshwa yegwadle? Izinga lokushisa lizinze kangakanani?

I-coefficient yomugqa yokwandisa yegwadle ivamise ukuba ngu-5.5-7.5x10 - ⁶/℃. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-granite, i-coefficient yayo yokwandisa ingase ihluke kancane.
I-Granite inokuzinza okuhle kwezinga lokushisa, okuboniswa kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
I-deformation encane yokushisa: ngenxa ye-coefficient yayo ephansi yokwandisa, ukuguqulwa kokushisa kwe-granite kuncane uma izinga lokushisa lishintsha. Lokhu kuvumela izingxenye zegwadle ukuthi zigcine usayizi ozinzile kanye nokuma ezindaweni ezihlukene zokushisa, okulungele ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwemishini enembayo. Isibonelo, kumathuluzi okulinganisa okunemba okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-granite njengesisekelo noma ibhentshi lokusebenza, noma ngabe izinga lokushisa le-ambient linokushintshashintsha okuthile, ukuguqulwa kwe-thermal kungalawulwa ebangeni elincane, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwemiphumela yokulinganisa.
Ukumelana nokushaqeka okuhle kokushisa: I-Granite ingakwazi ukumelana nezinga elithile lokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okusobala noma ukulimala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ine-conductivity enhle ye-thermal kanye nomthamo wokushisa, ongadlulisa ukushisa ngokushesha nangokulinganayo lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha, linciphise ukugxila kokucindezeleka okushisayo kwangaphakathi. Isibonelo, kwezinye izindawo zokukhiqiza zezimboni, lapho okokusebenza kuqala ngokuzumayo noma kuyeka ukusebenza, izinga lokushisa lizoshintsha ngokushesha, futhi izingxenye ze-granite zingazivumelanisa kangcono nalokhu kushaqeka okushisayo futhi zigcine ukuzinza kokusebenza kwazo.
Ukuzinza okuhle kwesikhathi eside: Ngemva kwesikhathi eside sokuguga kwemvelo kanye nesenzo se-geological, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwe-granite kukhululiwe ngokuyisisekelo, futhi isakhiwo sizinzile. Enkambweni yokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside, ngisho nangemva kokushintsha komjikelezo wokushisa okuningi, isakhiwo saso sangaphakathi akulula ukushintsha, singaqhubeka nokugcina ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa, ukuhlinzeka ngokusekela okuthembekile kwemishini yokunemba okuphezulu.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ezivamile, ukuzinza okushisayo kwe-granite kusezingeni eliphezulu, okulandelayo ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-granite nezinto zensimbi, izinto ze-ceramic, izinto ezihlanganisiwe ngokuzinza kokushisa:
   Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zensimbi:

I-coefficient yokwanda okushisayo kwezinto ezijwayelekile zensimbi likhulu ngokuqhathaniswa. Isibonelo, i-coefficient yomugqa yokwandisa ye-carbon steel evamile icishe ibe ngu-10-12x10 - ⁶/℃, futhi i-linear expansion coefficient ye-aluminium alloy icishe ibe ngu-20-25x10 - ⁶/℃, ephakeme kakhulu kunegranite. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha, ubukhulu bezinto zensimbi buyashintsha kakhulu, futhi kulula ukukhiqiza ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwangaphakathi ngenxa yokwanda kokushisa nokunciphisa okubandayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba nokuzinza kwayo. Usayizi wegwadle ushintsha kancane lapho izinga lokushisa lishintshashintsha, okungagcina kangcono isimo sangempela nokunemba. I-conductivity yokushisa yezinto zensimbi ngokuvamile iphakeme, futhi inqubo yokushisa ngokushesha noma ukupholisa, ukushisa kuzokwenziwa ngokushesha, okuholela ekuhlukeni okukhulu kokushisa phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphezulu kwendawo, okuholela ekucindezelekeni okushisayo. Ngokuphambene, i-thermal conductivity ye-granite iphansi, futhi ukushisa kokushisa kuhamba kancane, okunganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kokucindezeleka okushisayo ngezinga elithile futhi kubonise ukuzinza okungcono kokushisa.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ze-ceramic:

I-thermal expansion coefficient yezinye izinto ze-ceramic ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ingaba phansi kakhulu, njenge-silicon nitride ceramics, i-coefficient yayo yomugqa yokunweba icishe ibe ngu-2.5-3.5x10 - ⁶/℃, ephansi kune-granite, futhi inezinzuzo ezithile ekuzinzeni kokushisa. Kodwa-ke, izinto ze-ceramic ngokuvamile ziba brittle, ukumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo akubi kangako, futhi imifantu noma imifantu kulula ukwenzeka lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha kakhulu. Nakuba i-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa okushisayo kwe-granite iphakeme kancane kunezinye izitsha zobumba ezikhethekile, inokuqina okuhle kanye nokumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo, ingakwazi ukumelana nezinga elithile lokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo, ezindaweni eziningi zokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungezona okwedlulele, ukuzinza kwe-granite okushisayo kungahlangabezana nezidingo, futhi ukusebenza kwayo okuphelele kunokulinganisela, izindleko ziphansi kakhulu.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezihlanganisiwe:

Ezinye izinto ezithuthukisiwe eziyinhlanganisela zingafinyelela i-coefficient ephansi yokwanda okushisayo kanye nokuzinza okuhle kokushisa ngokuklama okunengqondo kwenhlanganisela yefayibha ne-matrix. Isibonelo, i-coefficient yokwanda okushisayo kwezinhlanganisela ze-carbon fiber reinforced ingalungiswa ngokuya ngesiqondiso nokuqukethwe kwe-fiber, futhi ingafinyelela amanani aphansi kakhulu kwezinye izinkomba. Nokho, inqubo yokulungiselela izinto eziyinhlanganisela iyinkimbinkimbi futhi izindleko ziphezulu. Njengempahla yemvelo, i-granite ayidingi inqubo yokulungiselela eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi izindleko ziphansi kakhulu. Nakuba kungase kungabi kuhle njengezinye izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezisezingeni eliphezulu kwezinye izinkomba zokuzinza kokushisa, kunezinzuzo ngokusebenza kwezindleko, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni eziningi ezijwayelekile ezinezidingo ezithile zokuzinza kokushisa. Yiziphi izimboni lapho izingxenye ze-granite zisetshenziswa, ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa kuwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile? Nikeza idatha ethile yokuhlola noma izimo zokuzinza kwe-thermal ye-granite. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuzinza kwe-thermal granite?