Ukumelana nokuvundisa kwezingxenye ze-ceramic ezinembile kanye nendawo yazo yokusebenza
Izingxenye ze-ceramic ezinembile ziyizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezisebenza kahle embonini yanamuhla, futhi izakhiwo zazo eziyingqayizivele zomzimba nezamakhemikhali zilethe izinguquko ezinkulu emikhakheni eminingi. Phakathi kwazo, ukumelana ne-oxidation kungenye yezici ezivelele kakhulu zezingxenye ze-ceramic ezinembile, okubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezibucayi.
Ukumelana nokuxinana kwezingxenye ze-ceramic ezinembile
Izinto zobumba eziqondile, njenge-alumina, i-silicon nitride, i-silicon carbide, njll., zaziwa ngezakhiwo zazo ezinhle kakhulu ze-antioxidant. Lezi zinto zingagcina izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu kanye nendawo ephezulu ye-oxidation, futhi akulula ukusabela nge-oxygen, ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe i-oxidation, ukugqwala kanye nokonakala kokusebenza kwezinto. Lokhu kumelana okuhle kwe-oxidation kungenxa yesakhiwo sekristalu esizinzile kanye namandla ezibopho zamakhemikhali ngaphakathi kwezinto zobumba, okwenza ikwazi ukugcina ukuzinza nokuthembeka kwesikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinzima.
Indawo yokusebenza ebalulekile
1. Izindiza
Emkhakheni wezindiza, ukumelana nokushiswa kwezingxenye ze-ceramic ezinembile kubaluleke kakhulu. Izinjini zezindiza kanye nezindiza kudingeka zikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu kanye namagesi ashiswayo ngesikhathi sokundiza ngesivinini esikhulu. Izingxenye ezifana namakamelo okushisa, ama-nozzle kanye nama-turbine enziwe ngezinto ze-ceramic ezinembile zingagcina ukusebenza okuzinzile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, zivimbele ngempumelelo ukushiswa kwe-oxide kanye nokugqwala, futhi ziqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini kanye nezindiza-mkhathi.
2. Umkhakha wamandla
Emkhakheni wamandla, ukumelana nokushiswa kwezingxenye ze-ceramic ezinembile nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile. Isibonelo, emishinini eshisa kakhulu njenge-gas turbines kanye nama-boiler asebenzisa amalahle, izingxenye ezifana nezendlalelo zokushisa kanye nezihlungi ezenziwe ngezinto ze-ceramic zingamelana nokuguguleka kwentuthu eshisa kakhulu, zivikele isakhiwo sangaphakathi semishini futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emkhakheni wamandla enuzi, izinto ze-ceramic ezinembile nazo zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekushiseni ukushisa kanye nasengqimbeni yokuvikela ye-reactors yenuzi ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwamandla enuzi.
3. Imboni yamakhemikhali
Embonini yamakhemikhali, ukusabela okuningi kwamakhemikhali kanye nezinqubo kudingeka kwenziwe ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu, ezicindezelayo kakhulu kanye nasezindaweni ezigqwalisayo ezinamandla. Izingxenye ze-ceramic ezinembile, ezinokumelana kwazo okuhle kakhulu kwe-oxidation kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, ziyizinto ezibalulekile kulezi zindawo. Isibonelo, emishinini yamakhemikhali enogqwala olunzima lwe-asidi kanye ne-alkali, izingxenye ezifana namapayipi, amavalvu kanye namaphampu enziwe ngezinto ze-ceramic zingavimbela ngempumelelo ukugqwala nokuvuza, ziqinisekise ukuphepha nokuzinza kokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali.
isiphetho
Ngamafuphi, ukumelana nokushiswa kwezingxenye ze-ceramic ezinembile kungenye yezakhiwo zayo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu, edlala indima ebalulekile embonini yezindiza, amandla kanye namakhemikhali. Ngokuqhubeka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwezicelo, izakhiwo ze-antioxidant zezingxenye ze-ceramic ezinembile zizoqhubeka nokukhathazeka futhi zithuthukiswe, zilethe ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nentuthuko emasimini amaningi. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuqhubeka kwentuthuko yesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela, sinesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi izingxenye ze-ceramic ezinembile zizobonisa ubuhle bazo obuyingqayizivele kanye nenani emasimini amaningi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-07-2024