Emalabhorethri aphezulu emhlabeni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukutholakala kwezinto ezincane, ukulinganiswa kwezingxenye ezibonakalayo ezinembile, noma ukulinganiswa kwesakhiwo esincane sama-semiconductor chips, kunezidingo eziqinile zokunemba nokuzinza kwezinkomba zokulinganisa. I-granite straightedge, ngokusebenza kwayo okuvelele, isibe ukukhetha kokuqala kwamalabhorethri amaningi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo zokubhekisela zensimbi ezisetshenziswayo, ukuzinza kwayo okunembile kungathuthukiswa kufike ku-300%, okusekelwe ebufakazini obujulile besayensi kanye nokuqinisekiswa okusebenzayo.
1. Izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo zinquma isisekelo sokunemba
Insimbi ephothiwe, njengezinto ezisetshenziswayo zobuso bendabuko, yize inokuqina okuthile, inamaphutha angokwemvelo. I-coefficient yayo yokwanda kokushisa cishe ingu-12×10⁻⁶/℃. Ngaphansi kwendawo evamile yokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa elabhorethri (njengomehluko wokushisa ongu-5℃ obangelwa ukuqala nokumiswa kwama-air conditioner), ubuso bensimbi ephothiwe obuyimitha eli-1 ubude bungase bushintshe ubukhulu obungu-60μm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezakhiwo ze-graphite eziqhekekile ngaphakathi kwensimbi ephothiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kuthambekele ekugxilweni kokucindezeleka, okuholela ekunciphiseni kancane kancane kokuthamba kwendiza ephothiwe. Lolu hlobo lokuguquguquka kokushisa kanye noshintsho lwesakhiwo luzobangela ukuphambuka okuhlelekile kudatha yokulinganisa, okuthinta kakhulu ukunemba kwemiphumela yokuhlola.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa kwe-granite straightedge iwukuphela (4-8) ×10⁻⁶/℃, okungaphansi kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zaleyo yensimbi ephonswe. Ngaphansi komehluko ofanayo wokushisa ongu-5℃, ushintsho losayizi we-granite straightedge enobude obuyimitha eli-1 luyi-20-40 μm kuphela. I-Granite yakhiwa yi-crystallization yamaminerali afana ne-quartz ne-feldspar. Inesakhiwo esiminyene nesifanayo futhi ayinankinga yokuxineka kwangaphakathi. Ngemuva kwezigidigidi zeminyaka yezinqubo ze-geological, i-granite igugile ngokwemvelo futhi ngeke iguquke njengensimbi ephonswe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside kwendiza yokubhekisela kusukela engqikithini yezinto ezibonakalayo.
Okwesibili, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula bufinyelela ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu
Ngesikhathi sokucubungula izindawo zokubhekisela zensimbi ephonswe ngensimbi, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo, ukunemba kokuba yisicaba ngokuvamile kungafinyelela kuphela ku-± 5-10 μm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuso bensimbi ephonswe ngensimbi buvame ukubola futhi bugqwale, okudinga ukulungiswa njalo nokugaya. Ukugaya ngakunye kuzothinta ukunemba kokuqala kwendawo yokubhekisela.
I-granite straightedge isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokugaya obunembile kakhulu futhi ihlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokucubungula ukulawula izinombolo. Ubucaba bungalawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-± 1-3 μm, kanti eminye imikhiqizo ephezulu ingafinyelela ngisho no-± 0.5μm. Ubulukhuni bayo bomphezulu bufinyelela ku-6 kuya ku-7 esikalini se-Mohs, futhi ukumelana kwayo nokuguguleka kuphindwe kathathu kuya kahlanu kunokwensimbi ephonswe ngensimbi. Ayiklwebheki kalula noma iguge. Ngisho nangemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ukunemba komphezulu we-granite straightedge kungahlala kuzinzile, kususe isidingo sokulinganiswa nokugcinwa njalo, kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokusetshenziswa kanye nesikhathi selabhorethri.
Iii. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwemvelo kuqinisekisa ukulinganiswa okuzinzile
Indawo yelabhorethri iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iyashintshashintsha. Izinto ezifana nomswakama, ukudlidliza kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic konke kungathinta ukunemba kokulinganisa. Indawo yokubhekisela yensimbi ephonswe ithambekele ekugqwaleni endaweni enomswakama, okuholela ekwandeni kokuqina kobuso futhi kuthinte ukunemba kokuxhumana kweprobe yokulinganisa. Okwamanje, amandla kazibuthe ensimbi ephonswe angaphazamisa ukusebenza kwemishini yokulinganisa ngokunemba kwe-elekthronikhi.
I-granite straightedge iyinto engeyona eyensimbi, ayisebenzisi magnetic futhi ayisebenzisi ugesi, futhi ngeke iphazamise amadivayisi kagesi. Izinga layo lokumunca amanzi lingaphansi kuka-0.1%, futhi isengagcina ukusebenza okuzinzile endaweni enomswakama ophezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo ezihlukile zokudambisa ze-granite zingamunca ngempumelelo ukudlidliza kwemvelo futhi zinciphise ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle. Isibonelo, elabhorethri eseduze nezinsimbi ezinkulu nemishini, i-granite straightedge inganciphisa amandla okudlidliza angaphezu kuka-90% ngomzuzwana owodwa, kuyilapho indawo yokubhekisela yensimbi ephonswe idinga imizuzwana emi-3 kuya kwemi-5. Lokhu kwenza i-granite straightedge inikeze ireferensi eqinile yokulinganisa ngisho nasezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Okwesine. Idatha yangempela iqinisekisa izinzuzo zokusebenza
Ilabhorethri eyaziwayo yamazwe ngamazwe ye-semiconductor yake yenza ukuhlolwa kokuqhathanisa kwesikhathi eside ezindaweni zokubhekisela zensimbi ecijile kanye ne-granite: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokulinganisa okwathatha izinsuku ezingama-30 futhi kwathatha amahora angu-8 ngosuku, iphutha lokulinganisa elihlanganisiwe lemishini esebenzisa indawo yokubhekisela yensimbi ecijile lafinyelela ku-±45μm. Imishini esebenzisa i-granite straightedge inephutha elihlanganisiwe elingu-±15μm kuphela, futhi ukuthuthuka ekuzinzeni kokunemba kuphakeme njengo-300%. Imiphumela efanayo yokuhlola iqinisekiswe ngokuphindaphindiwe ezindaweni zokubhekisela eziphezulu emikhakheni eminingi efana nesayensi yezinto zokwakha kanye nobunjiniyela bokukhanya, okubonisa ngokwengeziwe ukungathathelwa indawo kwe-granite straightedge ekulinganisweni okunembile okuphezulu.
Ekuphetheni, i-granite straightedge idlule ngokuphelele indawo yokubhekisela yensimbi ephonswe ngenzuzo yayo ephindwe kathathu yezakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo kwemvelo. Ukuthuthuka kwayo okungu-300% ekuzinzeni kokunemba akugcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngesilinganiso sokulinganisa esithembekile sama-laboratories kodwa futhi kubeka isisekelo esiqinile sokuthuthukiswa kocwaningo lwesayensi olusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ngokunemba. Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kungani ama-laboratories aphezulu emhlabeni wonke enawo wonke ama-granite straightedge akhethiwe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-19-2025