Kumalabhorethri aphezulu emhlabeni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukutholwa kwezinto ze-nanoscale, ukulinganiswa kwezingxenye ze-optical ezinembayo, noma ukulinganiswa kwe-microstructure yama-semiconductor chips, kunezidingo ezicishe ziqine zokunemba nokuzinza kwereferensi yokulinganisa. I-Granite straightedge, ngokusebenza kwayo okuvelele, isibe yisinqumo sokuqala kumalabhorethri amaningi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nendawo yereferensi yensimbi evamile, ukuzinza kwayo okunembayo kungathuthukiswa kufika ku-300%, okusekelwe ebufakazini obujulile besayensi nokuqinisekiswa okungokoqobo. .
1. Izinto ezibonakalayo zinquma isisekelo sokunemba
I-Cast iron, njengento engaphezulu yereferensi yendabuko, nakuba inokuqina okuthile, inokukhubazeka okungokwemvelo. I-coefficient yayo yokunwetshwa kwe-thermal cishe i-12×10⁻⁶/℃. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile zokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa elabhorethri (njengomehluko wezinga lokushisa ongu-5℃ obangelwa ukuqala nokumiswa kwama-air conditioner), indawo eyireferensi yensimbi engu-1 imitha ubude ingase ibe noshintsho lwe-dimensional engu-60μm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezakhiwo ze-flake ze-graphite ngaphakathi kwe-cast iron. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kuthambekele ekugxiliseni ingcindezi, okuholela ekwehleni kancane kancane kokucaba kwendiza eyinkomba. Lolu hlobo lokuguquka kokushisa noshintsho lwesakhiwo luzodala ukuchezuka okuhlelekile kudatha yokulinganisa, kuthinte kabi ukunemba kwemiphumela yokuhlola. .
Ngokuphambene, i-coefficient yokunwetshwa okushisayo kwe-granite straightedge kuphela (4-8) ×10⁻⁶/℃, engaphansi kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yaleyo yensimbi ekhonjiwe. Ngaphansi komehluko ofanayo wokushisa ongu-5℃, ukushintshwa kosayizi we-granite eqondile eyimitha elingu-1 ubude kungu-20-40 μm kuphela. I-Granite yakhiwa yi-crystallization yamaminerali afana ne-quartz ne-feldspar. Inesakhiwo esiminyene nesifanayo futhi ayikho inkinga yokugxilisa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi. Ngemuva kwezigidigidi zeminyaka yezinqubo zokuma komhlaba, igwadle seligugile ngokwemvelo futhi ngeke liguge njengensimbi ecijile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside kwendiza eyinkomba kusukela kungqikithi yezinto. .
Okwesibili, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula bufinyelela ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu
Ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwezindawo zereferensi ye-cast iron, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukunemba kwe-flatness ngokuvamile kungafinyelela kuphela ku-± 5-10 μm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingaphezulu le-cast iron lithambekele ekubeni ne-oxidation kanye nokugqwala, okudinga ukugcinwa nokugaya njalo. Ukugaya ngakunye kuzothinta ukunemba kwasekuqaleni kwendawo yesithenjwa. .
I-Granite straightedge isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokugaya obunembayo futhi ihlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula izinombolo obuthuthukisiwe. I-flatness ingalawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-± 1-3 μm, futhi eminye imikhiqizo ephezulu ingafinyelela ku-±0.5μm. Ukuqina kwayo kobuso kufinyelela ku-6 kuya ku-7 esikalini se-Mohs, futhi ukumelana kwayo nokugqoka kuyizikhathi ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 kunensimbi ekhonjiwe. Ayinwabuki kalula noma ayigugi. Ngisho nangemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ukunemba okungaphezulu kwe-granite straightedge kungahlala kuzinzile, kuqede isidingo sokulinganisa nokugcinwa njalo, kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokusebenzisa ilabhorethri kanye nezindleko zesikhathi. .
Iii. Ukuvumelana nezimo zemvelo kuqinisekisa ukulinganisa okuzinzile
Indawo yaselabhorethri iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iyashintsha. Izinto ezinjengomswakama, ukudlidliza kanye nokuphazamiseka kazibuthe kagesi konke kungathinta ukunemba kokulinganisa. Indawo yereferensi ye-cast iron ijwayele ukugqwala endaweni enomswakama, okuholela ekwenyukeni kokuqina okungaphezulu futhi kuthinte ukunemba kokuthintana kwe-probe yokulinganisa. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-magnetism yensimbi ekhonjiwe ingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwemishini yokulinganisa enembile kagesi. .
I-Granite straightedge yinto engeyona eyensimbi, engeyona i-magnetic ne-non-conductive, futhi ngeke iphazamise izinto zikagesi. Izinga layo lokumunca amanzi lingaphansi kuka-0.1%, futhi isengakwazi ukugcina ukusebenza okuzinzile endaweni enomswakama ophezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici eziyingqayizivele zokudambisa zegwadle zingamunca ngempumelelo ukundindizela kwemvelo futhi zinciphise ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle. Isibonelo, elabhorethri eseduze nezisetshenziswa ezinkulu nezisetshenziswa, i-granite straightedge inganciphisa ngaphezu kuka-90% wamandla okudlidliza ngomzuzwana owodwa, kuyilapho indawo yereferensi yensimbi ekhonjiwe idinga amasekhondi angu-3 kuya kwangu-5. Lokhu kwenza i-granite straightedge inikeze ireferensi ezinzile yokulinganisa ngisho nasezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi. .
Ezine. Idatha yangempela iqinisekisa izinzuzo zokusebenza
Ilabhorethri eyaziwa kakhulu ye-semiconductor yamazwe ngamazwe yake yenza uhlolo lokuqhathanisa lwesikhathi eside endaweni eyireferensi ye-cast iron kanye ne-granite: Phakathi nokuhlolwa kokulinganisa okwathatha izinsuku ezingu-30 futhi kwathatha amahora angu-8 usuku ngalunye, iphutha lesilinganiso esihlanganisiwe lesisetshenziswa kusetshenziswa indawo yereferensi ye-cast iron yafinyelela ku-±45μm. Izinto zokusebenza ezisebenzisa i-granite straightedge zinephutha elikhulayo elingu-±15μm kuphela, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kokuzinza okunembayo kuphezulu njengokungu-300%. Imiphumela yokuhlola efanayo iye yaqinisekiswa kaningi ezindaweni zokucwaninga eziphezulu emikhakheni eminingi efana nesayensi yezinto zokwakha nobunjiniyela be-optical, okubonisa futhi ukungabuyiseleki kwe-granite straightedge esilinganisweni sokunemba okuphezulu. .
Sengiphetha, i-granite straightedge idlule ngokuphelele indawo eyireferensi yensimbi eyinsimbi ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo eziphindwe kathathu zezinto ezibonakalayo, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula kanye nokuvumelana nezimo zemvelo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwayo okungama-300% ekuzinzeni okunembayo akuhlinzeki nje kuphela ngokulinganisa okuthembekile kwamalabhorethri kodwa futhi kwenza isisekelo esiqinile sokuthuthukiswa kocwaningo lwesayensi olusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obunembayo. Lesi isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kungani amalabhorethri aphezulu emhlabeni wonke ekhethe ama-granite straightedges.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-19-2025