Ekukhiqizeni ngokunemba, lapho yonke i-micron ibalulekile, ukuphelela akuyona nje umgomo - kuyinqubo eqhubekayo. Ukusebenza kwemishini ephezulu njengemishini yokulinganisa edidiyelwe (ama-CMM), izinsimbi zokubona, kanye nezinhlelo ze-semiconductor lithography kuncike kakhulu esisekelweni esisodwa esithule kodwa esibucayi: ipulatifomu ye-granite. Ukuthamba kwayo kobuso kuchaza imikhawulo yokulinganisa yesistimu yonke. Ngenkathi imishini ye-CNC ethuthukisiwe ibusa imigqa yokukhiqiza yesimanje, isinyathelo sokugcina sokufinyelela ukunemba kwe-sub-micron kumapulatifomu e-granite sisathembele ezandleni ezicophelelayo zezingcweti ezinolwazi.
Lokhu akuyona into eyisidala yesikhathi esidlule — kuwukubambisana okuphawulekayo phakathi kwesayensi, ubunjiniyela, kanye nobuciko. Ukugaya ngesandla kumelela isigaba sokugcina nesibucayi kakhulu sokukhiqiza ngokunemba, lapho kungekho okuzenzakalelayo okungangena esikhundleni somuzwa womuntu wokulinganisela, ukuthinta, kanye nokwahlulela okubonakalayo okucwengisiswe eminyakeni eminingi yokusebenza.
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokugaya ngesandla okuhlala kungenakushintshwa sisekhonweni layo eliyingqayizivele lokufeza ukulungiswa okuguquguqukayo kanye nokuba yisicaba ngokuphelele. Ukugaya nge-CNC, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuthuthuke kangakanani, kusebenza ngaphakathi kwemingcele yokunemba okungaguquki yezindlela zayo zokuqondisa kanye nezinhlelo zemishini. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukugaya ngesandla kulandela inqubo yokuphendula ngesikhathi sangempela - iluphu eqhubekayo yokulinganisa, ukuhlaziya, nokulungisa. Ochwepheshe abanekhono basebenzisa amathuluzi afana namazinga e-elekthronikhi, ama-autocollimator, kanye nama-interferometer e-laser ukuthola ukuphambuka kwemizuzu, ukulungisa ingcindezi kanye namaphethini okunyakaza ekuphenduleni. Le nqubo ephindaphindayo ibavumela ukuthi basuse iziqongo ezincane nezigodi ebusweni, bafinyelele ukuba yisicaba komhlaba wonke imishini yanamuhla engenakukwazi ukukopisha.
Ngaphandle kokunemba, ukugaya ngesandla kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqiniseni ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi. I-granite, njengezinto zemvelo, igcina amandla angaphakathi kokubili ukwakheka kwe-geological kanye nokusebenza komshini. Ukusika okunamandla kwemishini kungaphazamisa lokhu kulinganisela okubucayi, okuholela ekuguqukeni kwesikhathi eside. Nokho, ukugaya ngesandla kwenziwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephansi kanye nokukhiqizwa kokushisa okuncane. Ingqimba ngayinye isetshenziswa ngokucophelela, bese iphumula futhi ilinganiswe izinsuku noma ngisho namasonto. Lesi sigqi esisheshayo nesihlosiwe sivumela izinto ukuthi zikhulule ukucindezeleka ngokwemvelo, ziqinisekise ukuzinza kwesakhiwo okuhlala iminyaka eminingi yenkonzo.
Omunye umphumela obalulekile wokugaya ngesandla ukudalwa kwendawo e-isotropic — ukuthungwa okufanayo okungenalo ukukhetha okuqondile. Ngokungafani nokugaya ngomshini, okuvame ukushiya amamaki okuklwebheka aqondile, amasu asebenzisa ngesandla asebenzisa ukunyakaza okulawulwayo, okunezindlela eziningi njengokushaya okungu-figure-eight kanye nokugoba okujikelezayo. Umphumela uba indawo enokuphikiswana okuqhubekayo kanye nokuphindaphindeka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, okubalulekile ekulinganisweni okunembile kanye nokunyakaza kwezingxenye okubushelelezi ngesikhathi sokusebenza okunembile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungalingani okungokwemvelo kokwakheka kwe-granite kudinga umuzwa womuntu. I-granite iqukethe amaminerali afana ne-quartz, i-feldspar, ne-mica, ngalinye lihluka ngobunzima. Umshini uyawagaya ngokungakhethi, ngokuvamile okubangela ukuthi amaminerali athambile aguge ngokushesha kuyilapho lawo aqinile ephuma, okwenza kube nokungalingani okuncane. Izingcweti ezinekhono zingazizwa lezi zinhlobo ezicashile ngethuluzi lokugaya, zilungise ngokwemvelo amandla azo kanye nobuchwepheshe ukuze zikhiqize isiphetho esifanayo, esiqinile, nesimelana nokuguguleka.
Empeleni, ubuciko bokugaya ngesandla abuyona isinyathelo sokubuyela emuva kodwa buwukubonakaliswa kobungcweti bomuntu phezu kwezinto ezinembile. Buhlanganisa igebe phakathi kokungapheleli kwemvelo nokuphelela okuklanywe ngobunjiniyela. Imishini ye-CNC ingenza ukusika okunzima ngesivinini nangokungaguquguquki, kodwa ngumuntu onekhono lokwenza izinto okugcina - ukuguqula itshe eliluhlaza libe ithuluzi elinembile elikwazi ukucacisa imingcele ye-metrology yanamuhla.
Ukukhetha ipulatifomu yegranite eyenziwe ngokuqedela ngesandla akuyona nje indaba yesiko; kuwukutshala imali ekuqondeni okuhlala isikhathi eside, ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside, kanye nokuthembeka okumelana nesikhathi. Ngemuva kwayo yonke indawo yegranite eyisicaba ngokuphelele kukhona ubuchwepheshe kanye nesineke sabadwebi ababumba itshe libe sezingeni lama-micron - okufakazela ukuthi ngisho nasenkathini yokuzenzakalela, isandla somuntu sihlala siyithuluzi elinembile kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-07-2025