Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nobunjiniyela obunembayo, impilo yesevisi yezingxenye zemishini ihlobene ngokuqondile nokuzinza kokukhiqiza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza. Izingxenye zegwadle ze-ZHHIMG, ezinobukhulu obuphezulu kakhulu obungu-3.1g/cm³ kanye nemodulus enwebekayo evelele engu-50GPa, zephule umkhawulo wezinto ezivamile, zazuza impilo yesevisi yeminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 futhi zaba "ibhentshimakhi yokuphila isikhathi eside" ezinhlelweni zezimboni. Izimiso zesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo ngemuva kwayo zembula ukuxhumana okujulile phakathi kokusebenza nokuqina. .
1. 3.1g/cm³ ukuminyana: Isakhiwo esiminyene sakha isisekelo esiqinile
Ukuminyana okuphezulu kwezingxenye zegwadle ze-ZHHIMG kubangelwa ukwakheka kwazo okuyingqayizivele kwamaminerali kanye nenqubo yokwakheka komhlaba. I-Granite yakhiwa ikakhulukazi amakristalu amaminerali afana ne-quartz, i-feldspar ne-mica ehlanganiswe eduze. Ngaphansi kwesimo sokwakheka komhlaba sokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomfutho ophezulu, lawa mamineral acwebezele futhi ahlangana amakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka, akha isakhiwo esiminyene esicishe singabi nazimbotshana (porosity <0.1%). Lokhu kubumbana kunikeza izingxenye izinzuzo ezintathu ezibalulekile:
Ukumelana nokugqokwa okuvelele: Ukuminyana okuphezulu kusho ukuthi ama-athomu asendaweni ebonakalayo ahleleke eduze, okwenza kungabi lula ukuguga nokuklwebheka ngesikhathi sokungqubuzana isikhathi eside noma ukuthintana kwemishini. Isibonelo, ekusetshenzisweni kwezinsimbi zomhlahlandlela wamathuluzi womshini wokunemba, izingxenye zegwadle ze-ZHHIMG zingamelana nokunyakaza okuphindaphindayo okungaphezu kwesigidi, ngokulahleka kokunemba kwendawo okungaphansi kuka-0.01μm, okudlula kude lokho kwezinto ezivamile ezifana nensimbi ewukhonkolo. .
Ukumelana nokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe: Isakhiwo esiminyene sihlukanisa ngempumelelo ukuhlasela kwamakhemikhali angaphandle. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-acid ne-alkali reagents, amabala kawoyela wezimboni noma umoya oswakeme, ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali ezingxenyeni ze-granite ze-ZHHIMG akuthinteki. Ibanga layo lokubekezelela i-pH liyi-1-14, futhi lingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezimbi kakhulu ngaphandle kokugqwala. .
Ukuzinza kwe-dimensional okuthuthukisiwe: Izinto zokuminyana okuphezulu zine-conductivity ephansi ye-thermal, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi ukushisa kuhlakazeke ngokushesha ngaphakathi kwengxenye, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukugxila kokucindezeleka okushisayo okubangelwa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Ihlanganiswe ne-thermal expansion coefficient ephansi njengo-(4-8) ×10⁻⁶/℃, izinguquko zobukhulu bezingxenye zegwadle ze-ZHHIMG zihlala zilawulwa kuleveli ye-micrometer ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elingu -40 ℃ ukuya ku-120℃, okuqinisekisa ukunemba kokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside. .
Ii. I-50GPa Elastic Modulus: Isimangaliso Semishini Sokuhlanganisa Ukuqina Nokuguquguquka
I-elastic modulus ikhombisa ikhono lempahla lokumelana nokuwohloka kwe-elastic. I-50GPa elastic modulus yezingxenye zegwala ze-ZHHIMG izenza zikwazi ukukhombisa isici "sokuhlanganisa ukuqina nokuguquguquka" lapho zingaphansi kwemithwalo:
Ukuqina okuphezulu ukumelana nokuguquguquka: Lapho ubhekene nengcindezi yesikhathi eside esindayo noma ukudlidliza okuphezulu okuvela kumishini esindayo, i-elastic modulus ye-50GPa iqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ingena kuphela ekuwohlokeni okuncane okunwebekayo. Isibonelo, ekusetshenzisweni kwezinkundla zokuhlola injini ye-aero, izingxenye zegwadle ze-ZHHIMG zingasekela okokusebenza kokuhlola okunesisindo esingaphezu kwamathani angu-2, futhi ukuhluka kokucaba kulawulwa phakathi kuka-±0.1μm/m, okuqinisekisa ukunemba kokulinganisa amashumi eminyaka. .
Ukucindezelwa kwe-buffering ukuvimbela ukuphuka: I-modulus enwebekayo ephezulu ayisho ngempela ukuthi impahla iyaphuka noma iqinile. Isakhiwo sekristalu yamaminerali ngaphakathi kwegranite siyinikeza amandla okusabalalisa ukucindezeleka okuyingqayizivele. Uma ingaphansi kwemithwalo enomthelela, izingxenye zingagcina amandla ngokugudluzwa kancane phakathi kwamakristalu amancane, kugwenywe ukusakazeka kokuqhekeka okubangelwa ukugxila kwengcindezi. Isilinganiso sangempela sebhizinisi elikhiqiza i-semiconductor sibonisa ukuthi iplathifomu ephethe igwadle ye-ZHHIMG ayizange ibe nomonakalo wesakhiwo ngemva kokubhekana namashumi ezinkulungwane zokushaqeka kwemishini. .
Iii. Izindlela Zokucubungula Zesayensi: Khipha Amandla Okugcina Wezinto
Ngokungeziwe ezinhlelweni zemvelo zezinto ezibonakalayo, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula ukunemba kwe-Ultra-precision be-ZHHIMG buphinde buveze amandla okusebenza egwadle. Ngokusebenzisa amasu afana nokupholisha kwe-magnetorheological kanye nokugaya i-ion beam, ubulukhuni bezingxenye zezingxenye bungancishiswa bube ngu-Ra≤0.02μm, futhi ukucaba kungafinyelela ku-±0.1μm/m. Lokhu kucubungula okunemba okuphezulu akunciphisi kuphela ukonakala kwendawo kodwa futhi kugwema ukuncishiswa kwesikhathi sempilo okubangelwa ama-micro-crack, okuvumela ukusebenza kokubalulekile ukuthi kwenziwe ngokuzinza esikhathini eside. .
Kusukela kusisekelo sokuminyana esingu-3.1g/cm³ kuya ekusekelweni kwemodulus ye-50GPa, izingxenye zegwadle ze-ZHHIMG zithatha isayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo njengomongo futhi zihlanganise ngokujulile izakhiwo zemvelo nobuchwepheshe obuphambili. Ngokuphila kwesevisi okungaphezu kweminyaka engama-30, akunciphisi ngokuphawulekayo kuphela izindleko zokushintshwa kwemishini emabhizinisini, kodwa futhi kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza okunembayo ekufezeni impumelelo yesikhathi eside nokwethembeka okuphezulu, kube imodeli "yokutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi esisodwa, izinzuzo zesikhathi eside" emkhakheni wezimboni. .
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-24-2025