Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza ama-semiconductor, ukuhlanzeka kwendawo ehlanzekile yegumbi kuthinta ngokuqondile izinga lokukhiqiza lokukhiqizwa kwe-wafer kanye nokusebenza kwama-chips. Izitshalo zomhlaba ezi-TOP 5 zokwenziwa kwe-wafer zonke sezisuse izinto zensimbi ezisansimbi zendabuko futhi zashintshela kumapulatifomu egwadle. Ngemuva kwalolu shintsho kukhona ukuphishekela kokugcina kwemvelo engangcoliswanga ngokuphelele ezindlini ezihlanzekile. Amapulatifomu e-granite, anezici zawo siqu, abonise izinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa emakamelweni ahlanzekile futhi abe intandokazi entsha yezitshalo zokwenziwa kwe-wafer.
"Isici esibulalayo" sezinto zensimbi ezisansimbi emakamelweni ahlanzekile
I-Cast iron, njengempahla yendabuko yezimboni, yake yaba nezinzuzo ezithile ezicini zemishini, kodwa inezinkinga eziningi endaweni ehlanzekile ye-semiconductor. Okokuqala, i-microstructure engaphezulu ye-cast iron ayiminyene, inenani elikhulu lezimbotshana nemifantu emincane engabonakali ngeso lenyama. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwansuku zonke kwezindlu ezihlanzekile, lezi zimbotshana zithambekele kakhulu ekukhangiseni uthuli, amabala kawoyela kanye nokungcola kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, okuba izindawo zokucasha zemithombo yokungcola. Uma ukungcola sekunqwabelana, ngesikhathi sokusebenza okunembayo kokukhiqizwa kwama-wafer, angase awe futhi anamathele ngaphezu kwe-wafer, okubangele izinkinga ezinkulu zekhwalithi njengamasekhethi amafushane namasekhethi avulekile ku-chip.
Okwesibili, insimbi yokusansimbi ayinakho ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza ama-wafer, kusetshenziswa ama-reagents amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene abolayo njenge-hydrofluoric acid ne-sulfuric acid. I-Cast iron ijwayele ukungena kwi-oxidation kanye nokugqwala ngaphansi kokuguguleka kwalezi zinto zamakhemikhali. Ukugqwala nama-ion ensimbi akhiqizwa ukugqwala akungcolisi nje kuphela indawo ezungezile yegumbi elihlanzekile kodwa kungase futhi kubhekane nokusabela kwamakhemikhali nezinto ezisendaweni eyilucwecwana, kulimaze izakhiwo ezingokoqobo namakhemikhali zamawafa futhi kwehlise ngokuphawulekayo isivuno somkhiqizo.
Isici esithi "zero-pollution" samapulatifomu egwadle
Isizathu sokuthi kungani amapulatifomu egwadle athandwe yizitshalo zomhlaba ezi-TOP 5 zokwenziwa kwe-wafer zilele esicini sazo esithi "zero-pollution". I-Granite iyitshe lemvelo elakhiwe ngezinqubo ze-geological phezu kwamakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka. Amakristalu ayo amaminerali angaphakathi acwebezeliswe eduze, isakhiwo siminyene futhi sifana, futhi cishe awekho ama-pores phezulu. Lesi sakhiwo esiyingqayizivele siqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke sikhangise uthuli nokungcola. Ngisho naseziphazamisweni zokugeleza komoya okuvamile kanye nemisebenzi yabasebenzi nemishini egumbini elihlanzekile, indawo yeplatifomu yegwadle isengahlala ihlanzekile, ivimbele ukuzala nokusabalala kokungcola.
Mayelana nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali, i-granite isebenza kahle kakhulu. Izingxenye zayo eziyinhloko zingamaminerali afana ne-quartz ne-feldspar. Inezici zamakhemikhali ezinzile ngokwedlulele futhi ayihlangani nanoma yiziphi izixube zamakhemikhali ezivamile. Esimeni samakhemikhali esiyinkimbinkimbi sokwenziwa kwe-wafer, amapulatifomu egwadle angakwazi ukubhekana nokuguguleka kwama-reagents abolayo ahlukahlukene kalula, ngaphandle kokukhiqiza imikhiqizo yokugqwala noma ukungcoliswa kwe-ion yensimbi, ukuhlinzeka ngenkundla eyisisekelo ephephile nehlanzekile yokukhiqiza ama-wafer. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-granite ayiqhubeki futhi ayikhiqizi ugesi omile, ngaleyo ndlela igwema ingozi yokungcola okubangelwa ugesi omile okhangisa izinhlayiya zothuli futhi iqinisekisa nakakhulu ikhwalithi yemvelo yegumbi elihlanzekile.
Ukukhetha okubalulekile ngokombono wezindleko nenzuzo
Nakuba izindleko zokuqala zokuthengwa kwamapulatifomu egwadle ziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo ezisansimbi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinzuzo eziphelele ezilethwayo ziwudlula kude umehluko wezindleko. Ukuhlanzwa njalo nokugcinwa kahle kwamapulatifomu ensimbi ngenxa yezinkinga zokungcola, kanye nokulahlekelwa okukhulu okubangelwa ukwanda kwamazinga okulimala komkhiqizo, kugcine izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphezulu. Iplatifomu yegwadle, nenzuzo yayo yokungcolisa iqanda, inciphisa ngokuphawulekayo imvamisa yokuhlanza nokunakekelwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile kanye nezinga lesici lemikhiqizo, yehlisa izindleko zokusebenza, futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Thatha ifektri enamandla okukhiqiza ngonyaka wama-wafer ayisigidi njengesibonelo. Ngemva kokwamukela amapulatifomu egwadle, inganciphisa ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukungcola ngamayuan angaphezu kwezigidi eziyishumi unyaka ngamunye, futhi imbuyiselo yokutshalwa kwezimali inkulu kakhulu.
I-TOP 5 yomhlaba wonke yezitshalo ezikhiqiza i-wafer ilahle insimbi futhi yakhetha izinkundla zegwadle ngokususelwe ekucatshangweni okuphelele kwezidingo zendawo ehlanzekile nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Inzuzo yokungcola okuyiziro kwamapulatifomu egwadle inikeza isiqinisekiso esithembekile sokukhiqizwa kwe-wafer futhi idonsa ukukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor ekunembeni okuphezulu kanye namazinga esivuno aphezulu. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-semiconductor, amapulatifomu e-granite azodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ama-wafer azayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-14-2025