Ukuhlela amazinga omhlaba wonke e-Metrology: i-DIN, i-JIS, i-ASME, i-GB kanye ne-BS ekusebenzeni

Noma ubani othole imishini yokulinganisa ngokunemba emhlabeni wonke uhlangabezane nenkinga efanayo: umkhiqizo ofanayo ongokoqobo ungachazwa ngokwezindinganiso ezinhlanu ezihlukene zikazwelonke, ngayinye inesistimu yayo yokulinganisa, ithebula lokubekezelelana, kanye namagama. Ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zindinganiso zichazani ngempela - kunokuba uziphathe njengezitembu zokuvunyelwa ezishintshaniswayo - kubalulekile kunoma ubani othenga noma okhiqiza amapuleti obuso, ama-straightedges, noma amathuluzi okulinganisa e-granite.

Izindinganiso Ezinkulu Ngokubuka Nje

I-DIN (eJalimane) — I-DIN 876 ihlanganisa ukubekezelelana kokucaba kweamapuleti ongaphezuluKumagredi amathathu (00, 0, kanye no-1), kanti iBanga 00 ligcinelwe ukusetshenziswa kwereferensi yelabhorethri. I-DIN 875 ikhuluma ngama-straightedges, kanti i-DIN 650 ihlanganisa ama-V-blocks. Izindinganiso zaseJalimane zisetshenziswa kabanzi njengendawo yokubhekisela eYurophu nase-Asia ngenxa yamathebula azo okubekezelelana anemininingwane ahlobene nosayizi wepuleti.

I-ASME/GGGP (e-United States) — Umkhuba wase-US obhekisele emlandweni we-Federal Specification GGG-P-463c, kamuva wagoqwa waba amazinga ochungechunge lwe-ASME B89, ahlukanisa amapuleti obuso ngamamaki eLabhoratri, Ukuhlolwa, kanye namathuluzi ngokusekelwe ekuphambukeni kokuthamba endaweni ngayinye.

I-JIS (eJapane) — Izindinganiso Zezimboni ZaseJapane zifana nengxenye enkulu yesakhiwo se-DIN kodwa zisebenzisa amagama azo kanye nezikhawu zokuhlola, ezivame ukubhekiselwa kuzo yimishini ethunyelwa ngaphandle embonini yamathuluzi omshini wokunemba waseJapane.

GB (China) — Izindinganiso zikazwelonke zaseShayina zamapuleti obuso be-granite namathuluzi okulinganisa ziye zahlangana eduze nendlela ye-ISO ne-DIN eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule, okubonisa isisekelo sokukhiqiza ngokunemba kwasekhaya esikhulayo ezweni.

I-BS 817 (e-United Kingdom) kanye ne-GOST 10905 (eRussia) — Zombili zichaza izidingo zokuthamba kanye nokuqeda ubuso obufanayo, kanye ne-BS 817 ebhekiselwe emlandweni ezimakethe ze-Commonwealth kanye ne-GOST esacacisiwe ekuthengweni kwezimboni zaseRussia kanye ne-CIS.

Kungani Umehluko Ubalulekile Ekwenzeni

Inkinga engokoqobo akukhona ukuthi indinganiso eyodwa "ingcono" kunenye - ukuthi amamaki okubekezelela awaguquki ngokuqondile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ipuleti leBanga 0 ngaphansi kwe-DIN 876 kanye nepuleti leBanga leLabhoratri ngaphansi kwe-ASME B89 ziyafana ngokomqondo kodwa zihlolwe ngaphansi kwezindlela ezahlukene kanye nezimo zemvelo (ngokuvamile izinga lokushisa elibhekiselwe ku-20°C, yize ukubekezelela ukuphambuka kuyahlukahluka). Abathengi abacabanga ukulingana ngaphandle kokuhlola umbiko wokuhlola wangempela bangagcina benemishini ehlangabezana nelebula lendinganiso yangaphandle kodwa hhayi ukubekezelelana inqubo yabo ekudingayo ngempela.

Umbuzo Wangempela Wokulandelela

Ngaphandle kwaleso simiso esiphrintiwe esitifiketini, umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu ukulandeleka: ingabe ukulinganiswa kungalandelelwa emuva ngesikhungo sikazwelonke se-metrology? Abakhiqizi abadumile balinganisela izinsimbi zabo zokulinganisa - izinkomba zokudayela, ama-interferometer e-laser, amazinga kagesi - ngokuqhathanisa nezitifiketi ezikhishwe yizikhungo ezigunyaziwe (eShayina, ngokuvamile izikhungo ze-metrology zikamasipala nezesifundazwe, ezinendlela ebuyela eNational Institute of Metrology). Ngaphandle kwalolo chungechunge, isitembu "seBanga 0" sithembeke kuphela njengelebhu esikhiphe sona.

Kwabanjiniyela abachaza izisekelo ze-granite noma amathuluzi okulinganisa kubo bonke abaphakeli bamazwe ngamazwe, into elula ukuyithatha: buza ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokuhlola yezinga esetshenzisiwe, cela idatha yokulinganisa yangempela kunokuba nje ilebula lebanga, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi imishini yokulinganisa ngokwayo inesitifiketi esilandelekayo. Abakhiqizi abaqeqesha abasebenzi ngezindinganiso eziningi zikazwelonke - i-DIN, i-ASME, i-JIS, i-GB, i-BS, kanye ne-GOST ngokufanayo - ngokuvamile basesimweni esingcono sokukhiqiza izingxenye ezihlala ngaphansi kwanoma yiliphi izinga uhlelo lwekhwalithi yekhasimende elilidingayo.